Structural Characterization of Hydrothermal Carbon Spheres by Advanced Solid-State MAS 13C NMR Investigations
Niki Baccile,Guillaume Laurent,Florence Babonneau,Franck Fayon,Maria-Magdalena Titirici,Markus Antonietti +5 more
TLDR
In this paper, the local structure of carbon spheres obtained via the hydrothermal carbonization process is characterized by using a combination of advanced solid-state 13C NMR techniques, and the core of the carbonaceous scaffold is composed of furan rings cross-linked by domains containing short keto-aliphatic chains.Abstract:
The local structure of carbon spheres obtained via the hydrothermal carbonization process is characterized by using a combination of advanced solid-state 13C NMR techniques. Glucose was chosen as the starting product because it offers the possibility of 13C isotopic enrichment and is regarded as a model compound for more complex polysaccharides and biomass, as reported in recent studies. A number of 13C solid-state MAS NMR techniques (single-pulse, cross-polarization, inversion recovery cross-polarization, INEPT, 13C−13C proton-driven magnetization exchange, and 13C−13C double-quantum−single-quantum correlation experiments) were combined to retrieve information about binding motifs and C−C closest neighbor relations. We found that the core of the carbonaceous scaffold is composed of furan rings cross-linked by domains containing short keto-aliphatic chains instead of otherwise expected graphene-type sheets, as mainly reported either for hydrothermal carbon spheres or for biomass-related carbons obtained b...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Engineering Carbon Materials from the Hydrothermal Carbonization Process of Biomass
TL;DR: It will be demonstrated that the HTC process can rationally design a rich family of carbonaceous and hybrid functional carbon materials with important applications in a sustainable fashion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrothermal carbonization of biomass residuals: a comparative review of the chemistry, processes and applications of wet and dry pyrolysis
Judy A. Libra,Kyoung S. Ro,Claudia Kammann,Axel Funke,Nicole D. Berge,York Neubauer,Maria-Magdalena Titirici,Christoph Fühner,Oliver Bens,Jürgen Kern,Karl-Heinz Emmerich +10 more
TL;DR: The wet pyrolysis process, also known as hydrothermal carbonization, opens up the field of potential feedstocks for char production to a range of nontraditional renewable and plentiful wet agricultural residues and municipal wastes as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
A comparative review of biochar and hydrochar in terms of production, physico-chemical properties and applications
TL;DR: In this paper, an updated review on the fundamentals and reaction mechanisms of the slow-pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) processes, identifies research gaps, and summarizes the physicochemical characteristics of chars for different applications in the industry.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemistry and materials options of sustainable carbon materials made by hydrothermal carbonization
TL;DR: It will be shown that HTC does not only access carbonaceous materials under comparatively mild hydrothermal conditions, but also replaces the more technical and structurally well-defined charring by a controlled chemical process, leading to very different morphologies with miscellaneous applications, including modern carbon nanocomposites and hybrids.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hollow Carbon Nanospheres with Superior Rate Capability for Sodium‐Based Batteries
Kun Tang,Lijun Fu,Lijun Fu,Robin J. White,Linghui Yu,Maria-Magdalena Titirici,Markus Antonietti,Joachim Maier +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the increasing cost and an uneven geological distribution of the lithium source in recent years, and the need to increase the demand of lithium must grow proportionately and perhaps unsustainably.
References
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