Journal ArticleDOI
Toxins of Bacillus anthracis.
F Brossier,M Mock +1 more
TLDR
Progress in the structure-function relationship of these three proteins, their regulation mechanisms and their roles in pathogenesis and immunoprotection will be exposed.About:
This article is published in Toxicon.The article was published on 2001-11-01. It has received 126 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Anthrax toxin & Bacillus anthracis.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial toxins in sepsis: a brief review
TL;DR: Over the past decade, the understanding of toxins has markedly improved, allowing for new therapeutic strategies to be developed, and this review summarizes some of these toxins and their role in sepsis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impairment of dendritic cells and adaptive immunity by anthrax lethal toxin.
Anshu Agrawal,Jai Lingappa,Stephen H. Leppla,Sudhanshu Agrawal,Abdul Jabbar,Conrad P. Quinn,Bali Pulendran +6 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that LT severely impairs the function of dendritic cells and host immune responses by disrupting the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase intracellular signalling network, and suggest a role for LT in suppressing host immunity during B. anthracis infections.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis Cyt1Aa synergizes Cry11Aa toxin by functioning as a membrane-bound receptor.
Claudia Pérez,Luisa E. Fernandez,Jianguang Sun,Jorge Luis Folch,Sarjeet S. Gill,Mario Soberón,Alejandra Bravo +6 more
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that Cyt1Aa functions as a receptor of Cry11Aa, a highly effective pathogenic bacterium that produces a toxin and also its functional receptor, promoting toxin binding to the target membrane and causing toxicity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent Advances in Transition Metal-Catalyzed Glycosylation
Matthew J. McKay,Hien M. Nguyen +1 more
TL;DR: Recent advancement is highlighted by examining strategies that employ transition metal catalysis in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates, which are mild and effective for constructing glycosidic bonds with reduced levels of waste through utilization of sub-stoichiometric amounts of transition metals.
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Roles of macrophages and neutrophils in the early host response to Bacillus anthracis spores in a mouse model of infection.
TL;DR: The data suggest that neutrophils play a relatively minor role in the early host response to spores, whereas macrophages play a more dominant role in early host defenses against infection by B. anthracis spores.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase: Conservation of a Three-Kinase Module From Yeast to Human
TL;DR: All known MAPK module kinases from yeast to humans are defined, what is known about their regulation, defined MAPK substrates, and the function of MAPK in cell physiology are defined.
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Proteolytic Inactivation of MAP-Kinase-Kinase by Anthrax Lethal Factor
Nicholas S. Duesbery,Craig P. Webb,Stephen H. Leppla,Valery M. Gordon,Kurt Klimpel,Terry D. Copeland,Natalie G. Ahn,M Oskarsson,Kenji Fukasawa,Ken D. Paull,George F. Vande Woude +10 more
TL;DR: It is shown that LF is a protease that cleaves the amino terminus of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases 1 and 2 and that this cleavage inactivates MAPKK1 and inhibits the MAPK signal transduction pathway.
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Anthrax toxin edema factor: a bacterial adenylate cyclase that increases cyclic AMP concentrations of eukaryotic cells.
TL;DR: It is shown here that EF is an adenylate cyclase [ATP pyrophosphate-lyase (cyclizing), EC 4.6.1] produced by Bacillus anthracis in an inactive form and nearly equals that of the most active known cyclase.
Journal ArticleDOI
Crystal structure of the anthrax toxin protective antigen.
TL;DR: A model of pH-dependent membrane insertion involving the formation of a porin-like, membrane-spanning β-barrel is proposed and proposed for use as a general protein delivery system is proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Macrophages are sensitive to anthrax lethal toxin through an acid-dependent process.
TL;DR: It is suggested that anthrax lethal toxin requires passage through an acidic endocytic vesicle in order to exert its toxic effect within the cytosol.