The Fornax Deep Survey with VST. I. The Extended and Diffuse Stellar Halo of NGC 1399 out to 192 kpc
E. Iodice,Massimo Capaccioli,Aniello Grado,Luca Limatola,Marilena Spavone,Nicola R. Napolitano,Maurizio Paolillo,Maurizio Paolillo,Maurizio Paolillo,Reynier Peletier,Michele Cantiello,Thorsten Lisker,Carolin Wittmann,Aku Venhola,Michael Hilker,Raffaele D'Abrusco,Vincenzo Pota,Pietro Schipani +17 more
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In this article, the Fornax Deep Survey (FDS) at the VLT Survey Telescope (VST) was used to detect a faint stellar bridge in the intracluster region on the west side of NGC 1399 in the core of the cluster.Abstract:
We have started a new, deep multi-imaging survey of the Fornax cluster, dubbed the Fornax Deep Survey (FDS), at the VLT Survey Telescope (VST). In this paper we present the deep photometry inside two square degrees around the bright galaxy NGC 1399 in the core of the cluster. We found that the core of the Fornax cluster is characterized by a very extended and diffuse envelope surrounding the luminous galaxy NGC 1399: we map the surface brightness out to 33 arcmin (similar to 192 kpc) from the galaxy center and down to mu(g) similar to 31 mag arcsec(-2) in the g band. The deep photometry allows us to detect a faint stellar bridge in the intracluster region on the west side of NGC 1399 and toward NGC 1387. By analyzing the integrated colors of this feature, we argue that it could be due to the ongoing interaction between the two galaxies, where the outer envelope of NGC 1387 on its east side is stripped away. By fitting the light profile, we found that there exists a physical break radius in the total light distribution at R = 10 arcmin (similar to 58 kpc) that sets the transition region between the bright central galaxy and the outer exponential halo, and that the stellar halo contributes 60% of the total light of the galaxy (Section 3.5). We discuss the main implications of this work on the build-up of the stellar halo at the center of the Fornax cluster. By comparing with the numerical simulations of the stellar halo formation for the most massive bright cluster galaxies (i.e., 13 <logM(200)/M-circle dot <14), we find that the observed stellar halo mass fraction is consistent with a halo formed through the multiple accretion of progenitors with stellar mass in the range 10(8)-10(11)M(circle dot). This might suggest that the halo of NGC 1399 has also gone through a major merging event. The absence of a significant number of luminous stellar streams and tidal tails out to 192 kpc suggests that the epoch of this strong interaction goes back to an early formation epoch. Therefore, different from the Virgo cluster, the extended stellar halo around NGC 1399 is characterized by a more diffuse and well-mixed component, including the intracluster light.read more
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the Illustris simulation to study the relative contributions of in situ star formation and stellar accretion to the build-up of galaxies over an unprecedentedly wide range of masses.
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The Fornax Deep Survey (FDS) with the VST: III. Low Surface Brightness (LSB) dwarfs and Ultra Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs) in the center of the Fornax cluster
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TL;DR: In this paper, a 2D Sersic model fitting with GALFIT was used to classify low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies in nearby clusters and analyzed their distribution and orientations in the cluster, and studied their colors.
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The Fornax Deep Survey with VST. III. Low surface brightness dwarfs and ultra diffuse galaxies in the center of the Fornax cluster
Aku Venhola,Aku Venhola,Reynier Peletier,Eija Laurikainen,Heikki Salo,Thorsten Lisker,Enrichetta Iodice,Massimo Capaccioli,Gijs Verdois Kleijn,Edwin A. Valentijn,Steffen Mieske,M. Hilker,Carolin Wittmann,Glenn van de Ven,A. Grado,Marilena Spavone,Michele Cantiello,Nicola R. Napolitano,Maurizio Paolillo,Maurizio Paolillo,Jesús Falcón-Barroso,Jesús Falcón-Barroso +21 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a 2D Sersic model fitting with GALFIT was used to identify low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies in the Fornax Deep Survey (FDS) images.
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Individual stellar haloes of massive galaxies measured to 100 kpc at 0.3 < z < 0.5 using Hyper Suprime-Cam
Song Huang,Song Huang,Alexie Leauthaud,Alexie Leauthaud,Jenny E. Greene,Kevin Bundy,Kevin Bundy,Yen-Ting Lin,Masayuki Tanaka,Satoshi Miyazaki,Yutaka Komiyama +10 more
TL;DR: In this article, the stellar halos of a sample of more than 3000 galaxies at 0.3 11.4$ were used to estimate surface mass density profiles to 100 kpc without stacking.
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The Fornax Deep Survey with VST. II. Fornax A: A Two-phase Assembly Caught in the Act
E. Iodice,Marilena Spavone,Massimo Capaccioli,Reynier Peletier,Tom Richtler,Michael Hilker,Steffen Mieske,L. Limatola,A. Grado,Nicola R. Napolitano,Michele Cantiello,Raffaele D'Abrusco,Maurizio Paolillo,Aku Venhola,Thorsten Lisker,G. van de Ven,Jesús Falcón-Barroso,Pietro Schipani,Pietro Schipani +18 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present new g-and r-band mosaics of the SW group of the Fornax Cluster, which cover an area of 3 × 2 square degrees around the central galaxy NGC 1316.
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