Showing papers on "Critical micelle concentration published in 1988"
Book•
01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the chemistry of Surfactants in Solution: Micellization and Related Association Phenomena, as well as their applications in solubilization, microemulsions, and micellar Catalysis.
Abstract: Preface to the Third Edition. Chapter 1. An Overview of Surfactant Science and Technology. 1.1. A Brief History of Surfactant Science and Technology. 1.2. The Economic Importance of Surfactants. 1.3. Some Traditional and Non-Traditional Applications of Surfactants. 1.3.1. Detergents and Cleaners. 1.3.2. Cosmetics and Personal Care Products. 1.3.3. Textiles and fibers. 1.3.4. Leather and furs. 1.3.5. Paints, Lacquers and Other Coating Products. 1.3.6. Paper and Cellulose Products. 1.3.7. Mining and Ore Flotation. 1.3.8. Metal Processing Industries. 1.3.9. Plant Protection and Pest Control. 1.3.10. Foods and Food Packaging. 1.3.11. The Chemical Industry. 1.3.12. Oilfields Chemicals and Petroleum Production. 1.3.13. Plastics and Composite Materials. 1.3.14. Pharmaceuticals. 1.3.15. Medicine and Biochemical Research. 1.3.16. Other "Hi-Tech" Areas. 1.4. Surfactant Consumption. 1.5. The Economic and Technological Future. 1.6. Surfactants In the Environment. 1.7. Petrochemical vs. "Renewable" Oleochemical-based Surfactants. 1.8. A Surfactant Glossary. Chapter 2. The Organic Chemistry of Surfactants. 2.1. Basic Surfactant Building Blocks. 2.1.1. Basic Surfactant Classifications. 2.1.2. Making A Choice. 2.2. The Generic Anatomy of Surfactants. 2.2.1. The Many Faces of Dodecane. 2.2.2. Surfactant Solubilizing Groups. 2.2.3. Common Surfactant Hydrophobic Groups. 2.2.3.1. The Natural Fatty Acids. 2.2.3.2. Saturated Hydrocarbons or Paraffins. 2.2.3.3. Olefins. 2.2.3.4. Alkyl benzenes. 2.2.3.5. Alcohols. 2.2.3.6. Alkyl phenols. 2.2.3.7. Polyoxypropylenes. 2.2.3.8. Fluorocarbons. 2.2.3.9. Silicone Surfactants. 2.2.3.10. Miscellaneous Biological Structures. 2.3. The Systematic Classification of Surfactants. 2.4. Anionic Surfactants. 2.4.1. Sulfate Esters. 2.4.1.1. Fatty Alcohol Sulfates. 2.4.1.2. Sulfated Fatty Acid Condensation Products. 2.4.1.3. Sulfated Ethers. 2.4.1.4. Sulfated Fats and Oils. 2.4.2. Sulfonic Acid Salts. 2.4.2.1. Aliphatic Sulfonates. 2.4.2.2. Alkylaryl Sulfonates. 2.4.2.3. a-Sulfocarboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives. 2.4.2.4. Miscellaneous Sulfo-Ester and Amide Surfactants. 2.4.2.5. Alkyl Glyceryl Ether Sulfonates. 2.4.2.6. Lignin sulfonates. 2.4.3. Carboxylate Soaps and Detergents. 2.4.4. Phosphoric Acid Esters and Related Surfactants. 2.5. Cationic Surfactants. 2.6. Nonionic Surfactants. 2.6.1. Polyoxyethylene-Based Surfactants. 2.6.2. Derivatives of Polyglycerols and Other Polyols. 2.6.3. Block Copolymer Nonionic Surfactants. 2.6.4. Miscellaneous Nonionic Surfactants. 2.7. Amphoteric Surfactants. 2.7.1. Imidazoline Derivatives. 2.7.2. Surface Active Betaines and Sulfobetaines. 2.7.3. Phosphatides and Related Amphoteric Surfactants. Problems. Chapter 3. Fluid Surfaces and Interfaces. 3.1. Molecules At Interfaces. 3.2. Interfaces and Adsorption Phenomena. 3.2.1. A Thermodynamic Picture of Adsorption. 3.2.2. Surface and Interfacial Tensions. 3.2.3. The Effect of Surface Curvature. 3.3. The Surface Tension of Solutions. 3.3.1. Surfactants and the Reduction of Surface Tension. 