Showing papers on "Sodium silicate published in 1980"

Sodium-hydrogen interdiffusion in sodium silicate glasses

Abstract: The hydration of Na2O · 3 SiO2 glasses is studied using the sputter-induced photon spectrometry technique (SIPS) to measure the depth-profiles of hydrogen and sodium. The results clearly show a penetration of hydrogen and a leaching of sodium in the glass. The thicknesses of the hydrated layers are determined as functions of time and temperature. The thicknes dependence on the square root of time indicates that a diffusion process is in operation. The data are fitted to he Doremus model of interdiffusing ions and the diffusion coefficients for hydrogen and sodium are calculated.

Silicate species in solution. Part 1. Experimental observations

Abstract: Changes in the pH or concentration of sodium silicate solutions produce changes in the degree of polymerisation of the silicate species, and these have been followed by the technique of trimethylsilylation. Provided that the pH remains relatively high, above ca. 10 or 11 according to concentration, equilibrium is rapidly re-established after such changes. At lower pH, equilibrium is approached more slowly, and changes in distribution with time can be followed.

Method for manufacture of non-gelling, stable zeolite - inorganic salt crutcher slurries

Abstract: Gelation and setting of desirably miscible and pumpable aqueous crutcher slurries comprising zeolite (hydrated sodium aluminosilicate), sodium bicarbonate, sodium silicate and sodium carbonate are retarded and often are prevented by the addition of sodium sesquicarbonate (which also serves as a source of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate) after admixing of the zeolite, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate (if added earlier) and sodium silicate. Desirably, citric acid (and preferbly also, magnesium sulfate) is(are) dissolved in the crutcher medium before addition of the sodium sesquicarbonate but the presence(s) thereof is(are) not necessary. The method of the invention appreciably increases workable crutcher time, stabilizing the mix against gelation, compared to prior methods for the manufacture of similar crutcher mixes of similar contents of water, zeolite, bicarbonate, carbonate and silicate (considering the sesquicarbonate of the present method as a source of carbonate and bicarbonate), whether all the carbonate and bicarbonate are separately added to the crutcher before the silicate or are added partially before and partially after silicate addition. The improved workability and stability of the crutcher mix permit the making of higher solids content crutcher slurries, thereby resulting in significant energy savings and increases in production rates when such slurries are subsequently spray dried to produce free flowing zeolite - inorganic salt base beads, from which beads built or heavy duty detergent compositions may be made by post-spraying onto them a nonionic synthetic organic detergent in liquid state.

Silica from single phase controlled hydrolysis of silicate ester

Abstract: A method comprising combining a silicate ester and water under hydrolysis conditions in the presence of a sufficient amount of solvent that the reaction mixture remains as a single phase, adding sufficient acid neutralizing agent to form a gel and separating solvent and water from the resulting silica. In a preferred embodiment, the ester and water are added to a very small amount of solvent, the addition of water being sufficiently slow that it is added at about the rate it is used up in the hydrolysis reaction. The resulting silica does not require the washing step to remove alkali metal ions since it is not made from sodium silicate, and it has large pore structure because it can be made in a relatively concentrated solution because of the use of only a minimum amount of solvent and also because the hydrolysis is carried out under conditions wherein only a single phase is produced. The resulting silica is suitable for chromatographic columns and fillers in rubber and plastics but is of primary utility as a base for a chromium oxide catalyst because of its simplicity in production and inherent large pore volume.

Method of synthesizing zincosilicate or stannosilicate or titanosilicate material

Abstract: Sodium zinco/stanno/titano-silicate is synthesized by mixing a concentrated aqueous sodium zincate, stannate or titanate solution with a source of silica (e.g. powdered glass or sodium metasilicate solution) in the ratio 60 g sodium silicate to sodium zincate equivalent to 8.1 g zinc oxide, keeping the temperature at 40° C. for 1/2 hour, diluting threefold with water of 20° C., allowing a precipitate to form overnight, and filtering and drying the residue at 110° C. The resulting sodium zincosilicate may be used in its own right as a water softener or may be converted by cation exchange into any other desired zincosilicate.

