Showing papers on "Value chain published in 2003"

Models for Supply Chains in E-Business

Abstract: Supply chain management is likely to play an important role in the digital economy. In this paper, we first describe major issues in traditional supply chain management. Next, we focus our attention on the supply chain issues of visibility, supplier relationships, distribution and pricing, customization, and real-time decision technologies that have risen to importance with the prevalence of e-business. We present an overview of relevant analytical research models that have been developed in these areas, discuss their contributions, and conclude with a discussion on future modeling opportunities in this area.

Adopting new technologies for supply chain management

Abstract: Integration of supply chain activities and the technologies to accomplish it have become competitive necessities in most industries. Accordingly, the trend toward greater use of supply chain technologies is on a clear path forward. As one manager has noted: “With almost daily technology advancement globally in every facet of the business, organizations need to synchronize by adopting and implementing new electronic commerce and supply chain technology in order to protect market share, not to mention improve market penetration”. This paper develops a model of the key factors influencing the adoption of supply chain technology. The following set of variables were hypothesized to have a significant impact upon the pace of technology adoption: firm size, organizational structure, integration of supply chain strategy with overall corporate strategy, past financial performance, supply chain partner pressure, transaction climate and environmental uncertainty. The model provides a better understanding of the supply chain technology diffusion process. The paper also includes a survey, which has been developed to test the model.

Designing the distribution network in a supply chain

Abstract: This paper describes a framework for designing the distribution network in a supply chain. Various factors influencing the choice of distribution network are described. We then discuss different choices of distribution networks and their relative strengths and weaknesses. The paper concludes by identifying distribution networks that are best suited for a variety of customer and product characteristics.

Supply chain excellence : a handbook for dramatic improvement using the SCOR model

Abstract: To keep your sales, manufacturing, distribution, and inventory moving in perfect synchronization, you need a flawless, repeatable supply chain improvement approach that maximizes process efficiency, eliminates dysfunction, and aligns disparate organizations—globally. Supply Chain Excellence, ahead of the curve in its original edition, again breaks new ground with a highly compressed timeline for using the SCOR (Supply Chain Operations Reference) framework to plan and execute supply chain improvement. In addition to the value chain processes of DCOR and CCOR, the book is now adapted for use in an SAP environment, in global enterprises, and by small businesses. Featuring examples and experience from roughly 100 projects, the completely updated third edition refines the use of the scorecard for better process analysis; extends the approach to encompass implementation and strategy; and quantifies the financial value of supply chain improvement to demonstrate its importance in achieving lasting competitive advantage.

Managing the Supply Chain: The Definitive Guide for the Business Professional

Abstract: The value of information -- Supply chain integration -- Network planning -- Supply chain alliances -- Outsourcing, procurement, and supply contracts -- Product design and supply chain management -- Customer value -- Global issues in supply chain management -- Information technology.

Performance consequences of brand equity management: evidence from organizations in the value chain

Abstract: Evaluating the consequences of brand equity management is one of the most important measurement issues for intangible assets in the new economy. Studies have validated the effect of brand equity on the value of the firm and addressed the capital market effects of intangible associations such as brand value. Yet, there is not sufficient evidence on which dimensions of brand equity should be measured and monitored to support financial performance. Using regression analysis on a sample of managers in Austrian organizations, this study investigates the effect of perceived brand equity on brand profitability, brand sales volume, and perceived customer value. Results indicate strong support for measures of perceived quality, brand loyalty, and brand awareness as antecedents of firm performance, customer value and willingness to buy.

Implications of postponement for the supply chain

Abstract: As a marketing, logistics and manufacturing concept, postponement has been around in the literature for a long time. Its application can also be dated to the 1920s. However, only in recent times has it been used as a supply chain strategy. Postponement fosters a new way of thinking about product design, process design and supply chain management. In this paper, we rethink the supply chain from a postponement point of view and present the implications of postponement for the decoupling point, supply chain integration, control of the supply chain and capacity planning issues. The objective is to extend the significance of postponement towards the perspective of a holistic supply chain context.

The changing role of ports in supply-chain management: an empirical analysis

Abstract: As integrated supply-chain management (SCM) is now at the epicentre of business transformation, firms are breaking down boundaries between internal functions, as well as between the enterprise itself and key partners in the value chain (e.g. customers, distributors, suppliers and carriers). One of the main goals of such new management approach is to get everyone in the supply chain into a common platform of logistics transactions and information systems. Against such background, the aim of this work is to analyse how and if port operators can face the challenge of higher integration, on the assumption that the higher the integration between the actors the higher the competitiveness of the whole supply chain. Accordingly, we adopted an SCM approach in the analysis of the port of Le Havre in Renault's supply chain. More specifically, we referred to the Lambert tri-dimensional model based on supply chain's structure (actors), key business processes and links between actors. The field work—which mainly consis...

