Showing papers on "Heartbeat published in 2011"

Wireless fetal monitoring system

Abstract: A wireless fetal and maternal monitoring system includes a fetal sensor unit adapted to receive signals indicative of a fetal heartbeat, the sensor optionally utilizing a Doppler ultrasound sensor. A short-range transmission unit sends the signals indicative of fetal heartbeat to a gateway unit, either directly or via an auxiliary communications unit, in which case the electrical coupling between the short-range transmission unit and the auxiliary communications unit is via a wired connection. The system includes a contraction actuator actuatable upon a maternal uterine contraction, which optionally is a EMG sensor. A gateway device provides for data visualization and data securitization. The gateway device provides for remote transmission of information through a data communication network. A server adapted to receive the information from the gateway device serves to store and process the data, and an interface system to permits remote patient monitoring.

Integrated security network with security alarm signaling system

Abstract: An integrated security system that includes a security alarm reporting system (SARS) that is resilient to equipment failure and, as such, provides a comprehensive solution to the problem of an intruder attempting to disable an alarm reporting system. The integrated security system includes a gateway/touchscreen coupled to a security system. The gateway/touchscreen and the security system are at a first location and manage a variety of security and network devices at the first location. A security server at a second location is coupled to the security system and receives a first signal from the security system. A heartbeat signal is initiated that monitors health of the security system. The heartbeat signal may be initiated in response to the first signal. The security server detects a failure of the heartbeat signal and generates a report and sends the report to a central monitoring station. The report is an electronic report that indicates failure of the security system.

Electromechanical wave imaging for arrhythmias

Abstract: Electromechanical wave imaging (EWI) is a novel ultrasound-based imaging modality for mapping of the electromechanical wave (EW), i.e. the transient deformations occurring in immediate response to the electrical activation. The correlation between the EW and the electrical activation has been established in prior studies. However, the methods used previously to map the EW required the reconstruction of images over multiple cardiac cycles, precluding the application of EWI for non-periodic arrhythmias such as fibrillation. In this study, new imaging sequences are developed and applied based on flash- and wide-beam emissions to image the entire heart at very high frame rates (2000 fps) during free breathing in a single heartbeat. The methods are first validated by imaging the heart of an open-chest canine while simultaneously mapping the electrical activation using a 64-electrode basket catheter. Feasibility is then assessed by imaging the atria and ventricles of closed-chest, conscious canines during sinus rhythm and during right-ventricular pacing following atrio-ventricular dissociation, i.e., during a non-periodic rhythm. The EW was validated against electrode measurements in the open-chest case, and followed the expected electrical propagation pattern in the closed-chest setting. These results indicate that EWI can be used for the characterization of non-periodic arrhythmias in conditions similar to the clinical setting, in a single heartbeat, and during free breathing.

Non-contact heart rate detection using periodic variation in Doppler frequency

Abstract: Remote heart rate detection without body-attached probes is a promising technology for health care, monitoring of elderly people, emergency, and security. In this paper, we use a continuous wave (CW) microwave Doppler radar. It is important to eliminate the effect of body movement that is irrelevant to heartbeat such as respiration. In general, the displacements of them are larger than those of heartbeat. Therefore, we focus on the periodic variation of velocity of body movement due to heartbeat rather than the displacement variation of it. We detect a heart rate from a part of the wavelet frequency components with high periodicity. As a result of performance evaluation, our system enables to extract more accurate heartbeat interval than the traditional approach using the periodicity of an original Doppler signal.

Dynamic assessment of baroreflex control of heart rate during induction of propofol anesthesia using a point process method.

Abstract: In this paper, we present a point process method to assess dynamic baroreflex sensitivity by estimating the baroreflex gain as focal component of a simplified closed-loop model of the cardiovascular system. Specifically, an inverse Gaussian probability distribution is used to model the heartbeat interval, whereas the instantaneous mean is identified by linear and bilinear bivariate regressions on both the previous R-R intervals (RR) and blood pressure (BP) beat-to-beat measures. The instantaneous baroreflex gain is estimated as the feedback branch of the loop with a point-process filter, while the RR→BP feedforward transfer function representing heart contractility and vasculature effects is simultaneously estimated by a recursive least-squares (RLS) filter. These two closed-loop gains provide a direct assessment of baroreflex control of heart rate. In addition, the dynamic coherence, cross-bispectrum, and their power ratio can also be estimated. All statistical indices provide a valuable quantitative assessment of the interaction between heartbeat dynamics and hemodynamics. To illustrate the application, we have applied the proposed point process model to experimental recordings from eleven healthy subjects in order to monitor cardiovascular regulation under propofol anesthesia. We present quantitative results during transient periods, as well as statistical analyses on steady state epochs before and after propofol administration. Our findings validate the ability of the algorithm to provide a reliable and fast-tracking assessment of baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and show a clear overall reduction in baroreflex gain from the baseline period to the start of propofol anesthesia, confirming that instantaneous evaluation of arterial baroreflex control of heart rate may yield important implications in clinical practice, particularly during anesthesia and in postoperative care.