Mössbauer studies on some glasses and crystals in the Na2OFe2O3SiO2 system

Abstract: Mossbauer absorption measurements have been made at room temperature on 57Fe in iron sodium silicate glasses containing 3–15 mol% Fe2O3 and various iron alkali silicate crystals in order to study the state of iron in these glasses. The spectra of all the glasses gave one doublet with a quadrupole splitting varying from 0.73–0.78 mm s−1, while those of Na2O · Fe2O3 · 4 SiO2 and 5 Na2O · Fe2O3 · 8 SiO2 crystals showed much smaller quadrupole splitting, 0.28 mm s−1 and 0.10 mm s−1, respectively, and an asymmetrical doublet of much narrower linewidth. When sodium was replaced by other alkali metals of larger size, such as K and Cs, in MFeSi2O6 and MFeSi3O8 crystals, the quadrupole splitting became wider and approached to 0.73 mm s−1. Such a variation was not observed for glasses. These results suggest that a larger number of non-identical sites exist in iron sodium silicate glasses than in the corresponding crystals.

Process for the manufacture of sodium silicate

Abstract: The present invention comprises a process for the manufacture of a sodium silicate solution in a continuous manner from a silicon dioxide-containing material, comprising continuously adding to a reaction zone a stream of said silicon dioxide-containing material and a stream of a sodium hydroxide-sodium carbonate solution, reacting said silicon dioxide-containing material and said sodium hydroxide-sodium carbonate at a temperature and pressure and for a time sufficient to form a sodium silicate solution, and recovering said sodium silicate solution from the reaction zone.

Foam composition and process

Abstract: Improved mineral foam compositions comprising liquid sodium silicate, an alkali metal hydroxide, a filler material selected from fly ash, pozzolan, or mixtures thereof, and silicon. A process for making the subject compositions is also provided.

Formation of heating surface on aluminum material

Abstract: PURPOSE:To form a heating surface with superior characteristics by chemically treating an Al material with an acid-contg. treating soln. and with a specified treating soln. in succession. CONSTITUTION:An Al material is chemically treated with an acid-contg. treating soln. to form a chemical film such as a chromate film, a zirconium film or a phosphate film beforehand. Next, the material is chemically treated with a treating soln. of 6-12pH contg. silicate such as sodium silicate or potassium silicate at 0.0005- 1.0mol/l concn., tannic acid or its salt at 0.001-1.0mol/l concn. or silica sol at 0.0001-40% concn. as SiO2 for 1-60min to form a rough heating surface film with superior characteristics.

Encapsulating sealant compositions for friable insulation materials

Abstract: A penetrating sealant composition useful for encapsulating a friable material which is designed to be stored in two parts, one of said parts comprising an aqueous silicate solution comprising a water soluble alkali metal silicate such as potassium silicate or a mixture of potassium silicate and sodium silicate and a cationic or nonionic surfactant and the other part comprising an acrylic polymer dispersion component comprising an acrylic polymer latex and a reagent that reacts with alkali metal silicate. The two parts are mixed to provide a blended composition having a solids content between 20 and 65 weight percent. The sealant composition is particularly useful for friable asbestos-containing materials and the cured sealant provides a physically tough flexible barrier.

Mixed alkali silicate compositions for coatings and cements

Abstract: Water-soluble, curable silicate compositions comprising sodium silicate and potassium silicate for use as coatings or cements are disclosed.

Self-hardening composition and composite therefrom

Abstract: A self-hardening composition consists essentially of 3-5% by weight of an alkaline earth metal chloride, 0.5-1.5% by weight of calcium metasilicate, 0.5-1.5% by weight of sodium fluorosilicate, 30-40% by weight of sodium silicate, 0.02-0.04% by weight of aluminum silicate clay and water. Composites made therefrom can include expanded aggregate material and/or reinforcing fibers, as extenders, or to impart control over the open curing time to preset requirements.

