Showing papers in "NeuroImage in 2013"

TL;DR: Progress made during the first half of the Human Connectome Project project in refining the methods for data acquisition and analysis provides grounds for optimism that the HCP datasets and associated methods and software will become increasingly valuable resources for characterizing human brain connectivity and function, their relationship to behavior, and their heritability and genetic underpinnings.

TL;DR: The minimal preprocessing pipelines for structural, functional, and diffusion MRI that were developed by the HCP to accomplish many low level tasks, including spatial artifact/distortion removal, surface generation, cross-modal registration, and alignment to standard space are described.

TL;DR: Emerging evidence suggests that dynamic FC metrics may index changes in macroscopic neural activity patterns underlying critical aspects of cognition and behavior, though limitations with regard to analysis and interpretation remain.

TL;DR: The physics of DW-MRI is reviewed, currently preferred methodology is indicated, and the limits of interpretation of its results are explained, with a list of 'Do's and Don'ts' which define good practice in this expanding area of imaging neuroscience.

TL;DR: A quantitative, coordinate-based meta-analysis of 206 published fMRI studies investigating neural correlates of SV identifies two general patterns of SV-correlated brain responses, which appear to constitute a "valuation system," carrying a domain-general SV signal and potentially contributing to value-based decision making.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the effect of motion on rsfc-MRI can be substantially attenuated through improved preprocessing procedures, but not completely removed.

TL;DR: The work behind, and rationale for, decisions taken regarding the rfMRI data acquisition protocol and pre-processing pipelines are outlined, and some initial results showing data quality and example functional connectivity analyses are presented.

TL;DR: A comprehensive voxel-based examination of the impact of motion on the BOLD signal suggests that positive relationships may reflect neural origins of motion while negative relationships are likely to originate from motion artifact.

TL;DR: The logic and rationale behind the development of the behavioral, individual difference, and tfMRI batteries are described and preliminary data on the patterns of activation associated with each of the fMRI tasks are provided, at both group and individual levels.

TL;DR: This overview of the Human Connectome Project focuses on diffusion MRI (dMRI) and the structural connectivity aspect of the project, and presents recent advances in acquisition and processing that allow for very high-quality in-vivo MRI data, whilst enabling scanning of a very large number of subjects.

TL;DR: Three atlases at the 100-, 200- and 300-parcellation levels derived from 79 healthy normal volunteers are made freely available online along with tools to interface this atlas with SPM, BioImage Suite and other analysis packages.

TL;DR: Technical improvements and optimization of these methods as well as instrumental choices that impact speed of acquisition of fMRI and dMRI images at 3T are described, leading to whole brain coverage with 2 mm isotropic resolution fMRI data for tractography analysis with three-fold reduction in total dMRI data acquisition time.

TL;DR: The notion that brain connectivity can be abstracted to a graph of nodes, representing neural elements linked by edges, representing some measure of structural, functional or causal interaction between nodes, brings connectomic data into the realm of graph theory.

TL;DR: Reliability and similarity of resting-state functional connectivity can be greatly improved by increasing the scan lengths, and that both the increase in the number of volumes as well as the length of time over which these volumes was acquired drove this increase in reliability.

TL;DR: The origins of the BOLD signal in terms of MR physics and cerebral physiology are described and two classes of techniques to remove confounds from resting-state BOLD time series are reviewed.

TL;DR: This manuscript aims at making recommendations for a number of important data acquisition and data analysis steps and suggests details that should be specified in manuscripts reporting MEG studies, in order to facilitate interpretation and reproduction of the results.

TL;DR: New methods in diffusion MRI, particularly those that aim to characterise and compare the structural connectivity of the brain, should benefit from the improved accuracy of the reconstruction, by selectively filtering out streamlines from the tractogram in a manner that improves the fit between the streamline reconstruction and the underlying diffusion images.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided that the effects of head motion and other nuisance signals are poorly controlled when the fMRI time series are bandpass-filtered but the regressors are unfiltered, resulting in the inadvertent reintroduction of nuisance-related variation into frequencies previously suppressed by the bandpass filter.

TL;DR: The Human Connectome Project is to address limiting factors by re-engineering the scanner from the ground up to optimize the high b-value, high angular resolution diffusion imaging needed for sensitive and accurate mapping of the brain's structural connections by implementing a novel 4-port drive geometry and optimizing size and linearity for the brain.

TL;DR: A bilateral cortical–subcortical network consistently underlying motor learning across tasks is identified and the highly consistent activation of the left dorsal premotor cortex suggests it is a critical node in the motor learning network.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that slice acceleration factors of up to eight with blipped controlled aliasing in parallel imaging (CAIPI), in the absence of in-plane accelerations, can be used routinely with acceptable image quality and integrity for whole brain imaging.

TL;DR: A new fully automated method that allows for measurement of cortical thickness and reconstructions of the central surface of the brain cortex in one step and introduces a validation framework using spherical and brain phantoms that confirms accurate CS construction and cortical thickness measurement under a wide set of parameters for several thickness levels.

TL;DR: Inspired by these findings and seeking a highly reliable approach to exploratory analysis of the human functional connectome, an R-fMRI pipeline is established to conduct ReHo computations in both 3-dimensions (volume) and 2-Dimensions (surface).

TL;DR: A data-driven approach based on principal component analysis (PCA) is proposed to reveal hidden patterns of coherent FC dynamics across multiple subjects and reveal novel insights into brain connectivity dynamics and their modulation in a neurodegenerative disease.

TL;DR: If proper weighting strategies are applied, the weighted linear least squares approach shows high performance characteristics in terms of accuracy/precision and may even be preferred over nonlinear estimation methods.

TL;DR: A multi-modality classification framework in which manifolds are constructed based on pairwise similarity measures derived from random forest classifiers that out-performs the classification based on any individual modality for comparisons between Alzheimer's disease patients and healthy controls, as well as between mild cognitive impairment patients andhealthy controls.

TL;DR: Regression analysis between magnetic susceptibility and R(2)(*) values of WM and GM structures suggested that variations in myelin content cause the overall contrast between gray and white matter on susceptibility maps and that both R( 2)(*) and susceptibility values provide linear measures for iron content in GM.

TL;DR: This review summarizes progress in the field, introduces current debates, elucidates open questions, and offers viewpoints derived from the conference on real time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback.

TL;DR: In this article, a High-Definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) scalp montage with a 4×-1-Ring electrode configuration was used to assess the magnitude and spread of cortical electric fields in human transcranial stimulation.

TL;DR: The present work draws upon standardization approaches commonly used in the microarray gene expression literature, and to a lesser extent recent imaging studies, and compares them with respect to their impact on relationships between common fMRI measures and nuisance variables, as well as phenotypic variables of interest.