3.3.2. Efficiency, Effectiveness, and Surfactant Structure. Problems. Chapter 4. Surfactants in Solution: Monolayers and Micelles. 4.1. Surfactant Solubility. 4.2. The Phase Spectrum of Surfactants In Solution. 4.3. The History and Development of Micellar Theory. 4.3.1. Manifestations of Micelle Formations. 4.3.2. Thermodynamics of Dilute Surfactant Solutions. 4.3.3. Classical Theories of Micelle Formation. 4.3.4. Free Energy of Micellization. 4.4. Molecular Geometry and the Formation of Association Colloids. 4.5. Experimental Observations of Micellar Systems. 4.5.1. Micellar Aggregation Numbers. 4.5.2. The Critical Micelle Concentration. 4.5.3. The Hydrophobic Group. 4.5.4. The Hydrophilic Group. 4.5.5. Counter-ion Effects on Micellization. 4.5.6. The Effects of Additives On the Micellization Process. 4.5.6.1. Electrolyte Effects on Micelle Formation. 4.5.6.2. The Effect of pH. 4.5.6.3. The Effects of Added Organic Materials. 4.5.7. The Effect of Temperature On Micellization. 4.6. Micelle Formation In Mixed Surfactant Systems. 4.7. Micelle Formation In Nonaqueous Media. 4.7.1. Aggregation in Polar Organic Solvents. 4.7.2. Micelles in Nonpolar Solvents. Problems. Chapter 5. Higher Level Surfactant Aggregate Structures: Liquid Crystals, Continuous Bi-phases, and Microemulsions. 5.1. The Importance of Surfactant Phase Information. 5.2. Amphiphilic Fluids. 5.2.1. Liquid Crystalline, Bicontinuous, and Microemulsion Structures. 5.2.2. "Classical" Liquid Crystals. 5.2.3. Liquid Crystalline Phases in Simple Binary Systems. 5.3. Temperature and Additive Effects on Phase Behavior. 5.4. Some Current Theoretical Analyses of Novel Mesophases. 5.5. Vesicles and Bilayer Membranes. 5.5.1. Vesicles. 5.5.2. Polymerized Vesicles. 5.6. Biological Membranes. 5.6.1. Some Biological Implications of Mesophases. 5.6.2. Membrane Surfactants and Lipids. 5.7. Microemulsions. 5.7.1. Surfactants, Co-surfactants, and Microemulsion Formation. 5.7.1.1. Ionic Surfactant Systems. 5.7.1.2. Nonionic Surfactant Systems. 5.7.2. Applications. Problems. Chapter 6. Solubilization and Micellar and Phase Transfer Catalysis. 6.1. Solubilization In Surfactants Micelles. 6.1.1. The "Geography" of Solubilization in Micelles. 6.1.2. Surfactant Structure and the Solubilization Process. 6.1.3. Solubilization and the Nature of the Additive. 6.1.4. The Effect of Temperature on Solubilization Phenomena. 6.1.5. The Effects of Non-electrolyte Solutes. 6.1.6. The Effects of Added Electrolyte. 6.1.7. Miscellaneous Factors Affecting Solubilization. 6.2. Micellar Catalysis. 6.2.1. Micellar Catalysis in Aqueous Solution. 6.2.2. Micellar Catalysis in Nonaqueous Solvents. 6.3. Phase Transfer Catalysis. 6.3.1. Cross-phase Reactions. 6.3.2. Some Examples of PTC Applications. 6.3.2.1. Alkylnitrile Synthesis. 6.3.2.2. Dihalocyclopropanes. 6.3.3. Some Notes on the Use of PTC. 6.3.4. Some Requirements for a Successful PTC Reaction. Problems. Chapter 7. Polymeric Surfactants and Surfactant-Polymer Interactions. 7.1. Polymeric Surfactants and Amphiphiles. 7.2. Some Basic Chemistry of Polymeric Surfactant Synthesis. 7.2.1. The Modification of Natural Cellulosics, Gums, and Proteins. 7.2.2. Synthetic Polymeric Surfactants. 7.3. Polymeric Surfactants at Interfaces: Structure & Methodology. 7.4. The Interactions of "Normal" Surfactants with Polymers. 7.4.1. Surfactant-Polymer Complex Formation. 