Repetition of deliberate self-harm and subsequent suicide risk: long-term follow-up study of 11 583 patients
Daniel Louis Zahl,Keith Hawton +1 more
TLDR
Repetition of DSH is associated with an increased risk of suicide in males and females and may be a better indicator of risk in females, especially young females.Abstract:
Background Repetition of deliberate self-harm (DSH) is a risk factor
for suicide. Little information is available on the risk for specific groups
of people who deliberately harm themselves repeatedly. Aims To investigate the long-term risk of suicide associated with
repetition of DSH by gender, age and frequency of repetition. Method A mortality follow-up study to the year 2000 was conducted on
11 583 people who presented to the general hospital in Oxford between 1978 and
1997. Repetition of DSH was determined from reported episodes prior to the
index episode and episodes presenting to the same hospital during the
follow-up period. Deaths were identified through national registers. Results Thirty-nine per cent of patients repeated the DSH. They were
at greater relative risk of suicide than the single-episode DSH group (2.24;
95% CI 1.77–2.84). The relative risk of suicide in the repeated DSH
group compared with the single-episode DSH group was greater in females (3.5;
95% CI 1.3–2.4) than males (1.8; 95% CI 2.3–5.3) and was inversely
related to age (up to 54 years). Suicide risk increased further with multiple
repeat episodes of DSH in females. Conclusions Repetition of DSH is associated with an increased risk
of suicide in males and females. Repetition may be a better indicator of risk
in females, especially young females.read more
Citations
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Does a copycat effect exist in the emergency department
TL;DR: A copycat effect was found in ED-visiting suicide attempts and a specific action guide should be established for suicide attempts in the ED, including cooperation between other hospitals, the community, and the media.
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Repetition of attempted suicide among immigrants in Europe.
Cendrine Bursztein Lipsicas,Ilkka Henrik Mäkinen,Danuta Wasserman,Alan Apter,Ad J. F. M. Kerkhof,Konrad Michel,Ellinor Salander Renberg,Kees van Heeringen,Airi Värnik,Armin Schmidtke +9 more
TL;DR: The lower repetition frequencies in non-Western immigrants, compared with locals, in Europe stands in contrast to their markedly higher tendency to attempt suicide in general, possibly pointing to situational stress factors related to their suicidal crisis that are less persistent over time.
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Socio cultural and clinical factors in repetition of suicide attempts: a study from India
TL;DR: Repeated suicide attempters are socioculturally and clinically different from the first timers in India and a multipronged strategy to address the variety of risk factors associated with repetition needs to be formulated to reduce mortality by suicide.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reassessment of suicide attempters at home, shortly after discharge from hospital
Bas Verwey,Jeroen A. van Waarde,Molla A. Bozdağ,Iris A.L.M. van Rooij,Edwin de Beurs,Frans G. Zitman +5 more
TL;DR: Reassessments at home concerning suicide intent, motives for suicide attempt, and dimensions of psychopathology did not differ significantly from the initial hospital assessment but results from this group of suicide attempters suggest that a brief reassessment at home shortly after discharge from hospital should be considered.
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Capacity of tier 2/3 CAMHS and service specification : A model to enable evidence based service development
TL;DR: This paper proposes a model to analyse the 'needs' of any given CAMHS tier 2/3 service catchment area and establish the service capacity/workforce required to deliver 'evidence based practice' that is in keeping with good clinical governance.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Fatal and non-fatal repetition of self-harm. Systematic review.
TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic review of published follow-up data from observational and experimental studies was conducted to estimate rates of fatal and non-fatal repetition of self-harm.
Book
The International Handbook of Suicide and Attempted Suicide
Keith Hawton,Kees van Heeringen +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, Hawton and van Heeringen studied suicide in the Western world and found that suicidal ideation and behaviour is associated with depression and substance abuse, and the most common causes of suicide are depression and self-harm.
Journal ArticleDOI
Suicide following deliberate self-harm: long-term follow-up of patients who presented to a general hospital
TL;DR: Following DSH there is a significant and persistent risk of suicide, which varies markedly between genders and age groups, and reduction in the risk of Suicide must be a key element in national suicide prevention strategies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Suicide, and other causes of death, following attempted suicide.
Keith Hawton,Joan Fagg +1 more
TL;DR: The number of deaths in a large series of suicide attempters followed up after their attempts was 3.3 times greater than expected and factors identified at the time of the attempts which were associated with suicide risk included being male, advancing age, psychiatric disorder, long-term use of hypnotics, poor physical health, and repeat attempts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Survival plots of time-to-event outcomes in clinical trials: good practice and pitfalls.
TL;DR: Specific issues are: should plots go up or down, how far in time to extend the plot, showing the extent of follow-up, displaying statistical uncertainty by including SEs or CIS, and exercising caution when interpreting the shape of plots and the time-pattern of treatment difference.
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