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The Uppsala Internationalization Process Model Revisited: From Liability of Foreignness to Liability of Outsidership
Jan Johanson,Jan-Erik Vahlne +1 more
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The Uppsala internationalization process model was revisited in the light of changes in business practices and theoretical advances that have been made since 1977 as mentioned in this paper, and the change mechanisms in the revised model are essentially the same as those in the original version, although they add trust-building and knowledge creation, the latter to recognize the fact that new knowledge is developed in relationships.Abstract:
The Uppsala internationalization process model is revisited in the light of changes in business practices and theoretical advances that have been made since 1977. Now the business environment is viewed as a web of relationships, a network, rather than as a neoclassical market with many independent suppliers and customers. Outsidership, in relation to the relevant network, more than psychic distance, is the root of uncertainty. The change mechanisms in the revised model are essentially the same as those in the original version, although we add trust-building and knowledge creation, the latter to recognize the fact that new knowledge is developed in relationships.read more
Citations
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Internationalisation of business investments in R+D and analysis of their economic impact (BERD Flows)
Eric James Iversen,Bernhard Dach,Bianca Potì,Parimal Patel,Giovanni Cerulli,Raffaele Spallone,Georg Zahradnik,Mark Knell,Thomas Scherngell,Frédérique Lang +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors study the internationalisation of business investments in R&D and analysis of their economic impact, and present an analysis of the economic impact of these investments.
Journal ArticleDOI
From the deliberate managerial strategy towards international business performance: A psychic distance vs. global mindset approach
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Host country experience, institutional distance and location choice of Chinese MNEs: The moderating effect of government official visits
TL;DR: Li et al. as mentioned in this paper investigated how Chinese government official visits to the host country may act as a risk-reduction device, thus providing an explanation for such an unconventional behavior, and found that only high-level government visits reduce institutional distance.
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Rapid internationalization of emerging market firms—The role of geographic diversity and added cultural distance
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine drivers of internationalization speed of emerging market multinational enterprises who have been known to internationalize rapidly, even to culturally distant countries, and propose inverted U-shaped relationships between geographic scope and added cultural distance.
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Absorptive capacity development in Indonesian exporting firms: How do institutions matter?
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify two dimensions of internationalization-related absorptive capacity: international market and international strategic operation, and find that indirect, or second-hand, experience contributes more than the firm's own experience to the development of international market AC.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Absorptive capacity: a new perspective on learning and innovation
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that the ability of a firm to recognize the value of new, external information, assimilate it, and apply it to commercial ends is critical to its innovative capabilities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness
TL;DR: In this article, the extent to which economic action is embedded in structures of social relations, in modern industrial society, is examined, and it is argued that reformist economists who attempt to bring social structure back in do so in the "oversocialized" way criticized by Dennis Wrong.
Posted Content
An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed an evolutionary theory of the capabilities and behavior of business firms operating in a market environment, including both general discussion and the manipulation of specific simulation models consistent with that theory.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Commitment-Trust Theory of Relationship Marketing
Robert Morgan,Shelby D. Hunt +1 more
TL;DR: Relationship marketing, established, developing, and maintaining successful relational exchanges, constitutes a major shift in marketing theory and practice as mentioned in this paper, after conceptualizing relationship relationships as a set of relationships.
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Exploration and Exploitation in Organizational Learning
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the relation between the exploration of new possibilities and the exploitation of old certainties in organizational learning and examine some complications in allocating resources between the two, particularly those introduced by the distribution of costs and benefits across time and space.
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