Heavy duty laundry detergent

Abstract: This invention relates to heavy duty laundry detergent compositions comprising a water-soluble mixture of paraffin sulfonate detergent, olefin sulfonate detergent and sodium silicate plus a water-insoluble molecular sieve or colloidal silica.

Process for the preparation of stable silica sol

Abstract: Stable, colloidal, silica sol is provided by a process which comprises vigorously mixing a slurry of calcium silicate with a dilute acid having a pKa value of less than about 8, such as sulfuric acid, and thereafter separating the sol from the insoluble precipitate of calcium salt. The process provides an inexpensive method for production of the sol as opposed to those methods which currently use sodium silicate as the starting material.

Metal-substituted a-type zeolite and its manufacture

Abstract: PURPOSE: To manufacture inorg. powder usable as an additive for improving the physical properties of various kinds of org. substances, a filler or a catalyst by substituting divalent metallic ions for part of the Na of sodium A-type zeolite. CONSTITUTION: An aqueous soln. of sodium silicate is mixed with an aqueous soln. of sodium aluminate in 0.5W3mol ratio of SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 without causing back mixing, and the resulting amorphous aluminosilicic acid gel is aged to form sodium A-type zeolite crystals. The crystals are separated by filtration, washed in water, dispersed in water again, and brought into contact with an aqueous soln. of salt of Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr or other divalent metal having >5pH to substitute metallic ions for part of the Na ions. Thus, metal-substituted A type zeolite powder contg. residual Na ions by ≤10% as Na 2 O is manufactured. This powder has a uniform particle size distribution in which ≤6μm particle size occupies ≥80%. COPYRIGHT: (C)1982,JPO&Japio

High temperature resistant coating composition

Abstract: A protective coating composition suitable for refractory brick or refractory linings and materials exposed or subjected to high temperatures is provided. The composition comprises about 40 to 95 wt. % zirconium silicate, up to 30 wt. % sodium silicate, 1 to 10 wt. % mullite, up to about 5 wt. % magnesium silicate, 1 to 10 wt. % aluminum hydrate, the remainder water, the composition capable of withstanding temperatures up to 4,000° F.

Silanated calcium carbonate fillers

Abstract: Calcium carbonate is rendered receptive to silanation by pretreatment with soluble sodium silicate.

Mold additive for continuous casting

Abstract: PURPOSE:To mold additive for continuous casting which is obtained by mixing alkali silicate glass at the specific ratio in the powder of the amorphous basic fluorine-contained calcium silicate of less contents of oxides of Al and Fe as impurities and which is inexpensive and has higher cleaning capacity for slab surfaces CONSTITUTION:The powder of the fluorine-contained calcium silicate shown by general formula yCaOSiO2xF and the powder of alkali silicate glass such as sodium silicate are mixed and the mixture is granulated by a water glass solution, whereby the mold additive for continuous casting is prepared In this case, the values of x, y in the above formula are the values within the range where the A, B, C, D of the figure are encircled and the water granulated slag by-produced at the production of white phosphorus of 10% or less in contents of Al2O3, Fe2O3 as impurities is used The compounding ratios are: The molar ratios of Na2O or K2O: CaOSiO2: F of the alkali silicate glass are 01-03:08-15:03-08

Method of synthesising sodium zincosilicate and stannosilicate and ion-exchanged products thereof,detergent formulations containing the sodium zincosilicate or stannosilicate products and catalysts or catalyst supports containing the ion-exchanged products

Abstract: Sodium zinco/stanno/titano-silicate is synthesised by mixing a concentrated aqueous sodium zincate (stannate, titanate) solution with a source of silica (e.g. powdered glass or sodium metasilicate solution) in the ratio 60g sodium silicate to sodium zincate equivalent to 8.1g zinc oxide, keeping the temperature at 40°C for hour, diluting threefold with water of 20°C, allowing a precipitate to form overnight, and filtering and drying the residue at 110°C. The resulting sodium zincosilicate may be used in its own right as a water softener or may be converted by cation exchange into any other desired zincosilicate.

