Showing papers on "Insertion loss published in 1975"
TL;DR: In this article, the attenuation characteristics of a multilayer metal-clad optical guide, which is suitable for a mode filter or electrooptic devices, are investigated by the exact theory and the analytical approximation based on a perturbation technique.
Abstract: The attenuation characteristics of a multilayer metal-clad optical guide, which is suitable for a mode filter or electrooptic devices, is investigated by the exact theory and the analytical approximation based on a perturbation technique. By using this approximation the dependences of the ohmic loss on the various waveguide parameters and the condition for the absorption peak of the TM mode are derived in closed form. Some remarks concerning the waveguide material and dimension for the design of the mode filter are also presented. The insertion loss at the abrupt junction between a normal (dielectric-clad) optical guide region and a metal-clad optical guide region is treated. Also the transformation of optical guided modes in the two kinds of tapered structures between the above two regions is examined.
98 citations
01 Jan 1975
89 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the mode filtering characteristics of biconical tapers in multimode fibers and found that the insertion loss for the HE11 mode is 0.2 dB and the rejection ratios for higher-order modes are more than 20 dB.
Abstract: Mode filtering characteristics of biconical tapers in multimode fibers were examined. The insertion loss of a biconical taper for the HE11 mode is 0.2 dB and the rejection ratios for higher−order modes are more than 20 dB. The mode conversion in a biconical taper is sufficiently small except for the HE1n modes. It is found that a linearly tapered section can be used as a mode analyzer for multimode fibers.
49 citations
12 May 1975
TL;DR: The development of dielectric resonator superior to invar cavity on temperature stability as the result of the research made the usage of the miniature bandpass filter practical, and the method to set up temperature coefficient was established well as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The development of dielectric resonator superior to invar cavity on temperature stability as the result of our research made the usage of the miniature bandpass filter practical, and the method to set up temperature coefficient was established well.
49 citations
TL;DR: Theoretical and experimental results on new guided-wave electro-optic devices for ultrafast optical deflection, switching, and modulation are presented in this paper, which utilize simple electrode arrangements consisting of a small number of tilted electrodes which effectively simulate prism structures in electrooptic waveguides.
Abstract: Theoretical and experimental results on new guided‐wave electro‐optic devices for ultrafast optical deflection, switching, and modulation are presented. The devices utilize simple electrode arrangements consisting of a small number of tilted electrodes which effectively simulate prism structures in electro‐optic waveguides. Devices using single‐mode Y‐cut LiNbO3 outdiffused waveguides have demonstrated excellent performance figures: nine beam positions (channels) per unit at a driving voltage of 8 V per beam position, −0.5 dB optical insertion loss and cross talks between adjacent channels varying from −13.5 to −9 dB. The new devices are shown to be capable of performing optical multiport beam deflection/switching and modulation at very low driving voltages and at ultrafast speeds because of their very small capacitances, and are, therefore, highly useful for future wide‐band fiber and integrated optic systems.
45 citations
TL;DR: The feasibility of a microwave quasi-optical polarization diplexer has been demonstrated using photo-etched copper strips with thin mylar backing as a practical example and the insertion losses of the principal polarization and the cross polarization have been calculated and measured.
Abstract: The feasibility of a microwave quasi-optical polarization diplexer has been demonstrated using photo-etched copper strips with thin mylar backing as a practical example. The insertion losses of the principal polarization and the cross polarization have been calculated and measured. The conducting strips must be aligned in a preferred direction, namely, perpendicular to the plane of incidence, to minimize cross-polarized radiation, whereas orientation of the plane of the grid with respect to the beam direction is not restricted. The measured cross-polarized radiation agrees with predictions from simple theoretical models of a magnetic current sheet for the transmission mode and an electric current sheet for the reflection mode. This type of diplexer has been successfully employed in studying the polarization properties of the 20-GHz signal from the ATS-6 satellite.
27 citations
TL;DR: In this article, three nearly identical surface-acoustic-wave resonator filters at ≃ 35 MHz have been fabricated with aluminium metallisation on yz LiNbO3 substrates.
Abstract: Three nearly identical surface-acoustic-wave resonator filters at ≃ 35 MHz have been fabricated with aluminium metallisation on yz LiNbO3 substrates. The filters are electrically cascaded to yield a combined frequency response that exhibits 80 dB sidelobe suppression, Q ≃ 3000, no spurious responses in the range 1–500 MHz and an insertion loss in a 50 Ω system of only 13 dB.
