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Journal ArticleDOI

Voltage Sensing Using an Asynchronous Charge-to-Digital Converter for Energy-Autonomous Environments

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TLDR
This paper describes an autonomous reference-free voltage sensor designed using an asynchronous counter powered by the charge on a capacitor and a small controller and the voltage information is directly generated as a digital code.
Abstract
In future systems with relatively unreliable and unpredictable energy sources such as harvesters, the system power supply may become non-deterministic. For energy effective operations, Vdd is an important parameter in any meaningful system control mechanism. Reliable and accurate on-chip voltage sensors are therefore indispensible for the power and computation management of such systems. Existing voltage sensing methods are not suitable because they usually require a stable and known reference (voltage, current, time, frequency, etc.), which is difficult to obtain in this environment. This paper describes an autonomous reference-free voltage sensor designed using an asynchronous counter powered by the charge on a capacitor and a small controller. Unlike existing methods, the voltage information is directly generated as a digital code. The sensor, fabricated in the 180 nm technology node, was tested successfully through performing measurements over the voltage range from 1.8 V down to 0.8 V.

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Citations
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Proceedings ArticleDOI

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All Digital Energy Sensing for Minimum Energy Tracking

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Proceedings ArticleDOI

A fixed window Level Crossing ADC with activity dependent power dissipation

TL;DR: A 10 bit fixed window asynchronous Level Crossing ADC that exhibits a power consumption profile proportional to its input signal's rate of change, designed and simulated in a 0.35μm technology process.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Self-powered signal processing using vibration-based power generation

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors demonstrate the feasibility of operating a digital system from power generated by vibrations in its environment, using a moving coil electromagnetic transducer as a power generator.
Book

Energy Scavenging for Wireless Sensor Networks: with Special Focus on Vibrations

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an analytical model of a piezoelectric generator with an inplane gap closing converter for V2E power conversion, which is based on the basic dynamic model of the generator's bimorph mounted as a cantilever.
Journal ArticleDOI

A 180-mV subthreshold FFT processor using a minimum energy design methodology

TL;DR: New subthreshold logic and memory design methodologies are developed and demonstrated on a fast Fourier transform (FFT) processor that is designed to investigate the estimated minimum energy point.
Journal ArticleDOI

A 10-bit 100-MS/s Reference-Free SAR ADC in 90 nm CMOS

TL;DR: The scheme achieves high-speed and low-power operation thanks to the reference-free technique that avoids the static power dissipation of an on-chip reference generator and the use of a common-mode based charge recovery switching method reduces the switching energy and improves the conversion linearity.
Journal ArticleDOI

Remotely powered addressable UHF RFID integrated system

TL;DR: This paper presents a fully integrated remotely powered and addressable radio frequency identification (RFID) transponder working at 2.45 GHz with state-of-the-art rectifier design achieving 37% of global efficiency.
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