Journal ArticleDOI
Vertical Profiles Of Methanogenesis And Methanogens In Two Contrasting Acidic Peatlands In Central New York State, USA
Hinsby Cadillo-Quiroz,Suzanna L. Bräuer,Erika Yashiro,Christine L. Sun,Joseph B. Yavitt,Stephen H. Zinder +5 more
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TLDR
Northern acidic peatlands are important sources of atmospheric methane, yet the methanogens in them are poorly characterized, and examined methanogenic activities and methanogen populations at different depths in twoPeatlands, McLean bog and Chicago bog, finding further evidence for the associations of most organisms in this group with acidic habitats.Abstract:
Northern acidic peatlands are important sources of atmospheric methane, yet the methanogens in them are poorly characterized. We examined methanogenic activities and methanogen populations at different depths in two peatlands, McLean bog (MB) and Chicago bog (CB). Both have acidic (pH 3.5-4.5) peat soils, but the pH of the deeper layers of CB is near-neutral, reflecting its previous existence as a neutral-pH fen. Acetotrophic and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis could be stimulated in upper samples from both bogs, and phylotypes of methanogens using H2/CO2 (Methanomicrobiales) or acetate (Methanosarcinales) were identified in 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analyses using a novel primer/restriction enzyme set that we developed. Particularly dominant in the upper layers was a clade in the Methanomicrobiales, called E2 here and the R10 or fen group elsewhere, estimated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction to be present at approximately 10(8) cells per gram of dry peat. Methanogenic activity was considerably lower in deeper samples from both bogs. The methanogen populations detected by T-RFLP in deeper portions of MB were mainly E2 and the uncultured euryarchaeal rice cluster (RC)-II group, whereas populations in the less acidic CB deep layers were considerably different, and included a Methanomicrobiales clade we call E1-E1', as well as RC-I, RC-II, marine benthic group D, and a new cluster that we call the subaqueous cluster. E2 was barely detectable in the deeper samples from CB, further evidence for the associations of most organisms in this group with acidic habitats.read more
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Methane emissions from wetlands: biogeochemical, microbial, and modeling perspectives from local to global scales
TL;DR: An up-to-date synthesis of estimates of global CH4 emissions from wetlands and other freshwater aquatic ecosystems is provided, major biogeophysical controls over CH4 emitters from wetlands are summarized, new frontiers in CH4 biogeochemistry are suggested, and relationships between methanogen community structure and CH4 dynamics in situ are examined.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phylogenetic Comparison of the Methanogenic Communities from an Acidic, Oligotrophic Fen and an Anaerobic Digester Treating Municipal Wastewater Sludge
Lisa M. Steinberg,John M. Regan +1 more
TL;DR: To investigate the hypothesis that these two disparate environments have distinct methanogenic communities, the methanogens in an oligotrophic acidic fen and a mesophilic anaerobic digester treating municipal wastewater sludge were characterized by creating clone libraries for the 16S rRNA and methyl coenzyme M reductase alpha subunit (mcrA) genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effects of chronic nitrogen fertilization on alpine tundra soil microbial communities: implications for carbon and nitrogen cycling
Diana R. Nemergut,Alan R. Townsend,Sarah R. Sattin,Kristen R. Freeman,Noah Fierer,Jason C. Neff,William D. Bowman,Christopher W. Schadt,Michael N. Weintraub,Steven K. Schmidt +9 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that chronic N fertilization induces significant shifts in soil carbon dynamics that correspond to shifts in microbial community structure and function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Abundance and Diversity of Bacterial, Archaeal, and Fungal Communities Along an Altitudinal Gradient in Alpine Forest Soils: What Are the Driving Factors?
José A. Siles,Rosa Margesin +1 more
TL;DR: Investigating soil archaeal, bacterial, and fungal communities at four Alpine forest sites representing a climosequence regarding abundance and diversity by using qPCR and Illumina sequencing found the site at the lowest altitude harbored the highest bacterial richness and diversity, although richness/diversity community properties did not show a monotonic decrease along the gradient.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nitrate and sulfate: Effective alternative hydrogen sinks for mitigation of ruminal methane production in sheep
S.M. van Zijderveld,Walter J. J. Gerrits,J.A. Apajalahti,J.R. Newbold,Jan Dijkstra,R. A. Leng,H.B. Perdok +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of dietary addition of nitrate and sulfate on enteric methane emissions, rumen volatile fatty acid concentrations, and the occurrence of methemoglobinemia was assessed.
References
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ARB: a software environment for sequence data
Wolfgang Ludwig,Oliver Strunk,Ralf Westram,Lothar Richter,Harald Meier,Yadhukumar,Arno Buchner,Tina Lai,Susanne Steppi,Gangolf Jobb,Wolfram Förster,Igor Brettske,Stefan Gerber,Anton W. Ginhart,Oliver Gross,Silke Grumann,Stefan Hermann,Ralf Jost,Andreas König,Thomas Liss,Ralph Lüßmann,Michael May,Björn Nonhoff,Boris Reichel,Robert Strehlow,Alexandros Stamatakis,Norbert Stuckmann,Alexander Vilbig,Michael Lenke,Thomas Ludwig,Arndt Bode,Karl-Heinz Schleifer +31 more
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Review and re-analysis of domain-specific 16S primers
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Review and re-analysis of domain-specific 16S primers (Review article)
TL;DR: In this article, the specificity of commonly used 16S rRNA gene primers was evaluated and two new primers were designed for effective 'universal' Archaeal16S rDNA sequence amplification.
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