Supply chain collaboration: the key to value creation

Abstract: As global markets grow increasingly efficient, competition no longer takes place between individual businesses, but between entire supply chains. Collaboration can provide the competitive edge that enables all the business partners in a supply chain to prevail and grow. This paper presents a framework for customer‐supplier collaboration that facilitates effective and efficient supply chain operation. The paper reveals that the level of involvement of customers and suppliers differs across different supply chain processes and also across different sectors. While the involvement of customers is high in demand management and product development, the involvement of suppliers is high in transportation and inventory management processes. The paper also reveals that about 50 percent of the organizations surveyed indicate that suppliers and customers have little or virtually no role in the demand management, inventory management, and product development processes.

Supply chain management practices in Indian industry

Abstract: Increasing uncertainty of supply networks, globalization of businesses, proliferation of product variety and shortening of product life cycles have forced Indian organizations to look beyond their four walls for collaboration with supply chain partners. With a gross domestic product (GDP) of over US$474.3 biilion, the Indian industry spends 14 percent of its GDP on logistics. Considering this scenario, it is necessary to study the supply chain practices being followed by the Indian industry and to suggest areas for improving the same. This paper is based on a joint survey, covering 156 organizations, carried out by Management Development Institute, Gurgaon and KPMG India. The paper primarily focuses on the status of four major supply chain dimensions. The paper recommends that the Indian industry should align supply chain strategy with business strategy, streamline processes for supply chain integration, form partnerships for minimizing inventory and focus on infrastructure and technology deployment to build a India‐specific supply chain.

Trends in industrial supply chains and networks

Abstract: Asks what really has changed for and what to expect from future supply chains. Most surveys rank activities related to sourcing, operations, customer services and marketing in terms of their importance to, or degree of hindrance for, successful supply chain management (SCM). In this explorative study, analyzes the change of SCM both in terms of operational practices and organizational capabilities in some industrial companies. A focused survey traces the development of supply chains and networks over two decades. Observes the expected growth in use of supporting IT systems, extent of information sharing and scope of coordination efforts. Characterizes the different stages supply chain evolution on the basis of supply chain integration and changing roles and responsibilities of the companies. It seems that due to the continuous structural change of the business environment the very concept of supply chain, let alone the best practice of managing one, should be subject to re‐examination in a wider context. In order to reach the current ideal of SCM practices, the strategic preconditions for innovative networking also need to be in place.

Strategic supply chain mapping approaches

Abstract: There are a number of compelling reasons to build a strategic supply chain map. However, widely accepted conventions for this kind of mapping do not yet exist. The strategic map provides a tool for linking corporate strategy to supply chain strategy and for helping to manage and modify the supply chain structure. Before the discipline addresses the process of building strategic supply chain maps, there is a need for mapping conventions and a framework for categorizing strategic supply chain maps.

Распространение положительного влияния глобализации: анализ "цепочек" приращения стоимости

Abstract: In recent years globalisation has been associated with growing inequality both among countries and inside their borders as well as with increasing number of people living in poverty. Among those participating in globalisational processes losers can also be found. The article discusses ways to provide under such conditions stable income growth of poor people and poor countries. It is essential to determine means of design and production of goods including internal company structure and relations among companies as well as possibilities of interaction of poor producers and poor countries with producers and consumers in the world economy. Value chain analysis covering the complete cycle of economic activity – from producing the product to its consuming and recycling – is an adequate instrument for assessing the effectiveness of private and public enterprises. Moreover, it helps to deeper understand the political tasks which arise before private and public sectors. Basic theories of value chain concept are considered in the article and specific examples of its implementation are given.

Factors influencing global supply chain efficiency: implications for information systems

Abstract: Gaining a competitive advantage in international supply chains requires matching the value‐adding activities of a chain with the unique comparative advantages offered by diverse nations that make up the chain. To do this, a supply chain manager must identify and control the factors that influence the performance of the chain in each of the three areas, namely, procurement, processing and distribution. Controlling these factors requires, among other things, setting up suitable information systems. This article provides a checklist of factors and offers suggestions for international supply chain managers to gain competitive advantage.

