Restoring Soil Quality to Mitigate Soil Degradation
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In this paper, the authors proposed a strategy to minimize soil erosion, create positive organic carbon (SOC) and N budgets, enhance activity and species diversity of soil biota (micro, meso, and macro), and improve structural stability and pore geometry.Abstract:
Feeding the world population, 7.3 billion in 2015 and projected to increase to 9.5 billion by 2050, necessitates an increase in agricultural production of ~70% between 2005 and 2050. Soil degradation, characterized by decline in quality and decrease in ecosystem goods and services, is a major constraint to achieving the required increase in agricultural production. Soil is a non-renewable resource on human time scales with its vulnerability to degradation depending on complex interactions between processes, factors and causes occurring at a range of spatial and temporal scales. Among the major soil degradation processes are accelerated erosion, depletion of the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool and loss in biodiversity, loss of soil fertility and elemental imbalance, acidification and salinization. Soil degradation trends can be reversed by conversion to a restorative land use and adoption of recommended management practices. The strategy is to minimize soil erosion, create positive SOC and N budgets, enhance activity and species diversity of soil biota (micro, meso, and macro), and improve structural stability and pore geometry. Improving soil quality (i.e., increasing SOC pool, improving soil structure, enhancing soil fertility) can reduce risks of soil degradation (physical, chemical, biological and ecological) while improving the environment. Increasing the SOC pool to above the critical level (10 to 15 g/kg) is essential to set-in-motion the restorative trends. Site-specific techniques of restoring soil quality include conservation agriculture, integrated nutrient management, continuous vegetative cover such as residue mulch and cover cropping, and controlled grazing at appropriate stocking rates. The strategy is to produce “more from less” by reducing losses and increasing soil, water, and nutrient use efficiency.read more
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Land Degradation–Desertification in Relation to Farming Practices in India: An Overview of Current Practices and Agro-Policy Perspectives
TL;DR: In this paper , a mixed-method approach combining hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and multilinear regression analysis (MLRA) with contextual assessments was adopted to draw on, using state-level information from 2011-2013, an age-old question: do farming operations aggravate land degradation and desertification?
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Promising Agricultural Management Practices and Soil Threats in Europe and China
Lúcia Barão,Lúcia Barão,Abdallah Alaoui,Carla Ferreira,Gottlieb Basch,Gudrun Schwilch,Violette Geissen,Wijnand Sukkel,Julie Lemesle,Fuensanta García-Orenes,Alicia Morugán-Coronado,Jorge Mataix-Solera,Costas Kosmas,Matjaž Glavan,Marina Pintar,Brigitta Szabó,Tamás Hermann,Olga Vizitiu,Jerzy Lipiec,Endla Reintam,Minggang Xu,Jiaying Di,Hongzhu Fan,Fei Wang +23 more
TL;DR: The iSQAPER project as discussed by the authors mapped the current distribution of previously selected 18 promising AMPs in several pedoclimatic regions and farming systems along Europe and China, based on ten and four study site areas (SSA), respectively, and identified the soil threats occurring in those areas.
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Resources or Capital?—The Quality Improvement Mechanism of Precision Poverty Alleviation by Land Elements
TL;DR: Li et al. as discussed by the authors used a panel vector autoregressive model to empirically analyze the mechanisms of interaction among land resource endowment, land capital endowment and rural poverty, and they found that the improvement of land resources endowment has had a relatively prominent effect on short-term poverty reduction, while the improvement on land capital endsowment has a relatively longer-term effect on the improvement in rural poverty.
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Soil quality index analysis in efforts to overcome land degradation in nganjuk regency
TL;DR: In this paper, a descriptive study was done in some land units in Nganjuk Regency by measuring its soil index quality using Mausbach and Seybold (1998) criteria which has been modified by Partoyo (2005).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Soil carbon sequestration impacts on global climate change and food security.
TL;DR: In this article, the carbon sink capacity of the world’s agricultural and degraded soils is 50 to 66% of the historic carbon loss of 42 to 78 gigatons of carbon.
Journal ArticleDOI
Organic matter and water-stable aggregates in soils
Judith. Tisdall,J.M. Oades +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effectiveness of various binding agents at different stages in the structural organization of aggregates is described and forms the basis of a model which illustrates the architecture of an aggregate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental and Economic Costs of Soil Erosion and Conservation Benefits
David Pimentel,Celia A. Harvey,P. Resosudarmo,K. Sinclair,D. Kurz,M. McNair,S. Crist,L. Shpritz,L. Fitton,R. Saffouri,R. Blair +10 more
TL;DR: With the addition of a quarter of a million people each day, the world population's food demand is increasing at a time when per capita food productivity is beginning to decline.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil Quality: A Concept, Definition, and Framework for Evaluation (A Guest Editorial)
Douglas L. Karlen,Maurice J. Mausbach,John W. Doran,R. G. Cline,R. F. Harris,Gerald E. Schuman +5 more
TL;DR: The Soil Science Society of America (SSSA) Ad Hoc Committee on Soil Quality (S-581) as mentioned in this paper defined soil quality as "the capacity (of soil) to function".
Journal ArticleDOI
持続可能性(Sustainability)の要件
TL;DR: The Bachelor of Science in Sustainability as discussed by the authors provides the broad fundamental knowledge, skills and competencies needed to drive sustainable outcomes that address today's urgent environmental, economic and social challenges.
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