Showing papers on "Microstrip antenna published in 1976"
TL;DR: In this article, an equivalent network for square and rectangular shaped microstrip radiating elements is derived, where the radiating element is considered as two slots separated by a transmission line of low characteristic impedance.
Abstract: An equivalent network for square and rectangular shaped microstrip radiating elements is derived. In order to simplify the problem the radiating element is considered as two slots separated by a transmission line of low characteristic impedance. The slots are characterized by their radiation pattern, directivity, and equivalent admittance. A design procedure for open circuit halfwave resonators and for arrays of such resonators is given. Finally, some antennas in the X band are designed and measured.
271 citations
Patent•
TL;DR: In this paper, a coplanar stripline antenna including a layer of dielectric material supporting a lower ground plane of conductive material on one side of the layer, a patch of conductively material on the other side of a layer, and an upper ground plane covering the ground plane, is presented.
Abstract: A coplanar stripline antenna including a layer of dielectric material supporting a lower ground plane of conductive material on one side of the layer of dielectric material, a patch of conductive material on the other side of the layer of dielectric material, and an upper ground plane of conductive material on the other side of the layer of dielectric material and with the upper ground plane substantially surrounding and spaced from the patch of conductive material. Electrical signals are fed to the antenna between the patch of conductive material and the upper ground plane. A number of patches of conductive material may each be surrounded by the upper ground plane to form an antenna array and with the patches interconnected by coplanar stripline fed at a point equidistant from each patch.
129 citations
01 Oct 1976
TL;DR: In this article, a method to analyze a microstrip antenna is presented, which involves representing the antenna by a fine wire grid immersed in a dielectric medium and then using Richmond's reaction formulation to evaluate the piecewise sinusoidal currents on the wire grid segments.
Abstract: A method to analyze a microstrip antenna is presented. It involves representing the antenna by a fine wire grid immersed in a dielectric medium and then using Richmond's reaction formulation to evaluate the piecewise sinusoidal currents on the wire grid segments. The calculated results are then modified to account for the finite dielectric discontinuity. A comparison of calculated and measured results is presented. This technique will serve as an excellent tool to design microstrip antennas.
78 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a moderately high gain alumina dielectric rod antenna that is entirely compatible with insular integrated circuits has been designed and tested for millimeter-wave integrated-circuit applications.
Abstract: The design of dielectric rod antennas for millimeter-wave integrated-circuit applications is described. The experimental investigation was initially performed for sealed models at Ku band and then developed at V band. A moderately high-gain alumina dielectric rod antenna that is entirely compatible with insular integrated circuits has been designed and tested. The antenna has been fabricated and integrated, as one of the system components, into short-range V-band transmitter and receiver moduIes. The measured gain was found to be 15.2 dB. Radiation characteristics are discussed.
60 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a planar waveguide model for microstrip is used to obtain an improved method of correcting for curvature effects in ring resonators, and the extent of the improvement is illustrated by a comparison of experimental measurements and theoretical predictions of microstrip dispersion.
Abstract: A planar waveguide model for microstrip is used to obtain an improved method of correcting for curvature effects in ring resonators. The extent of the improvement is illustrated by a comparison of experimental measurements and theoretical predictions of microstrip dispersion.
51 citations
Patent•
06 Oct 1976TL;DR: In this paper, a structure of a circularly polarized, thin conformal, antenna array which may be mounted integrally with the skin of an aircraft employs microstrip elliptical elements and interconnecting feed lines spaced from a circuit ground plane by a thin dielectric layer.
Abstract: A structure of a circularly polarized, thin conformal, antenna array which may be mounted integrally with the skin of an aircraft employs microstrip elliptical elements and interconnecting feed lines spaced from a circuit ground plane by a thin dielectric layer. The feed lines are impedance matched to the elliptical antenna elements by selecting a proper feedpoint inside the periphery of the elliptical antenna elements. Diodes connected between the feed lines and the ground plane rectify the microwave power, and microstrip filters (low pass) connected in series with the feed lines provide DC current to a microstrip bus. Low impedance matching strips are included between the elliptical elements and the rectifying and filtering elements.
50 citations
Patent•
10 Nov 1976TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a notch fed magnetic microstrip dipole antenna consisting of a thin electally conducting, rectangular-shaped radiating element formed on one surface of a dielectric substrate.
Abstract: A notch fed magnetic microstrip dipole antenna consisting of a thin electally conducting, rectangular-shaped radiating element formed on one surface of a dielectric substrate, the ground plane being on the opposite surface with the radiating element shorted to the ground plane. The length of the element determines the resonant frequency. The feed point is located in a notch along the centerline of the antenna length and the input impedance can be varied by moving the feed point along the centerline of the antenna without affecting the radiation pattern. The notch extends from an edge of the element to the feed point. The element is shorted through the dielectric to the ground plane by means of plated thru holes or rivets at one end of the element.