Manufacture of steel product with superior suitability to pickling

Abstract: PURPOSE:To remarkably enhance the suitability of secondary scale on the surfaces of steel products to pickling by coating the products with an agent enhancing the suitability of secondary scale to pickling and with an antioxidant in order before hot-rolling the products CONSTITUTION:Before hot-rolling steel products heated to 1,100-1,400 degC, the products are coated with very finely powdered SiC having using a binder such as sodium silicate or polyphosphoric acid, and they are further coated with an antioxidant consisting of Cr2O3, chamotte, SiO2, Al and sodium silicate The coated steel products are then hot-rolled and hot-coiled Thus, secondary scale is formed by a very small amount during the hot-rolling and the following process, and it can be removed thoroughly by pickling with an aqueous soln of hydrochloric acid or the like in a short time

Soil stabilization method

Abstract: PURPOSE: To shorten the time for preparing a soil stabilizer, by a method wherein as components of a soil stabilizer, an aq. soln. of sodium silicate and another aq. soln. component contg. sodium hydrogensulfate together with potassium chloride are separately prepd., and both soln. are mixed together when applied. CONSTITUTION: Before applying, the following liquids A and B are separately prepd. When applied, both liquids are mixed together, and injected into a soil to cause the mixed liquid to gel in the soil, whereby the soil is stabilized. When the above liquid B for use in the above method is prepd., potassium chloride is used together with sodium hydrogensulfate. The above liquid A consists of an aq. soln. of sodium silicate. The above liquid B consists of an aq. soln. of sodium hydrogensulfate alone, or an aq. soln. of a mixt. composed of sodium hydrogensulfate and (a) magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide and/or (b) at least one member selected from sodium dihydrogenphosphate, disodium hydrogenphosphate, sodium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium chloride and potash alum. COPYRIGHT: (C)1981,JPO&Japio

Developer for ooquinone diazide type photosensitive material

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a developer having high developing power and exhibiting superior stability in image reproduction even in high-temp. long-time development by blending a water soluble cationic polymer into an equeous solution of a specified alkali as a developer for an o-quinone diazide type photosensitive materal. CONSTITUTION:About 0.001-3wt% of a water soluble cationic polymer having an MW of about 1000-200000 is added to an aqueous solution containing an alkaline substance such caustic soda, caustic potash, tertiary sodium phosphate, tertiary postssium pbosphate or sodium silicate to prepare a developer. The solution has an alkali concentration of about 0.3-2.5wt% as Na2O and an SiO2 concentration of about 0.4-2.5wt%. The above-mentioned polymer used is usually of quaternary ammonium salt type, and it may be a polymer containing a quaternary compound of trialkylamine and vinylbenzyl chloride or a cyclized polymer of dialkyldiallylammonium halide.

Surface treatment of stainless steel

Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain a stainless steel surface of superior gloss other than corrosion resistance by subjecting a stainless steel with a BA film or a passive state film to cathodic treatment under specific conditions in treating liquid contg. phosphoric acid, chromic acid, and particularly specific concns. of MgO and sodium silicate. CONSTITUTION: A stainless steel having a BA film or a passive state film is immersed in treating liquid of 0.1W50.0% chromic acid, and 0.1W10.0% MgO or sodium silicate or 0.1W2% sum total of both by weight. It is then subjected to cathodic treatment at ≤5A/dm 2 current density and 10W90°C liquid temps. Here, no cathodic treatment effect is obtained unless said film is beforehand formed. If the MgO or sodium silicate or the sum total of both is below the lower limit, there is no effect of annihilating gloss, and if in excess of the upper limit, they separate into a gel form in the case of sodium silicate and provide no gloss in other case. At the current density in excess of the upper limit, no gloss is obtained and this is uneconomical. COPYRIGHT: (C)1982,JPO&Japio