7.4.2. Nonionic Polymers. 7.4.3. Ionic Polymers and Proteins. 7.5. Polymers, Surfactants, and Solubilization. 7.6. Surfactant-Polymer Interactions in Emulsion Polymerization. Problems. Chapter 8. Foams and Liquid Aerosols. 8.1. The Physical Basis for Foam Formation. 8.2. The Role of Surfactant in Foams. 8.2.1. Foam Formation and Surfactant Structure. 8.2.2. Amphiphilic Mesophases and Foam Stability. 8.2.3. The Effects of Additives on Surfactant Foaming Properties. 8.3. Foam Inhibition. 8.4. Chemical Structures of Antifoaming Agents. 8.5. A Summary of the Foaming and Antifoaming Activity of Additives. 8.6. The Spreading Coefficient. 8.7. Liquid Aerosols. 8.7.1. The Formation of Liquid Aerosols. 8.7.1.1. Spraying and Related Mechanisms of Mist and Fog Formation. 8.7.1.2. Nozzle Atomization. 8.7.1.3. Rotary Atomization. 8.7.2. Aerosol Formation by Condensation. 8.7.3. Colloidal Properties of Aerosols. 8.7.3.1. The Dynamics of Aerosol Movement. 8.7.3.2.Colloidal Interactions in Aerosols. Problems. Chapter 9. Emulsions. 9.1. The Liquid/Liquid Interface. 9.2. General Considerations of Emulsion Stability. 9.2.1. The Lifetimes of Typical Emulsions. 9.2.2. Theories of Emulsion Stability. 9.3. Emulsion Type and the Nature of the Surfactant. 9.4. Surface Activity and Emulsion Stability. 9.5. Mixed Surfactant Systems and Interfacial Complexes. 9.6. Amphiphile Mesophases and Emulsion Stability. 9.7. Surfactant Structure and Emulsion Stability. 9.7.1. The Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance (HLB). 9.7.2. Phase Inversion Temperature (PIT). 9.7.3. Application of HLB and PIT in Emulsion Formulation. 9.7.4. The Effects of Additives on the "Effective" HLB of Surfactants. 9.8. Multiple Emulsions. 9.8.1. Nomenclature for Multiple Emulsions. 9.8.2. Preparation and Stability of Multiple Emulsions. 9.8.3. Pathways for Primary Emulsion Breakdown. 9.8.4. The Surfactants and Phase Components. Problems. Chapter 10. Solid Surfaces and Dispersions. 10.1. The Nature of Solid Surfaces. 10.2. Liquid versus Solid Surfaces. 10.3. Adsorption At the Solid/Liquid Interface. 10.3.1. Adsorption Isotherms. 10.3.2. Mechanisms of Surfactant Adsorption. 10.3.2.1. Dispersion Forces. 10.3.2.2. Polarization and Dipolar Interactions. 10.3.2.3. Electrostatic Interactions. 10.3. The Electrical Double Layer. 10.4. The Mechanics of Surfactant Adsorption. 10.4.1. Adsorption and the Nature of the Adsorbent Surface. 10.4.2. Nonpolar, Hydrophobic Surfaces. 10.4.3. Polar, Uncharged Surfaces. 10.4.4. Surfaces Having Discrete Electrical Charges. 10.5. Surfactant Structure and Adsorption from Solution. 10.5.1. Surfaces Possessing Strong Charge Sites. 10.5.2. Adsorption by Uncharged, Polar Surfaces. 10.5.3. Surfactants at Nonpolar, Hydrophobic Surfaces. 10.6. Surfactant Adsorption and the Character of Solid Surfaces. 10.7. Wetting and Related Phenomena. 10.7.1. Surfactant Manipulation of the Wetting Process. 10.7.2. Some Practical Examples of Wetting Control By Surfactants. 10.7.3. Detergency and Soil Removal. 10.7.4. The Cleaning Process. 10.7.5. Soil Types. 10.7.6. Solid Soil Removal. 10.7.7. Liquid Soil Removal. 10.7.8. Soil Re-deposition. 10.7.9. Correlations of Surfactant Structure and Detergency. 10.7.10. Nonaqueous Cleaning Solutions. 10.8. Enhanced Oil Recovery. 10.9. Suspensions and Dispersions. Problems. Bibliography. Index.