20 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a directional coupler for optical fiber applications is constructed of two pieces of optical fibers cut obliquely and a thin dielectric film, and the coupling coefficient ranges from -20 dB to -10 dB depending on the refractive index of the film.
Abstract: A directional coupler for optical fiber applications is constructed of two pieces of optical fibers cut obliquely and a thin dielectric film. Coupling coefficient -20 dB to -10 dB depending on the refractive index of the dielectric film, insertion loss 1 dB, and directivity -20 dB are measured. They agree with the analytical results.
18 citations
01 Jan 1975
TL;DR: This chapter discusses methods of electronically controlling the flow of light in optical waveguides using devices that may be called either modulators or switches.
Abstract: In this chapter, we will discuss methods of electronically controlling the flow of light in optical waveguides. We will restrict our attention to devices that may be called either modulators or switches. Some of these devices are capable of performing both functions.
18 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a three-port waveguide circulator with a power-handling capability of 30 kW CW and insertion loss of 0.1 dB was developed for breaking concrete and rock.
Abstract: A high-power circulator at 915 MHz has been developed. This three-port waveguide circulator has a power-handling capability of 30 kW CW and an insertion loss of 0.1 dB. The high-power circulator is useful for protecting high-power microwave sources from reflected power. A high-power microwave system describing the design of the circulator, and giving the results of preliminary experiments in breaking concrete and rock are presented.
16 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a numerical study of the edge mode propagation in a ferrite stripline isolator is described based on Hines' assumptions, and it is shown that the characteristic can be improved to an insertion loss less than 0.4 dB.
Abstract: Based on Hines' assumptions a numerical study of the edge mode propagation in a ferrite stripline isolator is described. Bandwidth, insertion loss and isolation are exhaustively analyzed. The correlation with experimental results is excellent. It is shown that the characteristic can be improved to an insertion loss less than 0.4 dB.
28 May 1975
12 May 1975
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the techniques used for electrically matching unidirectional SWD's and show recent experimental results obtained by using these techniques, including electrical measurements of 3-phase transducer terminals.
Abstract: Recent advances in surface wave device (SWD) technology have made it possible to obtain bandpass filters with insertion losses as low as 0.65 dB by implementing 3-phase unidirectional transducers. This paper discusses the techniques used for electrically matching unidirectional SWD's and shows recent experimental results obtained by using these techniques. Also included are discussions on electrical measurements of 3-phase transducer terminals, different methods of phase splitting and transducer interface, component value calculations for phase splitting and matching, and a review of sources of filter insertion loss.
22 Sep 1975
TL;DR: In this article, a matched filter for a doppler-sensitive burst waveform with 16 equally spaced linear-FM subpulses, each of which has a 60MHz bandwidth and is 3 microsec long.
Abstract: : A new type of matched filter has been designed and fabricated for a doppler-sensitive burst waveform with 16 equally spaced linear-FM subpulses, each of which has a 60MHz bandwidth and is 3 microsec long. The interpulse period is 5 microsec, and the total duration of the waveform is 80 microsec. The filter consists of 16 reflective-array-compressor sections ion-beam etched in the surface of a 15.2-cm-long Y-Z LiNbO sub 3 substrate. The reflective-array section for each subpulse is depth-weighted according to a Hamming function for range-sidelobe suppression, and the peak responses of successive sections have a Hamming weighting for doppler-sidelobe suppression. A reduction of system complexity and an improvement in dynamic range is expected with filters of this type as compared to conventional doppler burst processors. We have fabricated on one substrate a matched filter for an entire burst, thus providing the full correlation gain inherent in the waveform within a single device. This yields a large dynamic range despite a relatively high insertion loss (43 dB CW at center frequency (200 MHz) for the central section). Within a given section, the phase deviations from quadratic are typically 5 deg. r.m.s. and corresponding range sidelobes are more than 30 dB down from the correlation peak. These phase deviations and the errors in delay between sections can be reduced by metal overlay patterns. A filter for the zero-doppler channel was built to operate at a temperature of 60 C. When the temperature is changed by 0.98 C, the peak response of this filter is shifted by an amount equal to the doppler resolution (18 kHz).
06 Nov 1975
TL;DR: In this paper, the insertion loss of an optical waveguide joint is described and quantified, as well as the individual loss mechanisms contributing to this insertion loss, such as the characteristics of individual waveguides and coupling technique.
