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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

The Will to Persevere Induced by Electrical Stimulation of the Human Cingulate Gyrus

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TLDR
It is shown that electrical charge delivery in the anterior midcingulate cortex elicits autonomic changes and the expectation of an imminent challenge coupled with a determined attitude to overcome it, and suggests its possible involvement in psychopathological conditions that are characterized by a reduced capacity to endure psychological or physical distress.
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This article is published in Neuron.The article was published on 2013-12-18 and is currently open access. It has received 196 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Anterior cingulate cortex.

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Toward a Rational and Mechanistic Account of Mental Effort.

TL;DR: This review explores recent advances in computational modeling and empirical research aimed at addressing questions at the level of psychological process and neural mechanism, examining both the limitations to mental effort exertion and how the authors manage those limited cognitive resources.
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Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and the value of control

TL;DR: A recent integrative theory proposes that dACC serves to specify the currently optimal allocation of control by determining the overall expected value of control (EVC), thereby licensing the associated cognitive effort.
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Noradrenaline and Dopamine Neurons in the Reward/Effort Trade-Off: A Direct Electrophysiological Comparison in Behaving Monkeys

TL;DR: This work underlines the contribution of dopamine to effort-based decision making and uncovers a specific role of noradrenaline in energizing behavior to face challenges.
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Cognitive effort: A neuroeconomic approach.

TL;DR: It is argued that the most intuitive and epistemologically valuable treatment is in terms of effort-based decision-making, and the benefits of a neuroeconomic research strategy are described, highlighting how it affords greater inferential traction than do traditional markers of cognitive effort.
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Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex: A Bottom-Up View

TL;DR: It is proposed that dACC neurons link contexts with strategies by integrating diverse task-relevant information to create a rich representation of task space and exert high-level and abstract control over decision and action.
References
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Advances in functional and structural MR image analysis and implementation as FSL.

TL;DR: A review of the research carried out by the Analysis Group at the Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB) on the development of new methodologies for the analysis of both structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging data.
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Fast robust automated brain extraction

TL;DR: An automated method for segmenting magnetic resonance head images into brain and non‐brain has been developed and described and examples of results and the results of extensive quantitative testing against “gold‐standard” hand segmentations, and two other popular automated methods.
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A global optimisation method for robust affine registration of brain images

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the use of local optimisation methods together with the standard multi-resolution approach is not sufficient to reliably find the global minimum, so a global optimisation method is proposed that is specifically tailored to this form of registration.
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Segmentation of brain MR images through a hidden Markov random field model and the expectation-maximization algorithm

TL;DR: The authors propose a novel hidden Markov random field (HMRF) model, which is a stochastic process generated by a MRF whose state sequence cannot be observed directly but which can be indirectly estimated through observations.
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