Showing papers on "Diesel generator published in 2002"

Centralised control of diesel gen-sets for peak shaving and system support

Abstract: Diesel generator sets (gen-sets) have traditionally been used for stand-by power generation. They are now often required to operate in parallel with the utility (peak shaving) or alone (peak lopping) to meet the peak demand at the consumer site. These peak shaving/lopping operations can reduce the system peak demand. As these operations are carried out only for a few hundred hours in a year, the gen-set capacity is unused during the remaining periods of the year. Developments in microcomputers and communication technology have enabled the customer-owned gen-sets to be remotely monitored and controlled from a central location. The central control of MW-size gen-sets can enhance their use in supporting the utility generation at critical times. It is shown that central control provides an opportunity for more effective peak shaving. The paper also investigates the use of diesel gen-sets as stand-by reserve for isolated systems and presents a demonstration of central control in which a 100-kVA diesel gen-set is operated from a utility control centre.

Life cycle CO2 emissions of a photovoltaic/wind/diesel generating system

Abstract: A photovoltaic/wind/diesel generating system with a battery (PWD system) is discussed from the viewpoint of total CO2 gas emissions during system lifetime. The total emissions are the sum of the emissions occurring at manufacturing and operating. First, the manufacturing CO2 emissions of the photovoltaic generator and the wind turbine generator are calculated by “the process analysis method.” This method considers the material used in each generator, its weight and its CO2 emission rate. On the other hand, the manufacturing CO2 emissions of the diesel generator and the battery are calculated using “the interindustry (input-output) table.” Second, the PWD system is operated on a computer so that the fuel consumption of the diesel generator is a minimum assuming that hourly series data of electric load, insolation intensity, wind speed, and air temperature are known during the year. And CO2 emissions occurring at system operation are obtained from the annual fuel consumption of the diesel generator. The results show that CO2 total emissions of the PWD system are lower than those of the conventional diesel generator system. The CO2 total emissions reach a minimum when the photovoltaic/wind generating ratio is 50/50. The CO2 emissions of manufacturing decrease with increasing of the wind generating ratio from 100/0 to 0/100. The CO2 total emissions decrease as the natural energy ratio increases. It is, however, saturated to about 60% when the ratio is more than 60%. And the CO2 total emissions increase with increasing of the battery capacity. It is concluded that the PWD system plays an important role in decreasing considerably the CO2 total emissions while the total system cost is high under the present price circumstances. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 138(2): 14–23, 2002

Modeling and simulation of photovoltaic hybrid energy systems-optimization of sizing and control

Abstract: The simulation tool called SimPhoSys (Simulation of Photovoltaic Energy Systems) has been developed to simulate the performance of photovoltaic energy systems. Detailed mathematical models of the system components have been implemented in Matlab/Simulink environment. At this stage of development SimPhoSys provides component models for the PV generator, battery, battery charge controller, electronic converter, diesel generator and various types of loads. The extension of the components library is scheduled. The modular structure of this simulation tool results in a high flexibility of modeling different system designs and facilitates sizing and performance evaluation of renewable energy systems as well as the development of advanced operation control strategies. Special attention has been devoted to simulation speed for the evaluation of long-term performance and to user friendliness.

Current and near-term emission control strategies for diesel powered generator sets

Abstract: Diesel powered generator sets have traditionally been and remain the number-one choice for standby and emergency power systems around the world. With the growth of applications involving telecommunications, more and more diesel generator sets are being used due to their ready availability. As a mature engine technology, diesels offer higher reliability than other engine designs as well as greater flexibility. Cummins, one of the world's largest producers of diesel-powered generator sets, has been a leader in developing engines that are both fuel-efficient, and have fewer emissions than previous designs. While many existing small and medium-size diesel powered generator sets meet current and proposed air pollution control standards, reduction technologies are being applied to larger diesel engines to control oxides of nitrogen, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons. Some current and existing emission control technologies include: (1) more efficient combustion; (2) catalytic after treatment systems; (3) low or no sulfur fuels; and (4) high-pressure direct injection gas technology. This paper acquaints energy managers and power engineers with what Cummins and a number of other manufacturers are doing to ensure that diesel engine powered generator sets will remain a viable option for standby/emergency and prime power well into the future.

A high-level technique for diesel engine combustion system condition monitoring and fault diagnosis

Abstract: This paper presents a technique for diagnosis of a class of engine faults, which adversely affect the combustion efficiency of a diesel generator set. The diagnosis is made by combining the...