A cold chain network for food exports to developing countries

Abstract: This article examines the business relationships in the cold chain used for exporting food to new markets in developing countries. The American Potato Trade Alliance, a cross‐network alliance that includes all levels of the value chain, is the subject of case study research involving participant observation and fieldwork in the Philippines and Thailand. Multinational restaurant companies manage technical challenges in target markets with tight specifications and exclusive supply chains, while smaller firms use extensive networks to supply imported frozen potatoes. Pricing strategies for cold chain services are closely related to quality and potentially affect the availability of outsourced cold chain services. Opportunistic behavior by buyers could reduce incentives for private investment in cold chain infrastructure, while long‐term commitment by chain partners would strengthen the potential for private markets to provide cold chain services in newly developing markets.

Methods toward supply chain risk analysis

Abstract: Events like the 9/11 terrorist attack on the World Trade Center and the 11-day work stoppage at 29 West Coast ports have exposed the vulnerabilities of a key element of America's economic infrastructure-business supply chains. To sustain business in today's new risk environment, it is necessary to assess the vulnerability of business chains and develop continuity and operational plans to mitigate consequences and assure continuation of critical processes. This paper reviews existing techniques used in decision making for risk analysis and presents a modeling and analysis framework for assessing business risk and evaluating safeguards to secure the supply chain.

Locating global advantage: industry dynamics in the international economy

Abstract: This volume explores how industries organize their global operations through case studies of seven manufacturing industries. The chapters provide a nuanced understanding of the complex matrix of factor costs, access to inimitable capabilities, and time-based pressures that influence where firms decide to locate particular segments of the value chain.

Automated method of and system for identifying, measuring and enhancing categories of value for a value chain

Abstract: An automated method and system (100) for identifying, measuring and enhancing categories of value for the different levels of a value chain on a continual basis. The categories of value are analyzed at each level in the value chain using predictive models and vector creation algorithms to define the enterprise and element vectors before valuing the organization, each enterprise in the organization and the elements of value in each enterprise. The relative strengths of the intangible elements of value are used in evaluating the real options of each enterprise and in determining the allocation of industry real options to the enterprise and the organization before summary reports are prepared, displayed and optionally printed. The system then generates potential value improvements which the user (20) optionally accepts, rejects or modifies before simulations are completed to analyze the value impact of the enhancements.

The '' Indian'' supply chain architecture

Abstract: With close to 22 percent of aggregate industry sales tied up in inventories in the entire supply chain network, what is it that ails Indian industry? Is it the way Indian supply chains are configured – their orientation to processes to streamline business activities; their fusion of information technology to speed up business transactions; their approach to supply chain strategy to improve bottom line results – that has restricted them from achieving global standards? The article, based on a recently concluded nationwide study titled “Supply chain management practices in Indian Industry: 2000”, throws up glaring facts about the current architecture of supply chains in India. The article concludes that though some Indian organizations are moving fast towards improving supply chain efficiencies, most of them are still far from realising its effect on business performance.

Human resource issues, challenges and strategies in the Indian software industry

Abstract: This paper explores the burgeoning Indian software services industry by focusing on one of its critical challenges: human resource management. Using in-depth interviews of various stakeholders from a representative range of Indian software services organisations, the authors investigate characteristics of Indian software professionals and some of the key human-resource related issues and challenges in the industry; namely, voluntary attrition, reluctance to make a transition from technical to management positions, lack of managerial skills, difficulties with teamwork, work preferences and maintaining work-family balance. Finally, organisational strategies to effectively manage and motivate software professionals, such as moving up the value chain, creating learning opportunities, bifurcated career path, facilitating wealth generation and conducive work environment are explored.

Identifying the determinants of value in the U.K. red meat industry: A value chain analysis approach

Abstract: Value Chain Analysis (VCA) is a tool for analysing the nature and source of value within a supply chain and the potential for reducing waste therein, with the focus explicitly on the determinants of value within a manufacturing process rather than the simple measurement of process outputs. The tool has been successfully applied in recent years within the motor and information technology industries, to assist forward thinking businesses to survive in an increasingly competitive environment. VCA within the food industry faces the challenge where transactional relationships between trading partners remain the norm. This paper reports the results from the first of a series of Government sponsored VCA projects in the U.K. red meat industry. The paper explains the rational for VCA, describes the methodology and reports the findings from a case study involving a food multiple retailer, a meat processor and a livestock producer. Insights are presented into the potential for the use of VCA in the U.K. food industry and the specific issues that researchers need to be mindful of when embarking on a VCA project. The paper concludes by identifying key areas in which further research is required to develop the methodology to suit the unique characteristics of the food industry.