Correlation-based classification of heartbeats for individual identification

Abstract: This paper proposes new techniques to delineate P and T waves efficiently from heartbeats. The delineation results have been found to be optimum and stable in comparison to other published results. These delineators are used along with QRS complex to extract various features of classes time interval, amplitude and angle from clinically dominant fiducials on each heartbeat of the electrocardiogram (ECG). A new identification system has been proposed in this study, which uses these features and makes the decision on the identity of an individual with respect to a given database. The system has been tested against a set of 250 ECG recordings prepared from 50 individuals of Physionet. The matching decisions are made on the basis of correlation between heartbeat features among individuals. The proposed system has achieved an equal error rate of less than 1.01 with an accuracy of 99%.

Premature Ventricular beat classification using a dynamic Bayesian Network

Abstract: This paper investigates the viability of using the dynamic Bayesian Network framework as a tool to classify heart beats in long term ECG records. A Decision Support System composed by two layers is considered. The first layer performs the segmentation of each heartbeat available in the ECG record, whereas the second layer classifies the heartbeat as Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC) or Other. The use of both static and dynamic Bayesian Networks is evaluated through using the records available in the MIT-BIH database, and the results show that the Dynamic one performs better, obtaining 95% of sensitivity and 98% of positive predictivity, showing that to consider the temporal relation among events is a good strategy to increase the certainty about present events.

Communication system with diagnostic capabilities

Abstract: A first component, executing in a first data processing system, receives, over a data communication network using a first adapter, a first diagnostic heartbeat packet from a second adapter in a second data processing system. The first heartbeat packet comprises a header, a set of heartbeat parameters, and a set of diagnostic attributes. The first component determines, based on a set of values corresponding to the set of diagnostic attributes, that a soft network error condition exists in the data communication network. The soft network error condition is a network error condition that adversely affects the transmission of packets having certain properties in the data communication network. The first component stores the set of values in a state information record associated with the first component and re-routes data traffic from one link to a different link between the first and the second data processing systems.

Vital signs monitoring using impulse based UWB signal

Abstract: UWB technology is a new, useful and safe technology in the field of wireless body networks This paper focuses on the feasibility of estimating vital signs — specifically breathing rate and heartbeat frequency — from the spectrum of recorded waveforms, using impulse-radio (IR) UWB radar To this end, an analytical model is developed to perform and interpret the spectral analysis in each case Both the harmonics and the intermodulation between respiration and heart signals are addressed Simulations have been performed to demonstrate how they affect the detection of vital signs and also to analyze the influence of the pulse waveform in the case of UWB sensors A filter to cancel out breathing harmonics is also proposed to improve heart rate detection The motion of the antennas (for instance in hand-held devices) or of the person combines with the signal and might obscure physiological motion In this work, a technique for movement compensation will be presented

Synchronizing a distributed communication system using diagnostic heartbeating

Abstract: A first component, executing using a processor and a memory in a first data processing system, receives a diagnostic heartbeat packet from a second component executing in a second data processing system, wherein the diagnostic heartbeat packet is a packet comprising a header, a set of heartbeat parameters, and a set of diagnostic attributes. The first component determines, using a value of a diagnostic attribute in the diagnostic heartbeat packet, that a first communication link between the first and the second data processing systems is usable but includes a soft network error, wherein a soft network error condition is a network error condition that adversely affects transmission of packets having certain properties in the data communication network. The first component re-routes a synchronization message from the first component to the second component using a second communication link between the first and the second data processing systems.

Distributed application using diagnostic heartbeating

Abstract: A method, system, and computer program product for a improving a distributed application using diagnostic heartbeating are provided in the illustrative embodiments. An application, executing using a processor and a memory in a first data processing system, sends a registration to a component in the first data processing system. The registration requests state information for a set of member components in a distributed domain. After the application sends the registration to the component, the application receives the state information from the component. The state information includes current status and diagnostic information relating to the set of member components obtained from diagnostic attributes of diagnostic heartbeat packets received by the component. A diagnostic heartbeat packet is a packet comprising a header, a set of heartbeat parameters, and a set of diagnostic attributes.

