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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Space-time and integral measures of individual accessibility: a comparative analysis using a point-based framework

Mei Po Kwan
- 03 Sep 2010 - 
- Vol. 30, Iss: 3, pp 191-216
TLDR
In this paper, the authors compare the relationship and spatial patterns of these thirty accessibility measures using network-based GIS procedures and conclude that space-time and integral indices are distinctive types of accessibility measures which reflect different dimensions of the accessibility experience of individuals.
Abstract
Conventional integral measures of accessibility, although valuable as indicators of place accessibility, have several limitations when used to evaluate individual accessibility. Two alternatives for overcoming some of the difficulties involved are explored in this study. One is to adapt these measures for evaluating individual accessibility using a disaggregate, nonzonal approach. The other is to develop different types of measures based on an alternative conceptual framework. To pursue the former alternative, this study specifies and examines eighteen gravity-type and cumulative-opportunity accessibility measures using a point-based spatial framework. For the latter option, twelve space-time accessibility measures are developed based on the construct of a prism-constrained feasible opportunity set. This paper compares the relationships and spatial patterns of these thirty measures using network-based GIS procedures. Travel diary data collected in Columbus, Ohio, and a digital data set of 10,727 selected land parcels are used for all computation. Results of this study indicate that space-time and integral indices are distinctive types of accessibility measures which reflect different dimensions of the accessibility experience of individuals. Since space-time measures are more capable of capturing interpersonal differences, especially the effect of space-time constraints, they are more “gender sensitive” and helpful for unraveling gender/ethnic differences in accessibility. An important methodological implication is that whether accessibility is observed to be important or different between individuals depends heavily on whether the measure used is capable of revealing the kind of differences the analyst intends to observe.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Spatial accessibility in suboptimally configured health care systems: a modified two-step floating catchment area (M2SFCA) metric.

TL;DR: A modified two-step floating catchment area (M2SFCA) metric is offered to address this issue, which is built upon previous FCA metrics, but allows for spatial accessibility to be discounted as a result of the suboptimal configuration of health care facilities within the system.
Journal ArticleDOI

Understanding monthly variability in human activity spaces: A twelve-month study using mobile phone call detail records

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined call detail records obtained from a set of anonymous mobile phone users, and examined their activity locations and activity spaces for 12 consecutive months, and found modest monthly variation in the number of activity locations, whereas there were great variations in the sizes of individual activity spaces.
Journal ArticleDOI

How fixed is fixed? Gendered rigidity of space–time constraints and geographies of everyday activities

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate how variations in fixity levels are associated with activity type, other activity attributes, and the personal, household and geographical background of the person pursuing the activity.
Book ChapterDOI

Beyond Space (As We Knew It): Toward Temporally Integrated Geographies of Segregation, Health, and Accessibility

TL;DR: The authors revisited three such notions: racial segregation, environmental exposure, and accessibility, and argued for the need to expand our analytical focus from static residential spaces to other relevant places and times in people's everyday lives.
Journal ArticleDOI

Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to assess the role of the built environment in influencing obesity: a glossary

TL;DR: As a case study, aspects the food and physical activity environments as they might apply to obesity are drawn on, to define key GIS terms related to data collection, concepts, and the measurement of environmental features.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

How Accessibility Shapes Land Use

TL;DR: In this article, an empirical analysis of the residential development patterns illustrates that accessibility and the availability of vacant developable land can be used as the basis of a residential land use model.
Journal ArticleDOI

Measuring accessibility: an exploration of issues and alternatives

TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a framework for the development of accessibility measures and two case studies suggestive of the range of possible approaches are presented, as well as issues that planners must address in developing an accessibility measure.
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TL;DR: The Market as a Factor in the Localization of Industry in the United States is discussed in this paper, where the authors present a survey of the market as a factor in the localization of industry.
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TL;DR: The conceptual properties of a trading area are defined and testable propositions are currently available to validate its properties and thus give precision to the definition.
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