1,255 citations
136 citations
111 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of ethanol on the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of several surfactant aqueous solutions has been studied by surface tension methods, and the results show that with increasing alcohol concentration the CMC values first reach a minimum at an intermediate ethanol mole fraction x2* ≈ 0.055 and then increase with increasing x2.
108 citations
TL;DR: The apparent agreement of bilayer and micellar ion binding parameters raises an important challenge for theories of double-layer interactions.
104 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the mass-action model was applied to calculate the aggregation number n of C8E4 micelles in the presence of 0.1 mol kg−1 KCl at 25 °C.
Abstract: Calorimetric measurements have been made of the differential enthalpies of solution in water of liquid n-octyl tetraoxyethylene glycol monoether C8E4 and Triton X-100, as function of concentration, at three different temperatures. Experiments have also been carried out with C8E4 dissolved in 0.1 mol kg–1 KCl at 25 °C. Enthalpies of solution of monomers at infinite dilution and micelles at the c.m.c., respectively, were calculated and enthalpies of micelle formation have been derived. Heat-capacity changes for dissolution and for micelle formation were calculated from the temperature variation of the solution enthalpies. The aggregation number n of C8E4 micelles has been derived from the calorimetric titration experiments by applying the mass-action model to micelle formation. At 25 °C a value of n= 23 is found which is compatible with the formation of small spherical micelles with a radius equal to the length of the extended n-octyl chain. There are no indications of micellar growth from the calorimetric results as the liquid–liquid phase boundary is approached in the C8E4–water system. The presence of 0.1 mol kg–1 KCl had no significant effect on the enthalpies of solution and micelle formation of C8E4 and had no detectable influence on the aggregation number.
78 citations
58 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the mass action model was applied to micelle formation of an ionic surfactant in aqueous solution, and a method was developed to evaluate the micellization constant, the micelle aggregation number, and the number of counterions per micelle from the bulk concentrations of surfactants ion and/or counterion at definite quantities, where the monodispersity of micelles was assumed.
57 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) data of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) ionic micellar solutions were analyzed taking into account the effect of size polydispersity on the particle form factor.
Abstract: The authors analyze small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) data of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) ionic micellar solutions taking into account the effect of size polydispersity on the particle form factor. The intermicellar structure factor is computed by a generalized one-component macroion theory (GOCM) assuming a constant fractional charge. The model fittings to SANS data for different concentrations allow us to extract the free energy parameters of micelle formation and growth, the size distribution function of micelles, and the minimum micelle size which is consistent with the fully stretched hydrocarbon tail lengths of the surfactant molecules. The critical micellar concentration (cmc) is predicted from the free energy parameters correctly. Combining the free energy of micelle formation with the double-layer free energy around the averaged micellar surface calculated by the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation, they obtain the hydrophobic free energy of micellization which is in quantitative agreement with the literature value. These analyses confirm the applicability of the ladder model of micellar growth in salt free ionic micellar solutions at moderate concentrations. The degree of polydispersity in size is about 11% for 2% SDS solution at 40/degrees/C and 17% for 1% AOT at 22.6/degrees/C.
55 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the partition constants for three volatile organic chemicals (VOCs): methylene chloride, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride, between aqueous and surfactant micellar phases were determined using an equilibrium partitioning method.
52 citations
Patent•
30 Aug 1988TL;DR: In this article, a gas flooding process for displacing oil within a reservoir is improved by injections of a surfactant having a composition and concentration correlated with those of the brine used to remain substantially within the water phase of the injected fluid at a concentration below the critical micelle concentration of the surfactants.
Abstract: A gas flooding process for displacing oil within a reservoir is improved by injections of a surfactant having a composition and concentration correlated with those of the brine used to remain substantially within the water phase of the injected fluid at a concentration below the critical micelle concentration of the surfactant.