System and method for realizing information push of mobile terminal

Abstract: The invention discloses a system and method for realizing information push of a mobile terminal The system establishes permanent TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) connection with a push server through a heartbeat proxy server, transmits a heartbeat data packet to the push server by replacing a registered mobile terminal positioned in an Intranet and always keeps transmitting the heartbeat data packet; and the push server does not make any response after receiving the heartbeat data packet, and transmits the data packet to the registered mobile terminal when necessary Compared with the conventional information push in which long connection is adopted, the system has the advantages that: the mobile terminal is in a resting state in the entire process and does not consume any power, the heartbeat data packet is transmitted to the push server only by the heartbeat server instead of the mobile terminal to indicate that a channel between the mobile terminal and the push server is in a communication state, and the heartbeat proxy server is fixed equipment and is not sensitive to power consumption, so that information push of the mobile terminal is realized without increasing the power consumption of the mobile terminal

Self-Refresh Panel Time Synchronization

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method in a device of controlling a display is provided. The method includes transmitting a heartbeat signal in a self-refresh state. The heartbeat signal is configured to be used by a display to remain in sync with the device while the device is in the self-refresh state.

Doppler radar for heartbeat rate and heart rate variability extraction

Abstract: This paper presents a Doppler radar system used to detect the heartbeat signal from a d√istance of one meter The proposed system is based on using a vector network analyzer and two antennas Measurements are performed at 16 GHz for different power levels between 0 and •25 dBm Both heartbeat rate and heart rate variability are extracted and compared to a simultaneous ECG signal

Diagnostic heartbeating in a distributed data processing environment

Abstract: A first component receives from a second component a set of diagnostic parameters to include in a diagnostic heartbeat packet, and information identifying a data communication protocol to be used for transmitting the diagnostic heartbeat packet. The diagnostic heartbeat packet is a packet comprising a header, a set of heartbeat parameters, and the set of diagnostic parameters. The first component sets a first diagnostic parameter in the set of diagnostic parameters to a first value, the first value being selected to detect a first soft network error condition. A soft network error condition is a network error condition that adversely affects transmission of packets having certain properties in the data communication network. The first component configures the diagnostic heartbeat packet for transmission using the specified data communication protocol and including the set of diagnostic parameters, and sends the diagnostic heartbeat packet to the second component.

Refinement and evaluation of a hydraulic bed sensor

Abstract: Research indicates that long-term monitoring of vital signs and activity in elderly adults may provide opportunities for maintaining quality-of-life and extending independence into later years. Such a strategy requires development of a system to collect this data while imposing minimal intrusion into the lives of those being monitored. To further this goal, we have developed a hydraulic bed sensor to non-invasively monitor heartbeat and respiration during sleep. This paper describes the refinement of our developed prototype and signal processing methods, along with an evaluation of the robustness of our algorithms and results from testing. An evaluation of our sensor on a group of five diverse subjects (ranging in age from 24 to 67, two with cardiac history), in three different positions, demonstrates accuracy within 8 beats per minute up to 97.5% of the time.

Shared heartbeat service for managed devices

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses for facilitating communication between remote services and applications installed on a device are described. In accordance with embodiments, each of a plurality of remote services generates an application-specific message intended for processing by a corresponding application installed on a device and transmits the application-specific message to a device management system (DMS) server, where it is queued. A DMS client installed on the device sends heartbeat messages to the DMS server indicating that the device is available to receive messages. In response to receiving the heartbeat messages, the DMS server transmits the application-specific messages to the DMS client. The DMS client then publishes each application-specific message to the particular application that the application-specific message was intended for.

Comprehensive experimental study of heartbeat oscillations observed under microgravity conditions in the PK-3 Plus laboratory on board the International Space Station

Abstract: Heartbeat oscillations in complex plasmas with a broad range of fundamental frequencies are observed and studied. The experiments are performed with monodisperse microparticles of different diameters in argon as well as in neon plasmas. The oscillation frequency increases with increasing rf power and neutral gas pressure. At the lower frequencies, oscillations are strongly nonlinear. The microparticle pulsations, the variation of the electrical discharge parameters and the spatially resolved changes in the plasma glow are proven to be strongly correlated. Heartbeat oscillation dynamics is associated with global confinement modes.

Estimating and validating the interbeat intervals of the heart using near-infrared spectroscopy on the human forehead

Abstract: In studies with near-infrared spectroscopy, the recorded signals contain information on the temporal interbeat intervals of the heart. If this cardiac information is needed exclusively and could directly be extracted, an additional electrocardiography device would be unnecessary. The aim was to estimate these intervals from signals measured with near-infrared spectroscopy with two novel approaches. In one approach, we model the heartbeat oscillations in these signals with a Fourier series where the coefficients and the fundamental frequency can continuously change over time. The time-dependent model parameters are estimated and used to calculate the interbeat intervals. The second approach uses empirical mode decomposition. The signal measured with near-infrared spectroscopy is empirically decomposed into a set of oscillatory components. The sum of a specific subset of them is an estimate of the pure heartbeat signal in which the diastolic peaks and consequential interbeat intervals are detected. We show in simultaneous electrocardiography and near-infrared spectroscopy measurements on 11 subjects (8 men and 3 woman with mean age 32.8 ± 8.1 yr), that the interbeat intervals (and the consequential pulse rate variability measures), estimated using the proposed approaches, are in high agreement with their correspondents from electrocardiography.

