Journal ArticleDOI
Robust text-independent speaker identification using Gaussian mixture speaker models
Douglas A. Reynolds,Richard Rose +1 more
TLDR
The individual Gaussian components of a GMM are shown to represent some general speaker-dependent spectral shapes that are effective for modeling speaker identity and is shown to outperform the other speaker modeling techniques on an identical 16 speaker telephone speech task.Abstract:
This paper introduces and motivates the use of Gaussian mixture models (GMM) for robust text-independent speaker identification. The individual Gaussian components of a GMM are shown to represent some general speaker-dependent spectral shapes that are effective for modeling speaker identity. The focus of this work is on applications which require high identification rates using short utterance from unconstrained conversational speech and robustness to degradations produced by transmission over a telephone channel. A complete experimental evaluation of the Gaussian mixture speaker model is conducted on a 49 speaker, conversational telephone speech database. The experiments examine algorithmic issues (initialization, variance limiting, model order selection), spectral variability robustness techniques, large population performance, and comparisons to other speaker modeling techniques (uni-modal Gaussian, VQ codebook, tied Gaussian mixture, and radial basis functions). The Gaussian mixture speaker model attains 96.8% identification accuracy using 5 second clean speech utterances and 80.8% accuracy using 15 second telephone speech utterances with a 49 speaker population and is shown to outperform the other speaker modeling techniques on an identical 16 speaker telephone speech task. >read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Speaker Verification Using Adapted Gaussian Mixture Models
TL;DR: The major elements of MIT Lincoln Laboratory's Gaussian mixture model (GMM)-based speaker verification system used successfully in several NIST Speaker Recognition Evaluations (SREs) are described.
Book
Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language Processing, Computational Linguistics, and Speech Recognition
Dan Jurafsky,James Martin +1 more
TL;DR: This book takes an empirical approach to language processing, based on applying statistical and other machine-learning algorithms to large corpora, to demonstrate how the same algorithm can be used for speech recognition and word-sense disambiguation.
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Distributed Systems: Principles and Paradigms
TL;DR: Intended for use in a senior/graduate level distributed systems course or by professionals, this text systematically shows how distributed systems are designed and implemented in real systems.
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Survey on speech emotion recognition: Features, classification schemes, and databases
TL;DR: A survey of speech emotion classification addressing three important aspects of the design of a speech emotion recognition system, the choice of suitable features for speech representation, and the proper preparation of an emotional speech database for evaluating system performance are addressed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Speaker recognition: a tutorial
TL;DR: A tutorial on the design and development of automatic speaker-recognition systems is presented and a new automatic speakers recognition system is given that performs with 98.9% correct decalcification.
References
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TL;DR: This month's guest columnist, Steve Bible, N7HPR, is completing a master’s degree in computer science at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California, and his research area closely follows his interest in amateur radio.
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Vector quantization
TL;DR: During the past few years several design algorithms have been developed for a variety of vector quantizers and the performance of these codes has been studied for speech waveforms, speech linear predictive parameter vectors, images, and several simulated random processes.