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The toxic triangle: Destructive leaders, susceptible followers, and conducive environments.

TLDR
In this article, a definition of destructive leadership is proposed, which emphasizes negative outcomes for organizations and individuals linked with and affected by them and outlines the toxic triangle: the characteristics of leaders, followers, and environmental contexts connected with destructive leadership.
Abstract
Destructive leadership entails the negative consequences that result from a confluence of destructive leaders, susceptible followers, and conducive environments. We review how destructive leadership has been discussed in the literature and note that it has not been clearly defined. Building on prior research, we develop a definition of destructive leadership that emphasizes negative outcomes for organizations and individuals linked with and affected by them. Then we outline the toxic triangle: the characteristics of leaders, followers, and environmental contexts connected with destructive leadership. We illustrate the dynamics of the framework using Fidel Castro's career as the dictator of Cuba.

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기독교 사역과 Leadership

유화자
TL;DR: Coaching & Communicating for Performance Coaching and communicating for Performance is a highly interactive program that will give supervisors and managers the opportunity to build skills that will enable them to share expectations and set objectives for employees, provide constructive feedback, more effectively engage in learning conversations, and coaching opportunities as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI

Leadership theory and research in the new millennium: Current theoretical trends and changing perspectives

TL;DR: The authors conducted an extensive qualitative review of leadership theory across 10 top-tier academic publishing outlets that included The Leadership Quarterly, Administrative Science Quarterly, American Psychologist, Journal of Management, Academy of Management Journal, academy of management review, journal of Applied Psychology, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, and Personnel Psychology.
Journal ArticleDOI

Followership theory: A review and research agenda ☆

TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic review of followership literature is provided, and from this review, the authors introduce followership theory into leadership research and identify two theoretical frameworks for followership, one from a role-based approach (reversing the lens) and another from a constructionist approach (the leadership process).
Journal ArticleDOI

How bad are the effects of bad leaders? A meta-analysis of destructive leadership and its outcomes

TL;DR: In this article, a meta-analysis integrates different conceptualizations of destructive leadership and analyzes the relationship between destructive leaders and outcome variables, finding that negative correlations with positive followers' outcomes and behaviors and positive correlations with negative outcomes (e.g., attitudes towards the leader, well-being, and individual performance).
Journal ArticleDOI

Leadership, followership, and evolution: Some lessons from the past.

TL;DR: This article analyzes the topic of leadership from an evolutionary perspective and proposes three conclusions that are not part of mainstream theory that might explain the alienation and frustration of many citizens and employees.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of reward or reinforcement on preceding behavior depend in part on whether the person perceives the reward as contingent on his own behavior or independent of it, and individuals may also differ in generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.
Book

Motivation and Personality

TL;DR: Perspectives on Sexuality Sex Research - an Overview Part 1.
Book

Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind

TL;DR: In this article, the differences in the way strategists and their followers think are discussed, and practical solutions for those in business to help solve conflict between different groups are proposed, with a focus on how to find common problems which demand cooperation for the solution of these problems.
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