Abstract: LOW LOSS SPLICING AND CONNECTION OF OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE CABLESRobert M. Hawk, Physicist and Frank L. Thiel, Manager, Applied ElectrophysicsCorning Glass Works, Corning, New York 14830AbstractThe individual loss mechanisms contributing to the insertion loss of an optical waveguide joint aredescribed and quantified. Losses attributable to the characteristics of individual waveguides as well aslosses due to coupling technique are included. The identification and understanding of these loss mecha-nisms has led to the design of optical waveguide alignment and retention techniques that minimize or avoidthese effects.To make a connector useful in field applications of optical cables utilizing these techniques, thehardware must be reliable, stable, low cost, quick, and fully intermateable, as well as providing lowinsertion loss. Experimental results are given that indicate extrinsic insertion loss as low as 0.3 dBis routinely attainable in each channel of multifiber connections utilizing low -loss optical waveguides.IntroductionThe most cost -effective way to utilize low -loss optical waveguides for practical communication systemsin the near future will be in multichannel transmissi,on lines where each channel is a single fiber.
01 Jan 1975
12 May 1975
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a new type edge guided mode devices that are isolator and quasi-circulator, which have some desirable characteristics; (a) a large isolation and a small insertion loss, (b) simple structure without electric lossy materials, and (c) considerable wide frequency band.
Abstract: New type edge guided mode devices that are isolator and quasi-circulator, are proposed. The new type isolator has some desirable characteristics; (a) a large isolation and a small insertion loss, (b) simple structure without electric lossy materials, (c) considerable wide frequency band. On the other hand, the quasi-circulators have the following scattering matrix.
TL;DR: In this article, a delay line is described which uses unidirectional transducers, formed by placing a short interdigital transducer (IDT) adjacent to a grating reflector, to realize low insertion losses.
Abstract: A delay line is described which uses unidirectional transducers, formed by placing a short interdigital transducer (IDT) adjacent to a grating reflector, to realize low insertion losses. Theoretical and experimental results are compared for a device with 10.5 finger pair transducers and 100 finger pair gratings. The measured insertion loss was 2.5 dB at 38.14 MHz.
22 Sep 1975
TL;DR: In this article, a linear FM pulse expanders and compressors in the reflective array configuration have been fabricated on bismuth germanium oxide substrates, where the reflective arrays were depth weighted to provide a flat frequency response in the down-chirp expansion lines and a Hamming frequency response on the up-Chirp compression lines.
Abstract: : Linear FM pulse expanders and compressors in the reflective-array configuration have been fabricated on bismuth germanium oxide substrates. The low surface-wave velocity on this material and the folded RAC configuration allow 125 microseconds of dispersion over the 2.5-MHz bandwidth to be obtained in a compact device. The reflective arrays were depth weighted to provide a flat frequency response in the down-chirp expansion lines and a Hamming frequency response in the up-chirp compression lines. Maximum amplitude deviation from ideal was 0.5 dB. Midband (60 MHz) insertion loss was approximately 33 dB in both types of devices. Reflective arrays ion-beam etched with 500-eV argon ions showed no evidence of surface alteration or anomalous acoutic propagation loss. Phase compensation with Au-on-Cr films yielded a typical residual phase error of 2.0 degree and sidelobes below 33 dB were obtained in a subsystem comprising an expander, compressor, and assoicated electronics. Successful development of the devices depended on solving problems of angular accuracy of the reflective arrays and temperature sensitivity. These problems are especially severe in devices with small fractional bandwidth and large dispersion. (author)
TL;DR: In this paper, a transducer plate was used for bonding a transducers to a delay line. But the insertion loss was quite low for delay lines with acoustic apertures below 1 mm2.
Abstract: A technology with novel characteristics is described for bonding a transducer plate to a delay line. Experiments near 20 MHz show that the total insertion loss can be quite low for delay lines with acoustic apertures below 1 mm2.
TL;DR: In this article, an optical fiber-fibre connector is described by means of which several single fibres can be connected simultaneously, and insertion losses smaller than 0.1 dB have been measured.
Abstract: An optical fibre-fibre connector is described by means of which several single fibres can be connected simultaneously. With multimode step-index fibres, insertion losses smaller than 0.1 dB have been measured. No temperature influence up to nearly 100°C has been found.
TL;DR: In this paper, the transmission factor of a corner in a dielectric-rod or optical-fiber waveguide is calculated applying the field matching method, and the insertion loss of corners has been measured in the microwave region and has been found to agree with theory for angles not exceeding 40°.
