Journal ArticleDOI
Soil carbon sequestration impacts on global climate change and food security.
TLDR
In this article, the carbon sink capacity of the world’s agricultural and degraded soils is 50 to 66% of the historic carbon loss of 42 to 78 gigatons of carbon.Abstract:
:The carbon sink capacity of the world’s agricultural and degraded soils is 50 to 66% of the historic carbon loss of 42 to 78 gigatons of carbon. The rate of soil organic carbon sequestration with adoption of recommended technologies depends on soil texture and structure, rainfall, temperature, farming system, and soil management. Strategies to increase the soil carbon pool include soil restoration and woodland regeneration, no-till farming, cover crops, nutrient management, manuring and sludge application, improved grazing, water conservation and harvesting, efficient irrigation, agroforestry practices, and growing energy crops on spare lands. An increase of 1 ton of soil carbon pool of degraded cropland soils may increase crop yield by 20 to 40 kilograms per hectare (kg/ha) for wheat, 10 to 20 kg/ha for maize, and 0.5 to 1 kg/ha for cowpeas. As well as enhancing food security, carbon sequestration has the potential to offset fossilfuel emissions by 0.4 to 1.2 gigatons of carbon per year, or 5 to 15% of the global fossil-fuel emissions.read more
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Climate change and water.
TL;DR: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Technical Paper Climate Change and Water draws together and evaluates the information in IPCC Assessment and Special Reports concerning the impacts of climate change on hydrological processes and regimes, and on freshwater resources.
Journal ArticleDOI
The contentious nature of soil organic matter
Johannes Lehmann,Markus Kleber +1 more
TL;DR: It is argued that the available evidence does not support the formation of large-molecular-size and persistent ‘humic substances’ in soils, and instead soil organic matter is a continuum of progressively decomposing organic compounds.
Journal ArticleDOI
Greenhouse gas mitigation in agriculture
Pete Smith,Daniel Martino,Zucong Cai,Daniel Gwary,H. Henry Janzen,Pushpam Kumar,Bruce A. McCarl,Stephen M. Ogle,Frank P. O'Mara,Charles W. Rice,Bob Scholes,O D Sirotenko,Mark Howden,Tim A. McAllister,Genxing Pan,V. Romanenkov,Uwe A. Schneider,Sirintornthep Towprayoon,Martin Wattenbach,Jo Smith +19 more
TL;DR: In this article, the economic potential of agricultural practices, such as water and rice management, set-aside, land use change and agroforestry, livestock management and manure management, is estimated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stability of organic carbon in deep soil layers controlled by fresh carbon supply
TL;DR: It is proposed that a lack of supply of fresh carbon may prevent the decomposition of the organic carbon pool in deep soil layers in response to future changes in temperature.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Soil organic carbon sequestration rates by tillage and crop rotation : A global data analysis
Tristram O. West,Wilfred M. Post +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors quantify potential soil organic carbon sequestration rates for different crops in response to decreasing tillage intensity or enhancing rotation complexity, and to estimate the duration of time over which sequestration may occur.
Book
Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry
Ian R. Noble,Michael J. Apps,Richard A. Houghton,Daniel A. Lashof,Willy Makundi,Daniel Murdiyarso,Brad Murray,Wim Sombroek,Riccardo Valentini,Masahiro Amano,Phillip Fearnside,Jorge Frangi,Peter C. Frumhoff,Donald Goldberg,Niro Higuchi,Anthony C. Janetos,Miko U. F. Kirschbaum,Rodel D. Lasco,Gert Nabuurs,Reider Persson,William H. Schlesinger,Anatoly Shvidenko,David L. Skole,P. L. Smith,M. G. R. Cannell,Carlos Clemente Cerri,Darren Goetze,H. Henry Janzen,John M. Kimble,Rattan Lal,Pedro Moura-Costa,Mark O'Brien,Pancho Sanchez,Tejpal Singh,Robert J. Scholes +34 more
TL;DR: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Land Use, Land Use Change, and Forestry (SR-LULUCF) has been prepared in response to a request from the UNFCCC Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil Erosion and the Global Carbon Budget
TL;DR: Soil erosion has a strong impact on the global C cycle and this component must be considered while assessing theglobal C budget and adoption of conservation-effective measures may reduce the risks of C emission and sequester C in soil and biota.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Anthropogenic Greenhouse Era Began Thousands of Years Ago
TL;DR: The anthropogenic era is generally thought to have begun 150 to 200 years ago, when the industrial revolution began producing CO2 and CH4 at rates sufficient to alter their compositions in the atmosphere as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil organic matter, biota and aggregation in temperate and tropical soils - Effects of no-tillage
Johan Six,Johan Six,Christian Feller,Karolien Denef,Stephen M. Ogle,João Carlos de Moraes Sá,Alain Albrecht +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the long-term stabilization of soil organic matter (SOM) in tropical and temperate regions is mediated by soil biota (e.g. fungi, bacte- ria, roots and earthworms), soil structure and their interactions.