43 citations
Patent•
09 Aug 1976TL;DR: In this article, a very thin antenna assembly consisting of three electric microstrip ante systems arrayed on a single dielectric substrate over a ground plane and tuned to three different frequency bands is presented.
Abstract: A very thin antenna assembly consisting of three electric microstrip ante systems arrayed on a single dielectric substrate over a ground plane and tuned to three different frequency bands. The low physical profile of the antennas and the assembly hollow conformal arraying capability about an aircraft body without disrupting the aerodynamics of the vehicle. A phase difference of 90° between two elements of the UHF antenna system is used to obtain a wider bandwidth with good matching and also improves the radiation patterns of the array. Button type tuning capacitors in each of the elements of the UHF array permits compensation for variations in the center frequency of the UHF antenna system that are caused by the variation in the substrate dielectric constant, fabrication processes, etc. Also, close spacing of three antennas systems with minimum coupling is possible since most of the reactive energy from each antenna element is contained substantially within the volume bounded by the element and the portion of the ground plane beneath the element.
42 citations
01 Oct 1976
TL;DR: In this article, an equivalent network for rectangular shaped microstrip radiating elements is derived and the radiation conductance is found to be proportional to the width of wide strips and to the square of the width for narrower strips.
Abstract: An equivalent network for rectangular shaped microstrip radiating elements is derived. In order to simplify the problem the radiating elements are considered as two slots separated by a transmission line of low characteristic impedance. The slots are characterized by their equivalent admittances. The radiation conductance is derived and found to be proportional to the width for wide strips and to the square of the width for narrower strips. The equivalent susceptance, due to end effects, is represented by a capacitor. The narrow bandwidth of the microstrip radiating elements is due to the high impedance ratio between the slot and the strip. Finally, the network model is used to design a dual polarized planar array.
31 citations
Patent•
10 Nov 1976TL;DR: An offset FED magnetic microstrip dipole antenna consisting of a thin eleically conducting, element formed on one surface of a dielectric substrate, the ground plane being on the opposite surface with the radiating element shorted to the ground planes is described in this article.
Abstract: An offset FED magnetic microstrip dipole antenna consisting of a thin eleically conducting, element formed on one surface of a dielectric substrate, the ground plane being on the opposite surface with the radiating element shorted to the ground plane. The length of the element determines the resonant frequency. The feed point is located along one edge of the antenna length and the input impedance can be varied by moving the feed point along the edge of the antenna to obtain optimum match for the resonant mode without affecting the radiation pattern. The antenna bandwidth increases with the width of the element and spacing between the element and ground plane.
Patent•
13 Feb 1976TL;DR: A microstrip antenna array takes the form of a feeder strip and a plurality of elements, each of which is attached to the feeder at one end and having an open-circuit termination at the other.
Abstract: A microstrip antenna array takes the form of a feeder strip and a plurality of elements, each in the form of a strip attached to the feeder strip at one end and having an open-circuit termination at the other. Arrays are disclosed which use standing waves in the feeder strip and which use travelling waves. The elements can be of various widths to provide a modulated array and, in the case of a travelling wave array, to compensate for attenuation in the wave in the feeder strip. A frequency-swept array and a circularly polarized array are described.
Patent•
26 Nov 1976TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a thinned linear, planar and three-dimensional phased antenna array configuration with the antenna or sensor elements positioned in a pseudorandom manner as prescribed by the equation based on difference sets.
Abstract: The present invention relates to thinned linear, planar and three-dimensional phased antenna array configurations which have the antenna or sensor elements positioned in a pseudorandom manner as prescribed by the equation based on difference sets. The present antenna array permit thinning factors well below one-half while retaining the sidelobe level characteristics of arrays with much higher thinning factors.
Patent•
26 Aug 1976TL;DR: In this article, a radio frequency antenna with a microstrip feed network and a flared radiating structure directly fed by such a feed network is considered, and a cover is used to suppress stray radiation from propagating from such feed network.
Abstract: A radio frequency antenna having a microstrip feed network and a flared radiating structure directly fed by such microstrip feed network. A wedge-shaped dielectric structure is disposed in the narrow region of the flared radiating structure to match the impedance of the antenna to the impedance of free space. An E-plane array antenna includes a plurality of antenna elements, each including a single feed element on a dielectric board. An H-plane array antenna includes a plurality of feed elements on a single dielectric board. A cover, having an absorbing material, is disposed over the microstrip feed network to suppress stray radiation from propagating from such feed network.