TL;DR: It is reported that short chain neutral phosphatidylcholines also activate the kinase, and the possible roles of Ca2+ and phospholipid in the activation process are reexamined in light of these unexpected results.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effect of 2-hexadecyl imidazoline and 2hexadecyl imidaxoline on the corrosion of a carbon steel (0.4% C) and showed that a sharp increase in slope was observed at concentrations below the critical micellar concentration.
Abstract: Inhibition of the corrosion of a carbon steel (0.4% C) by 2-hexadecyl imidazoline and 2-hexadecyl imidazole has been evaluated by electrochemical techniques and correlated with surface tension measurements. Plots of inhibitor efficiency versus surfactant concentration produce S-shaped curves which are assumed to represent adsorption isotherms. A sharp increase in slope was observed at concentrations below the critical micellar concentration. This increase in slope is accounted for by changes in conformation of the adsorbed molecules: horizontal orientations (with respect to the surface) at lower concentrations reflecting cathodic behaviour and perpendicular orientations at the higher concentrations reflecting mixed cathodic and anodic behaviour. At increasing concentrations the inhibitory effect remained constant, suggesting complete saturation of the surface in a bilayered arrangement. Electrochemical impedance measurements, carried out for concentrations greater than the critical micellar concentration, corroborate this assumption: the inhibitors form a thick but adherent micellar film which acts as a diffusion barrier.
TL;DR: P pH effects are relevant and should be properly taken into account in the performance and interpretation of experiments with CPZ, suggesting the weakening of polar heads repulsion due to charge decrease.
TL;DR: In this paper, the apparent molar volume and apparent adiabatic compressibility of a rod-like micelle were derived as a function of the concentration of the spherical micelle.
TL;DR: In this article, critical micelle concentrations and the changes in enthalpy, entropy, and free energy that accompany micelle formation of betaine chloride alkyl esters (of the general formula (CH3)3N+CH2COOCnH2n+1Cl−, where n = 10, 12, 14, 16) were determined by means of titration calorimetry in an aqueous solution at 298.16 K.
TL;DR: In this paper, the interaction of styrene-ethylene oxide block copolymers with four anionic surfactants (sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecanoate, SDSS, Naor and Naor) was studied and the viscometric results showed the formation of a polyelectrolyte complex.
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of two nonionic surfactants (hexaethyleneglycol mono n-dodecyl ether, C12E6, and octaethylegneglycol dodecyl acid (C12E8) on the precipitation of Ca(DS)2 have been studied as a function of the concentration of all reacting components.
TL;DR: In this article, the viscoelastic behavior of soluble monolayers of SDS layers was investigated in a high frequency range (∼ 10 KHz) with surface light scattering techniques.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the interaction between Os(bpy)32+ and the surfactants in the presence of SDS, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB).
Abstract: The oxidative electrochemistry and electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of Os(bpy)32+ were studied in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in aqueous solutions. Variation of supporting electrolyte (NaCl) concentration affected the interaction between Os(bpy)32+ and the surfactants. The measurement of oxidation peak current (ipa) and ECL intensity at different NaCl concentrations suggested a strong interaction of Os(bpy)32+ with SDS. Above the critical micelle concentration (cmc) the strong hydrophobic interaction of Os(bpy)32+ and the SDS micelle core greatly suppresses both ipa and the ECL intensity. The interaction of Os(bpy)32+ with CTAB micelle is much weaker because of electrostatic effects. Triton X-100 micelles do not interact with Os(bpy)32+.
TL;DR: In this paper, the thermodynamics of micellization of sodium p -(3-alkyl)benzenesulfonates in water at temperatures from 15 to 70°C have been studied.
01 Oct 1988
TL;DR: In this paper, the conditions for the existence of synergism and negative synergism at the point of maximum synergism in surface tension reduction effectiveness were determined without the assumption that the mole fraction of each surfactant in the surface monolayer at this point, X ∗, is 0.5.