Ageing resistant fire protection medium - is based on water-contg. sodium silicate also contg. potassium and/or magnesium silicate content

Abstract: In the compsn. 15-40% (wt.%) of the sodium silicate is replaced by potassium- or magnesium-silicate. The material pref. contains 20-50% (25-40%) water. A pref. material is one in which 20-35% of the sodium silicate is replaced by potassium silicate, esp. where the latter has a molar ratio (R) of K2O:SiO2 or 1:1 to 1:6, partic. 1:2 to 1:4. The compsn. pref. also contains the usual addns., e.g. wetting agents, foamants, dyes, pigments, reinforcement, esp. using 2-20% glass fibres. The material is pref. made by adding the K or Mg-silicate as solids or an aq. suspension, together with any addns., to an aq. suspension of the Na silicate. Used in the insulation and protection of openings and corridors against the ingress of fire and smoke in buildings, or as a fire protection glass.

Silylation of water glass. I. Solvent extraction and trimethylsilylation of silicic acid

Abstract: Homogeneous trimethylsilylation of silicic acid in nonaqueous media was studied. The silylation process consisted of three steps: acidification of sodium silicate, solvent extraction. and trimethylation of silicic acid. Sodium silicate was first acidified with dilute sulfuric acid to form silicic acid: extraction followed with hydrophilic organic solvents. The Silicic acid obtained was finally allowed to react with trimethylchlorosilane to give trimethylsilylates with molecular weights of 1000–12,000. Optimum conditions for each step have been intensively sought to achieve trimethylsilylates in high yield. The trimethylsilylates exhibited excellent thermal stability and surface properties, such as water repellency and antifoaming properties, comparable to those of conventional polydimethylsiloxanes.

Non-combustible and heat-resistant agent for fixing anchor bolt in hole

Abstract: PURPOSE: To prepare the non-combustible titled fixing agent which does not lower the pull-out resistance, aseismicity, etc., by compounding an aqueous solution of a water-soluble alkali silicate as a binder, and a specific inorganic compound as a curing agent, with aggregate. CONSTITUTION: (A) 100pts.wt.of an aqueous solution of a water-soluble alkali silicate of formula (M is alkali metal, m is 1W7; n≥0) having a viscosity of 100W 10,000 CP, pref. 1,000W5,000 CP (e.g. sodium silicate) is charged as a binder into an outer tube or an inner tube, and (B) 10W80pts.wt. of an inorganic compound which forms a solid reaction product by reacting with the component (A) (e.g. calcium aluminate) is charged as a curing agent into the inner tube or the outer tube. The (A) component and the (B) component are separately excapsulated in one capsule by the process. The component (A) and/or the component (B) is mixed with (C) 100W300pts.wt. of aggregate (e.g.siliceous material) before encapsulation. COPYRIGHT: (C)1982,JPO&Japio

Construction of building materials

Abstract: A process for the production of construction material comprising the steps of: 1 heating soil to a temperature sufficient to destroy substantially the property of the soil to swell with changing levels of moisture without causing any of the soil constituents to melt, which temperature will normally lie between 500° and 750° C depending upon the soil type, 2 adding to the soil, either before or after the heating step, iron oxide in a finely divided form, to form a mixture and 3 introducing into, or creating within, the mixture a solution of sodium silicate, such as by adding an aqueous solution of sodium silicate to the mixture or by adding to the mixture a strong solution of sodium hydroxide and a silica source The construction material formed by the process, and articles formed thereform, form part of the invention The construction material could be used for the production of articles such as bricks or tiles or for the formation of massive structures such as building foundations or road bases