Abstract: The transmission factor of a corner in a dielectric-rod or optical-fiber waveguide is calculated applying the field matching method. The calculation is carried out with the exact field components of the HE11-mode in order to include also the cases of a glass fiber with a large index difference or a microwave dielectric-rod transmission line. The general expressions are subsequently simplified for weakly guided waves in the microwave or optical region. Very simple approximate formulas are derived for corners of small angle. The insertion loss of corners has been measured in the microwave region and has been found to agree with theory for angles not exceeding 40°. The electromagnetic field near corners has been recorded to give an insight in the transmission and radiation properties of corners.
01 Feb 1975
TL;DR: In this article, the use of an electrooptical-waveguide modulator to achieve over 80 percent modulation of 7980-A light from a room temperature laser diode operating at 10 mW CW was reported.
Abstract: The use of an electrooptical-waveguide modulator to achieve over 80-percent modulation of 7980-A light from a room temperature laser diode operating at 10 mW CW is reported. The insertion loss of the modulator including couplers is 8.5 dB, and the output beam has high coherence.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe experimental results of a simple optical fiber directional coupler which picks up a small portion of the transmitted power in a main optical fiber transmission line without affecting the characteristics of the main line.
Abstract: This letter describes experimental results of a simple optical fiber directional coupler which picks up a small portion of the transmitted power in a main optical fiber transmission line without affecting the characteristics of the main line. This directional coupler consists of two fibers closely parallel in a certain coupling length; an index matching liquid, Si-oil, fills the coupling region. A 50-dB power coupling and 21=dB directivity are measured. Insertion loss is almost negligible. The measured power coupling is much larger than that expected by the simple coupling theory.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors made a study of electro-optic total-internal-reflection diffraction device modulator electroding and found that a reflection phase mismatch of 16 degrees adds to insertion loss by 2%, but at 28 degrees this addition rises to 6%.
Abstract: A study is made of electro-optic total-internal-reflection diffraction device modulator electroding. This can cause reflection phase inequalities which can reduce transmission (zero order) and degrade the extinction ratio. Al, Cu, Au, and Cr electrodes are considered and Al/Cr appears the optimum choice for LiNbO3 devices. A practical LiNbO3/Cr device realization is shown to exhibit a 0.6% insertion loss contribution due to this effect and agrees with theory. Analysis shows that a reflection phase mismatch of 16 degrees adds to insertion loss by 2%, but at 28 degrees (mismatch) this addition rises to 6%. An extinction ratio >100:1 was noted.
Patent•
26 May 1975
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed to obtain a filter having optional frequency characteristics and with less insertion loss by arranging groups of electrodes with small Log N in the same transmission direction in such a way that the signals from each of the groups are applied together.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a filter having optional frequency characteristics and with less insertion loss by arranging groups of electrodes with small Log N in the same transmission direction in such a way that the signals from each of the groups are applied together in the same phase.
01 Feb 1975
TL;DR: In this article, a generalized synthesis technique for the design of amplifier matching networks, which allows flexible topology, arbitrary gain shape and parisitic absorption capability, is presented, illustrated on a 12-GHz FET amplifier.
Abstract: A generalized synthesis technique for the design of amplifier matching networks, which allows flexible topology, arbitrary gain shape and parisitic absorption capability, will be presented. The design procedure will be illustrated on a 12-GHz FET amplifier.
TL;DR: In this paper, the insertion loss between ports 1 and 3 of a 3-port circulator with port 2 terminated in a short circuit was investigated and the authors gave approximate simple upper and lower bounds for this loss in terms of the single path insertion loss of the junction.
Abstract: The insertion loss between ports 1 and 3 of a 3-port circulator with port 2 terminated in a short circuit varies about twice the single path loss. The purpose is to give approximate simple upper and lower bounds for this loss in terms of the single path insertion loss of the junction. One application of this arrangement is encountered in the connection of a filter and equalizer by a single circulator. The final result indicates that, in the absence of circuit losses, the double path loss varies between one and three times the single path loss.
Patent•
04 Nov 1975
TL;DR: In this paper, an active resonant circuit to be used as a cell for a low insertion loss high level microwave filter is described. But this circuit is not suitable for low-inference loss high-level microwave filters.
Abstract: An active resonant circuit to be used as a cell for a low insertion loss high level microwave filter is disclosed comprising a circuit tuned at f o inductively coupled with a negative resistance amplifier consisting of a transistor with a cut-off frequency high with respect to f o , an emitter circuit coupled to said tuned circuit, with a high transformer ratio, an adjustable tuned circuit in the base of said transistor and means for biassing said transistor for maximum negative resistance at f o . Two or more cells may be associated to constitute a filter.