A hybrid power system with using alternative energy facilities in isolated island

Abstract: A hybrid power system uses many wind turbine generators in isolated small inlands The output power of wind turbine generators is mostly fluctuating and it has an effect on system frequency To solve this problem, we propose a new power system with using renewable energy in isolated small islands The system can supply a high-quality power using aqua electrolyzer, fuel cell, renewable energy, and diesel generator The system uses an aqua electrolyzer and fuel cell The generated hydrogen by aqua electrolyzer is used as fuel of fuel cell The simulation results are given to demonstrate the proposed system in this paper

Probabilistic safety assessment and reliability based maintenance policies: application to the emergency diesel generators of a nuclear power plant

Abstract: This study is performed on the four 2.5 MWe emergency diesel generator (EDG) sets of Hydro-Quebec Gentilly-2 Nuclear Power Station. EDGs are safety related systems for the case of the loss of off-site power. This study establishes the basis of an enhanced preventative maintenance and periodic testing program with the objective of improving the long-term reliability and availability of the EDG. It is also the first step to a PSA program based on the real historical data of the system.

Environment friendly high quality, high availability telecom power plant architecture

Abstract: Most telecom facilities are traditionally powered by 24, 48 or 60 VDC power plant that typically has several hours (2 to 8 hours) of battery reserve power, inverters or UPS to supply AC power, and a diesel generator to provide continuity of service during long utility outage. The objective of this paper is to present and discuss an alternative, environment friendly, and cost effective telecom power plant architecture using a centralized UPS & microturbine system. In this system, the reserve power is provided by a micro-turbine which is directly connected to the DC bus of a UPS; battery reserve power is only used as a bridge with the grid. The systems will then provide critical AC power equipment (including air conditioning) or the battery-less point of use rectifiers necessary to power the -48VDC telecom switches. This architecture takes into account the high availability requirements (unavailability less than 3 /spl times/ 10-7) of telecom operators while providing significant advantages: reduced battery storage, clean emission, higher reliability, reduced operating cost, rapid return on investment. Furthermore, the UPS coupled with a micro-turbine with natural gas feed will not only provide constant clean power, but also virtually unlimited backup time in case of electricity outage. This paper presents the architecture and the economic results based on three case studies: small, medium and large telecom facilities.

Development of a numerical model for evaluating the performance of renewable generation systems

Abstract: One of the applications of photovoltaic (PV) generators today is PV-hybrid power systems for remote residences In these systems, one or more PV array(s) are combined with another source of power (diesel and/or wind) for making a more reliable electricity supply Batteries are used in these systems for supplying electricity during the nights as well as cloudy days One (or more) diesel generator is used to ensure that the batteries are not undercharged The objective of this paper is to present a numerical model for optimum sizing of the components in PV-hybrid power systems A further objective is to present an optimum way to predict the performance of the system

An apparatus and method for generating combined sources

Abstract: PURPOSE: A supply apparatus and a method for generating combined sources are provided to reduce the fuel cost and the environmental pollution by generating electrical power through an alternative energy source, such as the lights of sun and wind power. CONSTITUTION: A power controlling unit outputs a generated power using natural energy and converts an AC(Alternating Current) power generated from a diesel generator into a DC(Direct Current) power to output it. A storing unit(84) stores the DC power outputted from the power controlling unit. An inverter(64) controls an additional power supply through the diesel generator according to the DC power outputted from the power controlling unit. An automatic switching unit(66) supplies the power generated through the natural energy to a load via the inverter(64). The automatic switching unit(66) further supplies the additional power to the load.

System stabilization apparatus

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a long life time and inexpensive system stabilizing apparatus, capable of stabilizing an electric power system without having restrictions, even if it is installed on a small-scale power system. SOLUTION: This apparatus is provided with a unidirectional power converter 15 connected to the small-scaled power system which is connected to a wind power generator 11 and has a diesel generator in a system power source 12, and a resistor 16 connected to the power converter 15, detects an average value of outputs other than the output fluctuations in the wind power generator 11 which flows in reverse in tide into the electric power system, and outputs, from the power converter, reverse direction power flow in which fluctuations within a fluctuation restraining region are consumed by the resistor 16. The power thus can be compensated for, so that voltage or frequency fluctuations of the power system by the output fluctuations in the wind power generator 11 may be restrained, and reduce the reverse direction power flow outputted to the power system by the system stabilizing apparatus through consumption of the fluctuations by the resistor 16.