Abstract: In a previous publication (1) from this laboratory, conditions at the point of maximum synergism in surface tension reduction effectiveness (i.e., the point at which the surface tension of the mixture at its critical micelle concentration, γ cmc , is a minimum) were based on the assumption that the mole fraction of each surfactant in the surface monolayer at this point, X ∗ , is 0.5. This is not always true. These conditions can now be determined without this assumption. The conditions for the existence of synergism and negative synergism 1 have also been elucidated.
TL;DR: In this article, viscosity measurements in dilute aqueous solution were performed with two carbohydrate amphiphiles: N-octylgluconamide (C8-GA) and N-decanoyl-N-methylglucamide (10-MGA).
Abstract: In order to follow the process of aggregation, viscosity measurements in dilute aqueous solution were performed with two carbohydrate amphiphiles: (i) N-octylgluconamide (C8-GA) and (ii) N-decanoyl-N-methylglucamide (C10-MGA). Both compounds ten to form a gel on cooling, the former at 65°C, the latter at 10°C. Electron micrographs have shown that the gels are composed of a loose network of thin, regularly twisted helical ropes. By viscosity measurements over a wide range of temperatures and concentrations, typical changes of the reduced viscosity were observed. Results are discussed with respect to the critical micelle concentration (CMC), the Krafft point, i. e. the critical temperature of crystallization (Tc), and the cloud point (Tcp). It is concluded that micellar aggregation to rod-shaped particles, quasi-crystalline aggregation to highly hydrated gels, and crystallization of monomers, the latter mediated by hydrogen bonding, are involved and compete with each other.
TL;DR: The absorption and fluorescence spectra, and the fluorescence lifetime of acridine orange (AO) were measured in a wide range of the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) concentration below and above the critical micelle concentration (cmc).
Abstract: — The absorption and fluorescence spectra, and the fluorescence lifetime of acridine orange (AO) were measured in a wide range of the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) concentration below and above the critical micelle concentration (cmc). The fluorescence consisted of two components with different lifetimes; short ( 3 ns). The short and long lifetime components are attributed to the AO monomer and dimer associated with detergent, respectively. The lifetime of the dimer increased with increasing the SDS concentration just below the cmc. It decreased suddenly to a constant value just above the cmc. The lifetime of the monomer showed only a slight increase in the concentration range of SDS employed.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the effect of water-insoluble and slightly soluble dyes on the composition of nonionic hydrocarbons and fluorocarbon surfactants in micelles through the solubilization characteristics of these dyes.
TL;DR: In this paper, the relation between interdiffusion coefficients and intradiffusion coefficients for associating nonelectrolyte solutes in binary or multicomponent solutions with any number of association equilibria is discussed.
Abstract: Equations have been developed to predict diffusion coefficients and Onsager coefficients for associating nonelectrolyte solutes in binary or multicomponent solutions with any number of association equilibria. The equations are used to interpret previously reported data for binary diffusion with stepwise association of ethanol and N-methylacetamide in carbon tetrachloride solutions. Diffusion of Triton X-100, a non-ionic micelle-forming surfactant, is also analyzed. In contrast to the gradual decrease in the diffusivity caused by stepwise association, formation of micellar aggregates produces a sharp drop in the diffusivity at the critical micelle concentration. The relation between interdiffusion coefficients and intradiffusion coefficients for associating nonelectrolyte solutes is discussed.
TL;DR: Changes in the pyrene excimer/monomer fluorescence emission intensity ratio coincide with the enhancement of phospholipase A2 activity at the critical micellar concentration.
TL;DR: It is concluded that the differences in the time-course of the haemolytic reaction shown by different derivatives are not connected with the occurrence of micelles in the bulk solution, but with the rate of those changes in the membrane molecular organization which precede haenolysis.
TL;DR: In the reaction catalyzed by bovine pancreatic PLA2, Cp-DC8PC behaved differently from DC8PC in that its monomers and micelles showed comparable activities, suggesting that the activity of PLA2 can be regulated by substrate conformation and supports the "substrate conformation model".
TL;DR: The binding of n-octyl glucoside to a range of ten globular proteins in aqueous solution has been measured by equilibrium dialysis and saturation binding to ribonuclease, lysozyme and α-chymotrypsin would be satisfactorily described in terms of a prolate ellipsoidal micelle.