Efficient ECG Modeling using Polynomial Functions

Abstract: An efficient ECG modeling algorithm is presented in this paper. The model is based on fitting polynomial functions to real ECG. This algorithm describes a segmentation of a heartbeat and fitting an appropriate polynomial function to the segments. The model performances are evaluated in terms of PRD, preserve of ST-T segment clinical information and the execution time. When comparing this model with the existing one, the PRD improvements can be seen, especially in those signals with high morphological diversity heartbeats. Moreover, the computing time is significantly reduced. Using appropriate model features, ST-T analysis achieves an average accuracy of more than 94%. The obtained data shows that this model is applicable to other ECG processing like: heartbeat analysis, compression and filtering. Ill. 2, bibl. 9, tabl. 3 (in English; abstracts in English and Lithuanian). http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.110.4.304

Method and apparatus for adaptive network heartbeat message for tcp channel

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a client to continue to receive updates from a server when a channel has been disconnected before the expiration of a heartbeat timer is disclosed. The method includes sending a heartbeat message from the client to the server wherein the heartbeat message is sent at the expiration of a timer having a first time interval that is less than the first timeout duration period of the server. The method includes detecting that the channel is disconnected before the expiration of the first time interval and then determining a second timeout duration period from detecting the channel is disconnected. After determining the second time out duration, the method includes resetting the first time interval to a second time interval for the sending of the heartbeat message wherein the second time interval being less than the second timeout duration period.

System and method to contact and maintain status of managed devices

Abstract: A method is provided in one example and includes establishing a plurality of persistent connections with a plurality of devices at a server; receiving presence data associated with the plurality of devices; responding to heartbeat messages provided by the plurality of devices; receiving a status change notification from a particular one of the devices; and updating status data and heartbeat data for the particular one of the devices. In more particular embodiments, the method includes encoding messages communicated on the persistent connections using an extensible messaging and presence protocol (XMPP). The method may also include communicating script configuration data over a particular one of the persistent connections for execution by the particular device. The persistent connections may be secured using transport layer security (TLS).

Diagnostic heartbeat throttling

Abstract: A method, system, and computer program product for a diagnostic heartbeat throttling are provided in the illustrative embodiments. A component, executing using a processor and a memory in a data processing system, sends diagnostic heartbeat packets over a communication link at a first rate, wherein a diagnostic heartbeat packet is a packet comprises a header, a set of heartbeat parameters, and a set of diagnostic attributes. The component detects a change in data traffic over the communication link. The component changes a rate of sending diagnostic heartbeat packets from the first rate to a second rate responsive to the change in the data traffic over the communication link.

Method and system for monitoring content delivery network (CDN) equipment status

Abstract: The invention discloses a method and system for monitoring the content delivery network (CDN) equipment status, which are used to provide an efficient platform for quick positioning and correct exception handling for operation and maintenance personnel. The method comprises the following steps: periodically reporting equipment heartbeat information to a monitoring server which is taken as a heartbeat receiving end by monitored CDN equipment; periodically and initiatively detecting the status of the monitored CDN equipment on the monitoring server to obtain an initiative detection result; comprehensively monitoring the equipment heartbeat information and the initiative detection result which are collected by the monitoring server, determining the equipment status by combining with the topological structure of the equipment, and sending an alarm aiming at root causes of a failure; and intuitionally displaying a decision result from an equipment status decision device by combining with machine room distribution and the topological structure of the equipment, and displaying the root cause alarm given out by the equipment status decision device on an alarm page.

Ensemble learning on heartbeat type classification

Abstract: Ensemble learning, known as multiple classifier system, combines the predictions from multiple base classifiers (or learners) altogether to conclude a final decision. It has been proven that ensemble learning is a simple, useful and effective meta-classification methodology. SBCB (Selecting Base Classifiers on Bagging) is a selective based ensemble learning algorithm [1] which is able to select an optimal set of classifiers among all candidates through an optimization process, based on the criteria of accuracy and diversity. In this paper, the use of SBCB algorithm to effectively deal with the classification of heartbeat on ECG signal is presented as a case study. The automatic identification of different heartbeat types is conducive to arrhythmia detection, heart disease diagnosis and so on. The comparison of SBCB and classical classification algorithms were designed and conducted in this paper. The empirical results reveal the effectiveness of SBCB algorithm to classify the type of heartbeat based on ECG signal. In additional, the integration of SBCB algorithm to an ECG diagnostic system was reviewed and presented in this paper.