Restoring Soil Quality to Mitigate Soil Degradation
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In this paper, the authors proposed a strategy to minimize soil erosion, create positive organic carbon (SOC) and N budgets, enhance activity and species diversity of soil biota (micro, meso, and macro), and improve structural stability and pore geometry.Abstract:
Feeding the world population, 7.3 billion in 2015 and projected to increase to 9.5 billion by 2050, necessitates an increase in agricultural production of ~70% between 2005 and 2050. Soil degradation, characterized by decline in quality and decrease in ecosystem goods and services, is a major constraint to achieving the required increase in agricultural production. Soil is a non-renewable resource on human time scales with its vulnerability to degradation depending on complex interactions between processes, factors and causes occurring at a range of spatial and temporal scales. Among the major soil degradation processes are accelerated erosion, depletion of the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool and loss in biodiversity, loss of soil fertility and elemental imbalance, acidification and salinization. Soil degradation trends can be reversed by conversion to a restorative land use and adoption of recommended management practices. The strategy is to minimize soil erosion, create positive SOC and N budgets, enhance activity and species diversity of soil biota (micro, meso, and macro), and improve structural stability and pore geometry. Improving soil quality (i.e., increasing SOC pool, improving soil structure, enhancing soil fertility) can reduce risks of soil degradation (physical, chemical, biological and ecological) while improving the environment. Increasing the SOC pool to above the critical level (10 to 15 g/kg) is essential to set-in-motion the restorative trends. Site-specific techniques of restoring soil quality include conservation agriculture, integrated nutrient management, continuous vegetative cover such as residue mulch and cover cropping, and controlled grazing at appropriate stocking rates. The strategy is to produce “more from less” by reducing losses and increasing soil, water, and nutrient use efficiency.read more
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Secuestro de carbono orgánico del suelo en pastizales de la provincia El Oro, Ecuador
TL;DR: The capacity to store soil organic carbon (SOC) by grasslands should be studied, as they occupy the largest area on the planet as discussed by the authors, because it represents the largest carbon pool and its productive potential is at risk from the intensification of agricultural and livestock.
Posted ContentDOI
Development of a composite soil degradation assessment index for cocoa agroforests under tropical conditions of southwest Nigeria
Sunday Adenrele Adeniyi,Sunday Adenrele Adeniyi,Willem de Clercq,Adriaan van Niekerk,Adriaan van Niekerk +4 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a composite soil degradation assessment index (CSDI) for determining the degradation level of cocoa soils under smallholder agroforests of southwest Nigeria was developed and used to classify selected cocoa soils into three (3) different classes of degradation.
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Integration Crop-Livestock-Forestry: interaction between components and system sustainability.
Lucas Matheus Rodrigues,Arthur Gabriel Teodoro,A. J. M. Santos,Clarice Backes,J. H. T. Rocha,Pedro Rogerio Giongo,Y. L. A. dos Santos +6 more
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Threats of soil erosion under CMIP6 SSPs scenarios: an integrated data mining techniques and geospatial approaches
Asish Saha,S. Paul,Indrajit Chowdhuri,Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam,Rabin Chakrabortty,Paramita Roy +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper , a land degradation susceptibility modelling of the red and lateritic agro-climatic zone of Bengal (Eastern India) has been prepared using random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM) and extreme gradient boost (XGBoost) algorithms.
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Effects of Straw Return with Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction on Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Morphology, Photosynthetic Capacity, Yield and Water–Nitrogen Use Efficiency Traits under Different Water Regimes
TL;DR: In this paper , a 2-year paddy field experiment was conducted to elucidate the effects of irrigation regime (continuously flooded, CF; controlled irrigation and drainage, CID) and straw return with N reduction on rice growth dynamics, grain yield and water-nitrogen utilization.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Soil carbon sequestration impacts on global climate change and food security.
TL;DR: In this article, the carbon sink capacity of the world’s agricultural and degraded soils is 50 to 66% of the historic carbon loss of 42 to 78 gigatons of carbon.
Journal ArticleDOI
Organic matter and water-stable aggregates in soils
Judith. Tisdall,J.M. Oades +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effectiveness of various binding agents at different stages in the structural organization of aggregates is described and forms the basis of a model which illustrates the architecture of an aggregate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental and Economic Costs of Soil Erosion and Conservation Benefits
David Pimentel,Celia A. Harvey,P. Resosudarmo,K. Sinclair,D. Kurz,M. McNair,S. Crist,L. Shpritz,L. Fitton,R. Saffouri,R. Blair +10 more
TL;DR: With the addition of a quarter of a million people each day, the world population's food demand is increasing at a time when per capita food productivity is beginning to decline.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil Quality: A Concept, Definition, and Framework for Evaluation (A Guest Editorial)
Douglas L. Karlen,Maurice J. Mausbach,John W. Doran,R. G. Cline,R. F. Harris,Gerald E. Schuman +5 more
TL;DR: The Soil Science Society of America (SSSA) Ad Hoc Committee on Soil Quality (S-581) as mentioned in this paper defined soil quality as "the capacity (of soil) to function".
Journal ArticleDOI
持続可能性(Sustainability)の要件
TL;DR: The Bachelor of Science in Sustainability as discussed by the authors provides the broad fundamental knowledge, skills and competencies needed to drive sustainable outcomes that address today's urgent environmental, economic and social challenges.
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