Showing papers on "Sodium sulfate published in 1970"

Comparative studies on the nitrogen solubility of mung beans, pea beans and red kidney beans

Abstract: SUMMARY The effect of pH and some salts on the extraction of nitrogenous matter from mung beans, pea beans and red kidney beans has been studied. The nitrogen solubilities of these beans were found to be strongly pH-dependent. The amount of nitrogen extracted at alkaline pH is greater than that produced at either neutral or acidic PH. Minimum points of nitrogen dispersion occurred at pH 4.0. Salts dispersed more nitrogenous constituents from the beans than did water. Dilute solutions of sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, calcium chloride and magnesium chloride were found to have an inhibitory effect on the dispersion of the nitrogenous matter of the beans. Alkaline salts such as sodium carbonate, disodium phosphate and sodium citrate appeared to be fairly effective dispersing agents, and the exact amount of nitrogen extracted was dependent upon the concentration of the salt solution.

Bifunctional cation exchange membranes and their use in electrolyticcells

Abstract: A cation exchange membrane containing functional groups of both the sulfonic acid and carboxylic acid radicals which allows the membranes to maintain its conductivity throughout the entire pH range. This unique property gives this high capacity -pH insensitive membrane particular value in electrolytic cells as hydraulic diaphragms to separate a basic solution from an acid solution as is encountered in caustic-chlorine cells or other type cells which electrolytically decompose neutral salt solutions such as sodium sulfate into their basic and acidic components of caustic soda and sodium acid sulfate. The capacity of this membrane is much higher than the presently known sulfonic acid salt types.

Separation of components from a reaction product mixture of water isobutyric acid and methacrylic acid by phase separation and distillations

Abstract: To separate aqueous and organic components of a mixture of isobutyric acid, water and methacrylic acid, the mixture is initially separated by salting out by means of a water soluble electrolyte e.g. sodium sulfate, which causes separation of aqueous and organic phases. Residuals in each phase are distilled off as a low-boiling mixed distillate resembling an azeotropic mixture which is returned for repeated separation by salting-out. Organics are further separated by fractional distillation.

Application of the Continuous Variation Method to the Conductometric Determination of Formation Constants–Hexamminecobalt(III) Chloride - Sodium Sulfate and Tris(ethylenediamine) cobalt(III) Chloride - Sodium Sulfate Systems

Abstract: The conductance behavior of mixtures was investigated with the following systems in aqueous solutions of various ionic strengths at 25°C; NaCl - KCl, NaCl - NaClO4, NaCl - Na2SO4, [CO-(NH3)6] Cl3 - Na2SO4 and [CO(en)3]Cl3 - Na2SO4. Appreciable deviations of the measured conductivities from additivity were observed in the last two systems involving the cobalt(III) complexes. The deviation was attributed to the ion-pair formation of the complex cations with sulfate ions; the ion-pair formation constants at various ionic strengths were determined by means of computer analysis of the deviation without relying on the Onsager conductance equation. The thermodynamic ion-pair formation constants at 25°C were as follows: logK=3.53 for [CO(NH3)3+·SO42− and logK=3.60 for [CO(NH3]3+·SO42−. The analysis of conductance behavior of mixtures was proved to be a useful method of studying ion-pair formation particularly at relatively high ionic strengths.

Preparation of finely divided calcium silicate

Abstract: A new type of finely divided calcium silicate has been produced by reacting calcium sulfate with sodium silicate an amounts to form theoretically a composition containing from about 07 to about 40 moles of SiO2 for each mole of CaO The by-product sodium sulfate is removed from the calcium silicate by washing

Method and materials used for hatching brine shrimp

Abstract: A method and materials used to provide an aquatic life habitat for hatching brine shrimp or similar crustaceans in tap water to give the appearance of instantaneous hatching. To a convenient amount of tap water a dry conditioning mixture comprising iodinefree sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, potassium chloride is added. The conditioning mixture also contains a dehydrating agent such as calcium chloride, a chlorine removing agent such as sodium thiosulfate, and a quantity of dried eggs of Artemia salina type or the like. The aqueous medium is allowed to stand at room temperature for a period of 24 to 36 hours. To this treated, aged and purified aqueous habitat medium, a second mixture comprising magnesium sulfate, borax and sodium crystals, yeast, additional dried eggs, a dehydrating agent and a water-soluble dye is added.

