Spatiotemporal development of coexisting wave domains of Rho activity in the cell cortex
TLDR
An automated method of wave domain detection is developed, which revealed a sharp reversal of pattern formation in the middle of anaphase in starfish oocytes, providing an insight into spatiotemporal regulation of complex and diverse but still computationally reproducible cell-level actin dynamics.Abstract:
The Rho family GTPases are molecular switches that regulate cytoskeletal dynamics and cell movement through a complex spatiotemporal organization of their activity. In Patiria miniata (starfish) oocytes under in vitro experimental conditions (with overexpressed Ect2, induced expression of Δ90 cyclin B, and roscovitine treatment), such activity generates multiple co-existing regions of coherent propagation of actin waves. Here we use computational modeling to investigate the development and properties of such wave domains. The model reveals that the formation of wave domains requires a balance between the activation and inhibition in the Rho signaling motif. Intriguingly, the development of the wave domains is preceded by a stage of low-activity quasi-static patterns, which may not be readily observed in experiments. Spatiotemporal patterns of this stage and the different paths of their destabilization define the behavior of the system in the later high-activity (observable) stage. Accounting for a strong intrinsic noise allowed us to achieve good quantitative agreement between simulated dynamics in different parameter regimes of the model and different wave dynamics in Patiria miniata and wild type Xenopus laevis (frog) data. For quantitative comparison of simulated and experimental results, we developed an automated method of wave domain detection, which revealed a sharp reversal in the process of pattern formation in starfish oocytes. Overall, our findings provide an insight into spatiotemporal regulation of complex and diverse but still computationally reproducible cell-level actin dynamics.read more
Citations
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Spatiotemporal Coordination of Rac1 and Cdc42 at the Whole Cell Level during Cell Ruffling
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigate the temporal and spatial relationship between Rac1 and Cdc42 during membrane ruffling using a simulation model which couples GTPase signaling with cell morphodynamics.
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Septin-Mediated Mechanobiological Reprogramming of T Cell Transmigration and 3D Motility
Alexander Zhovmer,Alexis Manning,Chynna Smith,Yashavanth L. Vishweshwaraiah,Jian Wang,Pablo J. Sáez,Xufei Ma,Alexander X. Cartagena-Rivera,Rakesh K. Singh,Nikolay V. Dokholyan,Erdem Tabdanov +10 more
TL;DR: It is reported that septin proteins function as a key regulator of migratory balance in T cells and shows that active septins compartmentalize the lymphocyte's cortex into a peristaltically treadmilling 'tube' during the avoidance response to mechanically crowding hindrances.
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Septins Provide Microenvironment Sensing and Cortical Actomyosin Partitioning in Motile Amoeboid T Lymphocytes
Alexander Zhovmer,Alexis Manning,Chynna Smith,Pablo J. Sáez,Xuefei Ma,Denis Tsygankov,Alexander X. Cartagena-Rivera,Rakesh K. Singh,Erdem Tabdanov +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors show that septins shape T cells for amoeboid motility by forming hourglass-shaped steric locks onto the surrounding collagen fibers, which facilitates peristaltic propulsion of cytosolic content along its individually contracting cell segments.
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Spatiotemporal Coordination of Rac1 and Cdc42 at the Whole Cell Level during Cell Ruffling.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigate the temporal and spatial relationship between Rac1 and Cdc42 during membrane ruffling, using a simulation model that couples GTPase signaling with cell morphodynamics and captures the GTPases behavior observed with FRET-based biosensors.
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