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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

XTRACT - Standardised protocols for automated tractography in the human and macaque brain.

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TLDR
A new software package with a library of standardised tractography protocols devised for the robust automated extraction of white matter tracts both in the human and the macaque brain, demonstrating that these protocols are robust against data quality, generalisable across two species and reflect the known anatomy.
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This article is published in NeuroImage.The article was published on 2020-08-15 and is currently open access. It has received 130 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Tractography & Diffusion MRI.

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Long-term microstructure and cerebral blood flow changes in patients recovered from COVID-19 without neurological manifestations.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors investigated changes in gray matter morphometry, cerebral blood flow (CBF), and white matter (WM) microstructure using MRI, and the relationship between brain imaging measurements and inflammation markers was further analyzed.
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Using GPUs to accelerate computational diffusion MRI: From microstructure estimation to tractography and connectomes.

TL;DR: Two different frameworks for accelerating dMRI computations using GPUs are presented, a generic and flexible parallel framework for microstructure modelling on GPUs and also a framework for performing probabilistic tractography and generating connectomes on GPUs.
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The Human Connectome Project: A retrospective.

TL;DR: The Human Connectome Project (HCP) was launched in 2010 as an ambitious effort to accelerate advances in human neuroimaging, particularly for measures of brain connectivity; apply these advances to study a large number of healthy young adults; and freely share the data and tools with the scientific community as mentioned in this paper.
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Shape analysis of the human association pathways.

TL;DR: Shape analysis was used to derive length, area, volume, and shape metrics from diffusion MRI tractography and utilized them to study the morphology of human association pathways to show that the overall layout of the association pathways does not variate a lot across subjects, as shown by low between-subject variation.
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Brain connections derived from diffusion MRI tractography can be highly anatomically accurate-if we know where white matter pathways start, where they end, and where they do not go.

TL;DR: It is shown that it is possible to achieve a high sensitivity and high specificity simultaneously, and concluded that current tractography algorithms, in combination with anatomically driven constraints, can result in reconstructions which very accurately reflect the ground truth white matter connections.
References
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The WU-Minn Human Connectome Project: An Overview

TL;DR: Progress made during the first half of the Human Connectome Project project in refining the methods for data acquisition and analysis provides grounds for optimism that the HCP datasets and associated methods and software will become increasingly valuable resources for characterizing human brain connectivity and function, their relationship to behavior, and their heritability and genetic underpinnings.
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The minimal preprocessing pipelines for the Human Connectome Project.

TL;DR: The minimal preprocessing pipelines for structural, functional, and diffusion MRI that were developed by the HCP to accomplish many low level tasks, including spatial artifact/distortion removal, surface generation, cross-modal registration, and alignment to standard space are described.
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A multi-modal parcellation of human cerebral cortex

TL;DR: Using multi-modal magnetic resonance images from the Human Connectome Project and an objective semi-automated neuroanatomical approach, 180 areas per hemisphere are delineated bounded by sharp changes in cortical architecture, function, connectivity, and/or topography in a precisely aligned group average of 210 healthy young adults.
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Probabilistic diffusion tractography with multiple fibre orientations: What can we gain?

TL;DR: It is shown that multi-fibre tractography offers significant advantages in sensitivity when tracking non-dominant fibre populations, but does not dramatically change tractography results for the dominant pathways.
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