The origin of urinary aromatic compounds excreted by ruminants. 2. The metabolism of phenolic cinnamic acids to benzoic acid.
TLDR
It is concluded that rumen microbial metabolism of dietary phenolic cinnamic acids to 3-phenylpropionic acid followed by its absorption and oxidation in the body tissues is responsible for the greater part of the benzoic and cinnic acids found in ruminant urine.Abstract:
1. The extent to which phenolic derivatives of benzoic acid (seven); of phenylacetic acid (one); of 3-phenylpropionic acid (one) and of cinnamic acid (six) served as precursors of the urinary benzoic acid excreted by sheep was determined after administration as continuous drips via rumen or abomasal cannulas. 2. Phenolic derivatives of benzoic or of phenylacetic acid were not dehydroxylated to yield aromatic acids following administration via either route. 3. Rumen infusion of phenolic derivatives of both 3-phenylpropionic and cinnamic acids gave enhanced rumen concentrations of 3-phenylpropionic acid with negligible amounts of benzoic acid. Between 63 and 106% of the 2-, 3- or 4-hydroxy acids, of the 3,4-dihydroxy acids or of the 3-methoxy, 4-hydroxy acids infused were excreted in the urine as benzoic acid and a variable proportion, characteristic of the individual animal, of up to 20% of the dose as cinnamic acid. 4. Abomasal infusion of monohydroxy 3-phenylpropionic and cinnamic acids did not yield urinary benzoic acid increments. However, between 11 and 34% of abomasally-infused disubstituted phenolic cinnamic acids infused were excreted in the urine as benzoic acid due, it is postulated, to entero-hepatic circulation and microbial metabolism of the infused acids in the large intestine. 5. It is concluded that rumen microbial metabolism of dietary phenolic cinnamic acids to 3-phenylpropionic acid followed by its absorption and oxidation in the body tissues is responsible for the greater part of the benzoic and cinnamic acids found in ruminant urine.read more
Citations
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Polyphenols: Chemistry, Dietary Sources, Metabolism, and Nutritional Significance
TL;DR: An overview of the nutritional effects of the main groups of polyphenolic compounds, including their metabolism, effects on nutrient bioavailability, and antioxidant activity, is offered, as well as a brief description of the chemistry ofpolyphenols and their occurrence in plant foods.
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Microbial interactions with tannins: nutritional consequences for ruminants
TL;DR: This paper reviews recent literature on the topic as well as present research from laboratories on the effect of condensed tannins on rumen microbial ecology and rumen metabolism and their impact on the nutrition of the animal.
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Chlorogenic Acid Bioavailability Largely Depends on Its Metabolism by the Gut Microflora in Rats
TL;DR: A high abundance of microbial metabolites shows that the bioavailability of chlorogenic acid depends largely on its metabolism by the gut microflora, and their potential importance in explaining the biological effects of dietary polyphenols is emphasized.
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A review of ammonia emission mitigation techniques for concentrated animal feeding operations
TL;DR: Several approaches have been suggested and evaluated for reducing ammonia emissions from excreted animal manure: reducing nitrogen excretion through dietary manipulation, reducing volatile ammonia in the manure to stop ammonia loss, and segregating urine from faeces to reduce contact between urease and urine.
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Microbial metabolism of caffeic acid and its esters chlorogenic and caftaric acids by human faecal microbiota in vitro
Marie-Paule Gonthier,Christian Rémésy,Augustin Scalbert,Véronique Cheynier,Jean-Marc Souquet,Kaisa Poutanen,Anna-Marja Aura +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the direct action of a human faecal microbiota on the metabolism of caffeic, chlorogenic and caftaric acids in an in vitro fermentation model was investigated.
References
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TL;DR: A claim has been made recently that noradrenaline is converted to m-hydroxyphenylacetic acid in guinea pigs; such a conversion involves not only dehydroxylation in the aromatic nucleus but also in the aliphatic side-chain of nor adrenaline.
Journal ArticleDOI
The origin of urinary aromatic compounds excreted by ruminants 1. The metabolism of quinic, cyclohexanecarboxylic and non-phenolic aromatic acids to benzoic acid
TL;DR: It is concluded that the principal dietary precursors of urinary benzoic acid in ruminants are compounds yielding 3-phenylpropionic acid on microbial fermentation in the rumen.
Journal ArticleDOI
Conjugated compounds in cow's milk
Journal ArticleDOI
A Reappraisal of the Relationship Between Free and Bound Coumarin in Melilotus 1
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