Journal ArticleDOI
The role of oxidative stress in diabetic complications.
TLDR
Recent evidence suggests ROS are also important as second messengers in the regulation of intracellular signaling pathways and, ultimately, gene expression in diabetes.Abstract:
The morbidity and mortality associated with diabetes is the result of the myriad complications related to the disease One of the most explored hypotheses to explain the onset of complications is a hyperglycemia-induced increase in oxidative stress Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by oxidative phosphorylation, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH), xanthine oxidase, the uncoupling of lipoxygenases, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, and glucose autoxidation Once formed, ROS deplete antioxidant defenses, rendering the affected cells and tissues more susceptible to oxidative damage Lipid, DNA, and protein are the cellular targets for oxidation, leading to changes in cellular structure and function Recent evidence suggests ROS are also important as second messengers in the regulation of intracellular signaling pathways and, ultimately, gene expression This review explores the production of ROS and the propagation and consequences of oxidative stress in diabetesread more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease
TL;DR: Attention is focussed on the ROS/RNS-linked pathogenesis of cancer, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, hypertension, ischemia/reperfusion injury, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and ageing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of nanotoxicity: generation of reactive oxygen species.
TL;DR: Critical determinants that can affect the generation of ROS include size, shape, particle surface, surface positive charges, surface-containing groups, particle dissolution, metal ion release from nanometals and nanometal oxides, UV light activation, aggregation, mode of interaction with cells, inflammation, and pH of the medium.
Journal ArticleDOI
Indian Herbs and Herbal Drugs Used for the Treatment of Diabetes
Manisha A. Modak,Priyanjali Dixit,Jayant S. Londhe,Saroj S. Ghaskadbi,Thomas P.A. Devasagayam +4 more
TL;DR: This review focuses on Indian Herbal drugs and plants used in the treatment of diabetes, especially in India, and a list of medicinal plants with proven antidiabetic and related beneficial effects and of herbal drugs used in treatment of Diabetes is compiled.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of reactive oxygen and antioxidant species in periodontal tissue destruction.
Journal ArticleDOI
The signaling mechanism of ROS in tumor progression
TL;DR: Comprehensive understanding of the ROS-triggered signaling transduction, transcriptional activation and regulation of gene expressions will help strengthen the critical role of ROS in tumor progression and devising strategy for chemo-therapeutic interventions.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications
TL;DR: This integrating paradigm provides a new conceptual framework for future research and drug discovery in diabetes-specific microvascular disease and seems to reflect a single hyperglycaemia-induced process of overproduction of superoxide by the mitochondrial electron-transport chain.
Journal ArticleDOI
Caspases: Enemies Within
TL;DR: This work has shown that understanding caspase regulation is intimately linked to the ability to rationally manipulate apoptosis for therapeutic gain.
Journal ArticleDOI
Apoptosis by death factor.
TL;DR: This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture of Japan and by a Research Grant from the Princess Takamatsu Cancer Research Fund, and performed in part through Special Coordination Funds of the Science and Technology Agency of the Japanese Government.
Journal ArticleDOI
Caspases: the executioners of apoptosis
TL;DR: The importance of caspase prodomains in the regulation of apoptosis is further highlighted by the recognition of adapter molecules, such as RAIDD [receptor-interacting protein (RIP)-associated ICH-1/CED-3-homologous protein with a death domain]/CRADD (caspase and RIP adapter with death domain), which binds to the prodomain of cspase-2 and recruits it to the signalling complex.
Journal ArticleDOI
Signal transduction by the JNK group of MAP kinases.
TL;DR: This review will focus on the JNK group of MAP kinases, which are characterized by the sequence TEY and the two stress-activatedMAP kinases: p38 with the sequence TGY, and the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases (JNK) with the sequences TPY.