Journal ArticleDOI
Ultrasonic waveguide based level measurement using flexural mode F(1,1) in addition to the fundamental modes.
TLDR
By monitoring all three wave modes simultaneously, a more versatile and redundancy in measurements of the fluid level inside critical enclosures of processing industries can be achieved by compensating for changes in the fluid temperature using one mode, while the level is measured using another.Abstract:
This paper reports on an ultrasonic waveguide sensor for liquid level measurements using three guided wave modes simultaneously. The fundamental wave modes longitudinal L(0,1), torsional T(0,1), and flexural F(1,1) were simultaneously transmitted/received in a thin stainless steel wire-like waveguide using a standard shear wave transducer when oriented at an angle of 45° to the axis of the waveguide. Experiments were conducted in non-viscous fluid (water) and viscous fluid (castor oil). It was observed that the flexural F(1,1) wave mode showed a change in both time of flight (due to the change in velocity and dispersion effects) and amplitude (due to leakage) for different levels (0-9 cm) of immersion of the waveguide in a fluid medium. For the same level of immersion in the fluid, the L(0,1) and the T(0,1) modes show only a relatively smaller change in amplitude and no change in time of flight. The experimental results were validated using finite element model studies. The measured change in time of flight and/or the shift in central frequency of F(1,1) was related to the liquid level measurements. Multiple trials show repeatability with a maximum error of 2.5% in level measurement. Also, by monitoring all three wave modes simultaneously, a more versatile and redundancy in measurements of the fluid level inside critical enclosures of processing industries can be achieved by compensating for changes in the fluid temperature using one mode, while the level is measured using another. This ultrasonic waveguide technique will be helpful for remote measurements in physically inaccessible areas in hostile environments.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Experimental Study on Dispersion Effects of F (1,1) Wave Mode on Thin Waveguide When Embedded with Fluid.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report the simultaneous generation of multiple fundamental ultrasonic guided wave modes (L(0, 1, T, 0, 1), and F(1, 1) on a thin wire-like waveguide and its interactions with liquid loading in different attenuation dispersion regimes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Time-frequency characteristics of longitudinal modes in symmetric mode conversion for defect characterization in guided waves-based pipeline inspection
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focused on the interconversion process of axisymmetric modes for incident longitudinal modes when interacting with the defects in pipeline whist ignoring the converted non-axisymmetric modes through suppressing them in reception.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development of ultrasonic waveguide sensor for liquid level measurement in loop system
TL;DR: In this article, an ultrasonic waveguide sensor for measuring fluctuations in a liquid level using leaky longitudinal wave L(0,2) in a coolant loop system was presented.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Phase Shift Based Level Sensing using two guided Wave Mode T (0, 1) and F(1,1) on a thin Waveguide
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel ultrasonic guided wave-based waveguide sensor for liquid level measurement is presented, which is suitable for enhanced level measurement using two wavemodes simultaneously.
Journal ArticleDOI
Single-Element Ultrasonic Transducer for Non-Invasive Measurements
TL;DR: In this article, a simple, passive, single-element ultrasonic transducer is proposed for non-invasive measurements, operating at different resonant modes allows the adaptation of the emitted sound pattern to various requirements.
References
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Simultaneous moduli measurement of elastic materials at elevated temperatures using an ultrasonic waveguide method.
TL;DR: A novel technique for simultaneously measuring the moduli of elastic isotropic material, as a function of temperature, using two ultrasonic guided wave modes that are co-generated using a single probe is presented here.
Journal ArticleDOI
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Ultrasonic Waveguide-Based Multi-Level Temperature Sensor for Confined Space Measurements
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Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement of viscosity of highly viscous non-Newtonian fluids by means of ultrasonic guided waves
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Journal ArticleDOI
Torsional mode ultrasonic helical waveguide sensor for re-configurable temperature measurement
TL;DR: An ultrasonic torsional mode based technique, configured in the form of a helical “spring-like” waveguide, for multi-level temperature measurement is introduced in this article.