Patent•
10 Nov 1976TL;DR: In this paper, an asymmetrically fed magnetic microstrip dipole antenna consisting of a n electrically conducting, rectangular-shaped radiating element formed on one surface of a dielectric substrate was presented.
Abstract: An asymmetrically fed magnetic microstrip dipole antenna consisting of a n electrically conducting, rectangular-shaped radiating element formed on one surface of a dielectric substrate, the ground plane being on the opposite surface with the radiating element shorted to the ground plane. The length of the element determines the resonant frequency. The feed point is located along the centerline of the antenna length and the input impedance can be varied by moving the feed point along the centerline from the center point to the end of the antenna without affecting the radiation pattern. The antenna bandwidth increases with the width of the element and spacing between the element and ground plane. The element is shorted through the dielectric to the ground plane with rivets or plated-through holes at one end of the element length.
Patent•
04 Oct 1976TL;DR: In this article, a microstrip antenna design according to which the resonant frequency can substantially reduce for a given size radiator, or for which the size of the radiator can be reduced.
Abstract: A microstrip antenna design according to which the resonant frequency can substantially reduced for a given size radiator, or to which the size of the radiator can be reduced for a given resonant frequency. As will be seen, a microstrip antenna loading is accomplished through the removal of a central portion of the etched metal radiator, and the amount of loading is a function of the size of the central portion removed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of thin-film Bi/sub 2/O/sub 3/ overlay on a microstrip resonator has been studied and an improvement in Q suggests that Iower radiation loss may be achieved in this manner.
Abstract: The effect of thin-film Bi/sub 2/O/sub 3/ overlay on a microstrip resonator has been studied. An improvement in Q suggests that Iower radiation loss may be achieved in this manner.
Patent•
14 May 1976
TL;DR: In this article, a folded back doublet antenna including two symmetrical half-plates separd at their one ends by a cut, a long, continuous plate separated from one side of each of the halfplates by a gap, linking sections joining the other external ends of each half-plate to respective ends of the continuous plate, and a line feeding the antenna in the vicinity of the cut and extending along the axis of symmetry.
Abstract: A folded back doublet antenna including two symmetrical half-plates separd at their one ends by a cut, a long, continuous plate separated from one side of each of the half-plates by a gap, linking sections joining the other external ends of the half-plates to respective ends of the continuous plate, and a line feeding the antenna in the vicinity of the cut and extending along the axis of symmetry of the half-plates. The half-plates have a common width, which is much larger than the width of the continuous plate. The half-plates constitute an input side and the continuous plate constitutes a folded back side.
01 Oct 1976
TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental parametric study of a microstrip antenna is given, where the antenna is a flat, broadfolded dipole parallel to and at a short distance from a reflector plane.
Abstract: An experimental parametric study of a microstrip antenna is given. This antenna is a flat, broad-folded dipole parallel to and at a short distance from a reflector plane. Radiating characteristics are excellent, and in particular bandwidth is sufficient enough for various applications in spite of a very small antenna thickness. An assimilation to a couple of radiating series strip lines permits to explain the antenna functioning and to refind the experimental results. We take account of radiating resistance and ohmic resistance losses spread allover the strips lengths.
Patent•
10 Nov 1976TL;DR: In this article, a notched/diagonally fed electric microstrip dipole antenna consisting of a electrically conducting, rectangular-shaped element formed on one surface of a dielectric substrate, the ground plane being on the opposite surface.
Abstract: A notched/diagonally fed electric microstrip dipole antenna consisting of ahin electrically conducting, rectangular-shaped element formed on one surface of a dielectric substrate, the ground plane being on the opposite surface. The length of the element determines the resonant frequency. The feed point is in a notch located along the diagonal with respect to the antenna length and width, and the input impedance can be varied to match any source impedance by moving the feed point along the diagonal line of the antenna without affecting the radiation pattern. The antenna bandwidth increases with the width of the element and spacing between the element and ground plane. Singularly fed circular polarization is easily obtained with this antenna.
Patent•
14 Jun 1976
TL;DR: In this paper, a microstrip linear array of dipoles is disclosed wherein the dipoles are phased in alternate directions, thus enabling them to be spaced at approximately one-half wavelength intervals along or across the microstrip line instead of the typical one wavelength interval.