Development of the SIS Evaluation Method Based on Reliability Analysis

Abstract: In this study a new SIS evaluation method based on the reliability analysis has been developed. It evaluates the Safety Integrity Level (SIL) using the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), and when the SIL falls short of the systems target level, through the reliability analysis and system retrofit, this method will satisfy the aimed SIL. A hazard evaluation was carried out on the 415V Diesel BUS to verify the SIL evaluation method based on the reliability analysis. The availability of the original 415V Diesel BUS was , which comes under the category of SIL 2. After exchanging the diesel generator and the isolator switch using the developed evaluation method, the availability rose to , SIL 3. By applying the method presented in this study, not only will it reduce the maintenance cost due to the prevention of accidents and reduction of loss, but also maximize the reliability of the system.

An investigation on the characteristics and performance of a PV-diesel hybrid energy system for teaching and research

Abstract: This paper presents an investigation of the characteristics and performance of a photovoltaic (PV)-diesel hybrid energy system for teaching and research purposes The system was developed at the Centre for Renewable Energy and Sustainable Technologies Australia (CRESTA) at Curtin University, Australia It is intended that the system will be introduced to remote areas where the main electricity grids are not available The system comprises of PV module of 12 kWp, a 5 kVA diesel generator, a 5 kVA bi-directional inverter and a 13 kWh battery bank It also incorporates a weather station which measures the horizontal and tilt (32/spl deg/) irradiation, ambient temperature and barometer pressure Data from the site have been recorded continuously The average global radiation is 517 kWh/day and the tilt radiation is 562 kWh/day The performance ratio of the PV-array has been calculated approximately as 06 The average fuel efficiency of the motor generator is 167 kWh/ltr based on a predictive control strategy The battery efficiency is 096 while and the overall system efficiency is found to be 064 The system runs in synchronism with a diesel generator and a predictive control strategy, which is based on the theoretical control principles for optimum supply side management

Electric power frequency-changing propelling device for ship

Abstract: The utility model discloses a propulsion power device for boat. The device includes a low-noise diesel generator, a speed controller, a motor, a stern shaft device and a thrust shaft device which are arranged in a conventional way. Wherein, the speed controller is a variable frequency speed controller and the motor is a variable frequency motor. The access end of the variable frequency speed controller is connected to the output end of the diesel generator; the output end thereof is connected to a connection pile head of the variable frequency motor; the control output end thereof is connected to a corresponding end of a potential speed regulating device. The device has advantages of low pollution discharge, low noise, convenient and reliable operation, strong continuous navigation ability and good economy, and is particularly suitable for inland river boats, pools boats, reservoir boats and tour boats.

Noise reducing box for diesel power generator on board

Abstract: The utility model relates to a silencing housing for vehicle-mounted diesel generator, which comprises an air inlet silencing channel, a radiator of the diesel generator set and an air exhaust silencing channel and is characterized in that an underbody air inlet is arranged at the air inlet silencing channel on the car housing bottom, an air exhaust silencing elbow is additionally arranged between the radiator and the air exhaust silencing channel, one end of the elbow is connected with the radiator of the diesel generator set and the other end is stretched into the air exhaust silencing channel. The underbody air inlet and the silencing elbow together with the air inlet silencing channel and the air exhaust silencing channel realize the functions of air intake, air exhausting and noise reduction. The utility model is simple in structure, eliminates the structural contradiction of a narrow and small car housing and the heat radiation and ventilation of the diesel generator set, and is suitable for various movable diesel generators, enables the equipment noise to reach the requirements of environmental protection, and greatly decreases the air intake resistance without louver, and prevents rainwater from flooding into the air inlet when vehicles are running in rain and wind weather, and guarantees stable noise elimination performance.

RPM-SMA-based modeling of photovoltaic panels as energy sources in renewable energy systems

Abstract: This paper describes the inclusion of a photovoltaic panel or PV array in the simulation of power systems that use renewable energy sources It appears as a part of the PV array-inverter assembly that uses the inverter to perform DC to AC energy conversion In an isolated operation, the inverter dictates the frequency and regulates the output voltage of the system In addition, it balances the power in the systems In systems with diesel generators, the PV array-inverter assembly is used as a preprogrammed power source and operates in the slave mode Simulation case studies for both modes of operation are presented In addition, we discuss the simulation of a power system, in which the master function can be switched between the diesel generator and the PV array-inverter assembly

Adaptive control for biomass-based diesel-wind system

Abstract: Control of autonomous diesel-wind systems is difficult because of time-varying dynamical properties, most of them as a result of plant nonstationary, nonlinearity and random disturbances. In this paper, the system is composed of a pitch controlled wind turbine with an induction generator connected to an AC busbar in parallel with a diesel generator set having a synchronous generator. A power plant can generate electric power using biomass from olive trees in Spain. The recursive least squares method and minimum-variance control algorithm are implemented to design the controller. This paper considers the application of an adaptive control methodology that allows the controller to automatically adjust to changing process variables and thereby provide uniform response over a wide range of operating conditions.

