Strings in an electric field, and the Milne Universe
Micha Berkooz,Boris Pioline +1 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
In this paper, it was shown that twisted sectors do contain physical scattering states, which can be viewed as charged particles in an electric field, and correlated pairs of twisted states will therefore be produced by the ordinary Schwinger mechanism.Abstract:
Arguably the simplest model of a cosmological singularity in string theory, the Lorentzian orbifold 1,1/boost is known to lead to severe divergences in scattering amplitudes of untwisted states, indicating a large backreaction towards the singularity. In this work we take a first step in investigating whether condensation of twisted states may remedy this problem and resolve the spacelike singularity. By using the formal analogy with charged open strings in an electric field, we argue that, contrary to earlier claims, twisted sectors do contain physical scattering states, which can be viewed as charged particles in an electric field. Correlated pairs of twisted states will therefore be produced by the ordinary Schwinger mechanism. For open strings in an electric field, on-shell wave functions for the zero-modes are determined, and shown to analytically continue to non-normalizable modes of the usual Landau harmonic oscillator in Euclidean space. Closed string scattering states of the Milne orbifold continue to non-normalizable modes in an unusual Euclidean orbifold of 2 by a rotation by an irrational angle. Irrespective of the formal analogy with the Milne Universe, open strings in a constant electric field, or colliding D-branes, may also serve as a useful laboratory to study time-dependence in string theory.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
A matrix big bang
TL;DR: In this article, a model for a big bang type singularity in string theory/M-theory was proposed. But the model is based on a (1+1)-d supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on a time-dependent world-sheet given by the Milne orbifold of (1 + 1)-d Minkowski space.
Journal ArticleDOI
Time-dependent cosmologies and their duals
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors construct a family of solutions in IIB supergravity theory which are time-dependent or depend on a light-like coordinate and can be thought of as deformations of the dual gauge theory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Closed string tachyon condensation: an overview
TL;DR: In this article, a lightning review of closed string tachyon condensation is presented, focusing on two simple systems, C/Z n orbifolds and twisted circle compactifications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relic neutrino background from cosmological supernovae
Shin'ichiro Ando,Katsuhiko Sato +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present and future observations of supernova relic neutrinos (SRNs), i.e., a cosmological neutrino background from past core-collapse supernova explosions, potentially give us useful information concerning various fields of astrophysics, cosmology and particle physics.
References
More filters
Book
Quantum Field Theory
TL;DR: In this article, a modern pedagogic introduction to the ideas and techniques of quantum field theory is presented, with a brief overview of particle physics and a survey of relativistic wave equations and Lagrangian methods.
Journal ArticleDOI
On gauge invariance and vacuum polarization
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the extraction of gauge invariants from a formally gauge invariant theory is ensured if one employs methods of solution that involve only gauge covariant quantities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Notes on black-hole evaporation
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined various aspects of black-hole evaporation and proposed a technique for replacing the collapse by boundary conditions on the past horizon, which retains the essential features of the collapse while eliminating some of the difficulties.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantum Field Theory
TL;DR: In this paper, the experimentally measured value of the magnetic dipole moment of the muon was compared with the theoretical prediction of 233,183,478, and 308, respectively.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hawking Radiation As Tunneling
TL;DR: A short and direct derivation of Hawking radiation as a tunneling process, based on particles in a dynamical geometry, respects conservation laws, but the exact spectrum is not precisely thermal.