Abstract: A microstrip linear array of dipoles is disclosed wherein the dipoles are phased in alternate directions thereby enabling them to be spaced at approximately one-half wavelength intervals along or across a microstrip line instead of the typical one wavelength interval. An additional embodiment includes two linear arrays of oppositely polarized dipoles fed by tributary lines located at either side of a main microstrip line. Alternatively, first and second linear arrays of dipoles are disposed on opposite sides of a circuit board and the dipoles fed by microstrip line that evolves into a balanced two wire line. The ground plane on one side of the circuit board is made to gradually taper to a width equal to the microstrip line on the opposite side at which point the latter is called a two-wire line. Dipoles attached to each terminal of the two-wire line are offset in opposite directions in order to properly phase the currents on each dipole so that the currents flow in the same direction and the pair of dipoles radiates incident power with an omnidirectional pattern similar to a conventional dipole antenna.
Patent•
10 Nov 1976TL;DR: In this paper, two feed points are located along the centerlines of the antenna length and width or along the diagonal lines of the element, and the input impedances can be varied by moving the feed points along both centerlines or both diagonal lines from the centerpoint of an element.
Abstract: Circularly polarized microstrip antennas consisting of thin electrically ducting, square-shaped radiating elements formed on one surface of a dielectric substrate and having a ground plane on the opposite surface of the substrate. Two feed points are used to provide a circular polarized radiation pattern. The feed points are located along the centerlines of the antenna length and width or along the diagonal lines of the element and the input impedances can be varied by moving the feed points along both centerlines or both diagonal lines from the centerpoint of the element. The antennas can be notched in from the edges of the radiating element along the centerlines of the element width and length, or along opposite diagonal lines of the element, to the optimum input impedance match feed point.
01 Oct 1976
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the efficiency of an open circuit in microstrip circuits to both launch and receive surface waves, where the radiated waves from the open circuit are distinguished from the surface waves.
Abstract: The launching of surface waves by discontinuities in microstrip circuits can cause extra coupling between adjacent devices. This paper gives measurements of the efficiency of an open circuit in microstrip to both launch and receive surface waves. The measurement technique is described in which the radiated waves from the open circuit are distinguished from the surface waves. These results are then applied to the linear resonator and the open-circuited tuning stub in microstrip circuits. In particular, how their position on the microstrip substrate can effect their performance. Finally, the paper discusses how the surface waves can be reduced to increase isolation.
TL;DR: In this paper, a modification to earlier work is presented which allows for finite strip thickness in the calculation of microstrip impedance and line wavelength, which shows a considerable improvement in accuracy and scope over some earlier work which included strip thickness, but remains simple in form.
Abstract: A modification to earlier work is presented which allows for finite strip thickness in the calculation of microstrip impedance and line wavelength. It shows a considerable improvement in accuracy and scope over some earlier work which included strip thickness, but remains simple in form. Expressions are presented which allow calculation of Z and λg for any microstrip geometry and relative permittivity.
TL;DR: In this paper, a subroutine for microstrip-line parameters is described, which evaluates dispersive effects, microstrip dimensions, conductor attenuation and dielectric loss, and is used to evaluate the dispersive effect of microstrip lines.
Abstract: A subroutine for microstrip-line parameters is described which evaluates dispersive effects, microstrip dimensions, conductor attenuation and dielectric loss.
01 Jan 1976
TL;DR: In this paper, a design procedure for microstrip power dividers using a waveguide model with frequency-dependent parameters and a mode-matching method is presented, where a microstrip T-junction is matched by using a compensating element similar to a quarter wave transformer.
Abstract: A design procedure for microstrip power dividers is presented using a waveguide model with frequency-dependent parameters and a mode-matching method. A microstrip T-junction is matched by using a compensating element similar to a quarter-wave transformer. Plots of calculated and measured scattering parameters, as well as plots of the dimensions of the compensating element against centre frequency, are given.
TL;DR: In this article, a leaky-wave antenna using a grounded dielectric-artificial Dielectric (AD) slab is described and the propagation constant of this structure is evaluated by solving the dispersion relation.
Abstract: A leaky-wave antenna using a grounded dielectric-artificial dielectric (AD) slab is described. The propagation constant of this structure is evaluated by solving the dispersion relation. Various modes supported by this structure are discussed. This type of leaky-wave antenna is capable of producing extremely narrow beamwidths. An antenna using the dielectric-AD is compared with the AD antenna reported in [1]. It is found that for similar characteristics this modified antenna structure requires smaller thickness than the AD antenna. Theoretical and experimental results for radiation characteristics of this type of antenna are compared and found to be in good agreement.
01 Feb 1976
TL;DR: In this paper, a ground plane pierced periodically with resonant slots can, with proper design, transmit an incident plane wave with no loss at its resonant frequency but with loss at all other frequencies.
Abstract: : A ground plane pierced periodically with resonant slots can, with proper design, transmit an incident plane wave with no loss at its resonant frequency but with loss at all other frequencies. Such a structure is known variously as a periodic slot array or as a resonant window. These structures have application as radomes and in dual frequency antenna feeds.
01 Jan 1976