Automatic Control System of Standby Diesel Generator

Abstract: The paper preseats an automatic control system of diesel generator with its function, hardware, software discussed.

Simulation Investigation on the Governing System of Two Parallel Connection Diesel Engines of Power Station

Abstract: The system models of two parallel connection diesel engines of power station were founded.The simulation of load distribution control between two diesel generator sets,speed regulating control and load feedforward control were investigated by using MATLAB.It was showed that the load feedforward control can improve the speed regulating performance of the digital governor of diesel engines and load distribution control can be applied to realizing distributing load equally under the condition of zero steady timing ratio.

Diesel generator facility auto-pickup controller

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To operate a diesel generation facility auto-pickup synchronously with the time of the voltage achievement and speed achievement of a diesel generation facility. SOLUTION: A prediction control unit 6 predicts the operation state of a diesel generation facility 3 based on the diesel generation facility starting signal S2 showing the operation state of the diesel generation facility 3. Then, it outputs a diesel generation facility ON permission signal S4 to a control logic part at the point of time when the voltage establishment and the speed establishment of the diesel generation facility are achieved. The control logic part 4 outputs a breaker ON signal S3 for operating a diesel generation facility auto- pickup to each facility control panel 5 when both of the diesel generation facility permission signal S4 from the prediction control logic part 5 and the diesel generation facility ON command signal S2 are materialized.

Lubricating oil in fixed equipment, and treating method for drainage

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treating method for a lubricating oil and drainage in fixed equipment allowing cleaning of the lubricating oil and drainage with an inexpensive device, simply and in less work processes, and at an adequate timing or in an operation state of a prime mover, in a system using the fixed equipment such as a diesel generator. SOLUTION: In this treating method of lubricating oil in the fixed equipment for cleaning the dirty lubricating oil of the fixed equipment such as a diesel engine for power generation, a vehicle loading a lubricating oil cleaning device is moved to the proximity of the fixed equipment at a predetermined interval, the lubricating oil cleaning device is connected to the fixed equipment by a connecting means such as a connecting pipe, and the lubricating oil of the fixed equipment is cleaned by the lubricating oil cleaning device.

Control method and control device of generator

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To automatically control the load sharing of a steam turbine using an exhaust gas economizer as a steam source and a parallelly operating diesel engine. SOLUTION: In this control method of a genarator where when parallelly operating a steam turbine-driven turbo generator 5 using the exhaust gas economizer 1 as the steam source and a prime mover-driven diesel generator 7 such as a diesel engine, opening of a turbine inlet steam valve 3 is controlled so that a power generation quantity of the turbo generator becomes a turbine preset power value Tref, and a fuel flow rate of a prime mover is controlled so that a power generation quantity of the diesel generator 7 becomes a diesel preset power value Dref, the turbine inlet steam valve 3 is controlled so as to maintain prescribed proper opening by increasing the turbine preset power value Tref and reducing the diesel preset power value Dref when the turbine inlet steam valve 3 is smaller than the prescribed proper opening, and while reducing the turbine preset power value Tref and increasing the diesel preset power value Dref when the turbine inlet steam valve 3 is larger than the prescribed proper opening.

Hybrid Electric Power Generation with Wind and Diesel

Abstract: Wind/hybrid operation data were collected using an independent hybrid test grid consisting of three diesel generator sets, AOC 15/50 and Enertech 44/40 wind turbines, two resistive load banks, pre-commercial controls, with a simulated village load. Two configurations were tested, one using a synchronous condenser that included no storage and one with 110 kW of battery storage with a rotary converter. The fuel efficiency increased from 2.63 kWh per liter for diesel only to 4.01 kWh per liter with hybrid system without storage and to 10.09 kWh per liter with battery storage. The potential run time in wind only was greatly increased when the battery storage was added. When wind power was sufficient to curtail the diesel generator sets, control was smooth and stable providing for the entire village load without having to burn fuel.

Analysis of variable structure diesel/inverter operation control in renewable energy systems

Abstract: This paper describes the inclusion of an inverter in the simulation of power systems that use renewable energy sources. The emphasis is on the implementation (in the RPM-SIM simulator) of a variable structure control strategy that switches the master function of controlling voltage and frequency between the diesel generator and the inverter. A case study illustrates the simulator's performance and usefulness.