Journal ArticleDOI
Tuberculosis in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Diane V. Havlir,Peter F. Barnes +1 more
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This work summarizes recent developments in pathogenesis, clinical presentation, treatment, and prevention of tuberculosis in HIV-infected persons over the past several years, as well as the effects of new antiretroviral therapies on antituberculosis regimens.Abstract:
Tuberculosis remains an important problem in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the United States, with an estimated 6000 to 9000 new cases annually.1 The case rates are extraordinarily high among indigent patients and substance abusers, and one third of these patients are also infected with HIV.2 Much has been learned about the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, treatment, and prevention of tuberculosis in HIV-infected persons over the past several years. We summarize recent developments in these areas, as well as the effects of new antiretroviral therapies on antituberculosis regimens. HIV Infection and Susceptibility to Tuberculosis HIV-infected persons are at . . .read more
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Tuberculosis: commentary on a reemergent killer.
TL;DR: The economic costs of not adequately addressing the problem of tuberculosis in this country are estimated from an epidemiological model.
Guidelines for preventing the transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in health-care settings, 2005
TL;DR: The threat of MDR TB is decreasing, and the transmission of M. tuberculosis in health-care settings continues to decrease because of implementation of infection-control measures and reductions in community rates of TB.
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Cell-Mediated Immune Responses in Tuberculosis
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An Outbreak of Tuberculosis With Accelerated Progression Among Persons Infected With the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. An Analysis Using Restriction-Fragment-Length Polymorphisms
Charles L. Daley,Peter M. Small,Gisela F. Schecter,Gary K. Schoolnik,Ruth Mcadam,William R. Jacobs,Philip C. Hopewell +6 more
TL;DR: There should be heightened surveillance for tuberculosis in facilities where HIV-infected persons live, and investigation of contacts must be undertaken promptly and be focused more broadly than is usual.
Journal ArticleDOI
Feasibility, diagnostic accuracy, and effectiveness of decentralised use of the Xpert MTB/RIF test for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistance: a multicentre implementation study
Catharina Boehme,Mark P. Nicol,Mark P. Nicol,Pamela Nabeta,Joy Sarojini Michael,Eduardo Gotuzzo,Rasim Tahirli,Ma Tarcela Gler,Robert Blakemore,William Worodria,Christen Gray,Laurence Huang,Tatiana Cáceres,Rafail Mehdiyev,Lawrence Raymond,Andrew Whitelaw,Andrew Whitelaw,Kalaiselvan Sagadevan,Heather Alexander,Heather Alexander,Heidi Albert,Frank Cobelens,Helen M Cox,David Alland,Mark D. Perkins +24 more
TL;DR: The Xpert MTB/RIF test can effectively be used in low-resource settings to simplify patients' access to early and accurate diagnosis, thereby potentially decreasing morbidity associated with diagnostic delay, dropout and mistreatment.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A Prospective Study of the Risk of Tuberculosis among Intravenous Drug Users with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Peter A. Selwyn,Diana Hartel,Victor A. Lewis,Ellie E. Schoenbaum,Sten H. Vermund,Robert S. Klein,Angela T. Walker,Gerald Friedland +7 more
TL;DR: The data suggest that in HIV-infected persons tuberculosis most often results from the reactivation of latent tuberculous infection; these results lend support to recommendations for the aggressive use of chemoprophylaxis against tuberculosis in patients with HIV infection and a positive PPD test.
Journal Article
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Hopkins Dr,Ruiz-Tiben E +1 more
TL;DR: Methods for conducting surveillance of dracunculiasis and other important diseases must continue to be developed and improved as countries now believed to be free of dracanculiasis prepare to apply to WHO for certification of elimination.
Journal ArticleDOI
An Outbreak of Tuberculosis With Accelerated Progression Among Persons Infected With the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. An Analysis Using Restriction-Fragment-Length Polymorphisms
Charles L. Daley,Peter M. Small,Gisela F. Schecter,Gary K. Schoolnik,Ruth Mcadam,William R. Jacobs,Philip C. Hopewell +6 more
TL;DR: There should be heightened surveillance for tuberculosis in facilities where HIV-infected persons live, and investigation of contacts must be undertaken promptly and be focused more broadly than is usual.
Journal Article
Efficacy of various duration of isoniazid preventive therapy for tuberculosis : five years follow-up in the IUAT trial
Journal ArticleDOI
Epidemiology of tuberculosis in the united states
TL;DR: For example, in the US, the incidence of tuberculosis has decreased by approximately 8.3 per 100,000 in the general population, but varied widely among different segments of the population.