Journal ArticleDOI
The high conductivity of iron and thermal evolution of the Earth’s core
Hitoshi Gomi,Kenji Ohta,Kei Hirose,Kei Hirose,Stéphane Labrosse,Stéphane Labrosse,Razvan Caracas,Matthieu J. Verstraete,John Hernlund,John Hernlund +9 more
TLDR
In this paper, the electrical resistivity of iron and iron-silicon alloy was measured to 100 GPa, which is significantly higher than conventional estimates, implying rapid secular core cooling, an inner core younger than 1 Ga, and ubiquitous melting of the lowermost mantle during the early Earth.About:
This article is published in Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors.The article was published on 2013-11-01. It has received 288 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Inner core & Electrical resistivity and conductivity.read more
Citations
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Thermal and electrical conductivity of iron at Earth/'s core conditions
TL;DR: New estimates indicate that the adiabatic heat flux is 15 to 16 terawatts at the CMB, higher than present estimates of CMB heat flux based on mantle convection; the top of the coremust be thermally stratified and any convection in the upper core must be driven by chemical convection against the adverse thermal buoyancy or lateral variations in CMBHeat flow.
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Composition and State of the Core
TL;DR: The composition and state of Earth's core, located deeper than 2,900 km from the surface, remain largely uncertain this article, although some static experiments on iron and alloys performed up to inner core pressure and temperature conditions have revealed phase relations and properties of core materials.
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Direct measurement of thermal conductivity in solid iron at planetary core conditions
Zuzana Konôpková,R. Stewart McWilliams,Natalia Gómez-Pérez,Natalia Gómez-Pérez,Alexander F. Goncharov,Alexander F. Goncharov +5 more
TL;DR: Direct measurements of the thermal conductivity of solid iron at pressure and temperature conditions relevant to the cores of Mercury-sized to Earth-sized planets, using a dynamically laser-heated diamond-anvil cell indicate that Earth's geodynamo has persisted since the beginning of Earth's history.
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Experimental determination of the electrical resistivity of iron at Earth’s core conditions
TL;DR: The low electrical resistivity of iron indicates the high thermal conductivity of Earth's core, suggesting rapid core cooling and a young inner core less than 0.7 billion years old.
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A Hadean to Paleoarchean geodynamo recorded by single zircon crystals
TL;DR: Full-vector paleointensity measurements of Archean to Hadean zircons bearing magnetic inclusions from the Jack Hills conglomerate are reported to reconstruct the early geodynamo history and imply that early atmospheric evolution on both Earth and Mars was regulated by dynamo behavior.
References
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Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple
TL;DR: A simple derivation of a simple GGA is presented, in which all parameters (other than those in LSD) are fundamental constants, and only general features of the detailed construction underlying the Perdew-Wang 1991 (PW91) GGA are invoked.
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Special points for brillouin-zone integrations
Hendrik J. Monkhorst,J.D. Pack +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a method for generating sets of special points in the Brillouin zone which provides an efficient means of integrating periodic functions of the wave vector is given, where the integration can be over the entire zone or over specified portions thereof.
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Self-Consistent Equations Including Exchange and Correlation Effects
Walter Kohn,L. J. Sham +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the Hartree and Hartree-Fock equations are applied to a uniform electron gas, where the exchange and correlation portions of the chemical potential of the gas are used as additional effective potentials.
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Preliminary reference earth model
TL;DR: In this paper, a large data set consisting of about 1000 normal mode periods, 500 summary travel time observations, 100 normal mode Q values, mass and moment of inertia have been inverted to obtain the radial distribution of elastic properties, Q values and density in the Earth's interior.
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Phonons and related crystal properties from density-functional perturbation theory
TL;DR: In this paper, the current status of lattice-dynamical calculations in crystals, using density-functional perturbation theory, with emphasis on the plane-wave pseudopotential method, is reviewed.