Salting effects in several alcohol-electrolyte-water systems

Abstract: : Salting effects of sodium sulfate, potassium fluoride, potassium chloride, sodium perchlorate, and perchloric acid on cyclohexanol, 1-pentanol, and 1-butanol were determined by measuring the solubilities of the alcohols in the various electrolyte solutions. Solubilities were determined by color development and spectrophotometry. The relevant Setschenow parameters are reported. There was no apparent correlation between the salting effect and the dipole moment of the alcohol. These data can be used to interpret results of studies of the adsorption of the alcohols at electrode surfaces in the presence of these salts. (Author)

Inhibition of sodium bicarbonate crystallization during crystallization of other materials using polyphosphates

Abstract: A process of separating a material consisting of at least one salt selected from the group consisting of sodium tetraborate and sodium sulfate from aqueous solutions containing the same and sodium bicarbonate. An alkali metal polyphosphate, such as sodium hexametaphosphate, is contacted with the aqueous solution to prevent the nucleation and crystallization of sodium bicarbonate while the material is crystallized from the solution and recovered. The sodium bicarbonate subsequently also may be recovered from the solution.

Solid lubricant composition and method of preparation

Abstract: A lubricating agent suitable for use in the preparation of water soluble tablets and a method of its preparation are disclosed. The agent comprises in combination a composition of substantially anhydrous sodium sulfate and a dimethylpolysiloxane.

Electron spin resonance studies of Cr3+ impurities in soda alum

Abstract: The electron spin resonance of Cr3+ impurities was studied in two types of crystals which grew out of a saturated solution containing a mixture of sodium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, and chromium sul...

Oxidation of Vanadium(II) by Nitrate Ion

Abstract: The oxidation rates of vanadium(II) to vanadium(III) by nitrate ion were determined from the time dependence of the polarographic diffusion currents. As supporting electrolytes sodium perchlorate and sodium sulfate were used. The oxidation rates were linearly dependent on hydrogen ion concentration in strongly acidic solutions (pH<2) and independent in weakly acidic solutions (pH<2). Polarographic half-wave potentials, reversibility and diffusion currents indicated that vanadium(II) in sulfate medium formed a sulfato-complex or an ion-paired species which was oxidized faster than V2+ (hydrated) in perchlorate medium. The oxidation in sulfate medium proceeded mainly by a single two-electron oxidation, and further reaction between vanadium(II) and vanadium(IV) yielded a stable dimer of vanadium(III) detected by absorption experiments. The rates measured in various halide solutions, except fluoride, gave almost the same rate constants in perchlorate medium. The gaseous products from nitrate ion were identifi...

Salt-Bath Process for the Chemical Finishing of Cotton

Abstract: Wet fixation of durable-press resins in cotton fabrics has been accomplished by immersing the cloth, padded with re actants and catalyst, in a hot, concentrated solution of sodium sulfate or other ...

Process for making mixtures of sodium polyphosphates and sodium sulfate

Abstract: MIXTURES OF SODIUM SULFATE AND SODIUM POLYPHOSPHATES, PARTICULARLY, SODIUM TRIPOLYPHOSPHATES ARE PREPARED IN LOW BULK DENSITY, HIGH RELATIVELY NON-FRANGIBLE, GRANULAR YIELDS BY SPRAY DRYING AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF MONOSODIUM/DISODIUM ORTHOPHOSPHATE SALTS HAVING AN NA2O:P2O5 RATIO OF FROM 1 TO 2, AND SODIUM IN COMBINATIONS OF 10% TO 90%, HYDRATING THE SPRAY DRIED PRODUCT OR THE FINES TO A LO1 OF BETWEEN ABOUT 10% AND ABOUT 50% AND INTERMOLECULARLY DEHYDRATING THE HYDRATED PRODUCT IN A FLUIDIZED CONVERTER AT A TEMPERATURE OF BETWEEN ABOUT 200*C. AND 500*C. TO PROVIDE THE DESIRED PRODUCT. THE PRODUCT OF THE PROCESS IS USEFUL AS A DETERGENT BUILDER.

Self-bonding rayon

Abstract: A NON-WOVEN WEB IS PREPARED FROM VISCOSE COMPRISING 1 TO ABOUT 6.5% CELLULOSE, FROM ABOUT 0.6 TO ABOUT %% SODIUM HYDROXIDE BASED ON THE WEIGHT OF VISCOSE, AND FROM ABOUT 27-40% CARBON DISULFIDE BASED ON THE WEIGHT OF CELLULOSE, THE SAID VISCOSE IS EXTRUDED INTO AN AQUEOUS BATH CONTAINING 9 TO 25% SULFURIC ACID, FROM 0 TO ABOUT 0.15% ZINC SULFATE AND FROM ABOUT 0.3 TO ABOUT 23% SODIUM SULFATE TO FORM FILAMENTS. THE SAID FILAMENTS ARE STRETCHED FROM 0 TO 30% OF THEIR SPUN LENGTH, CUT INTO STAPLE FIBERS WHILE IN THE WET GEL STATE AND FORMED INTO A NON-WOVEN WEB.

Polyamide-Silica Gel Mixed Layer Chromatography of Water Soluble Vitamins

Abstract: The water soluble vitamins were well separated on the polyamide-silica gel G(2: 1) mixed layer with 10% ammonium chloride solution, 10% sodium citrate solution, and 10% sodium sulfate solution. The mixed layer is firmly bonded and easy to handle and store.