Showing papers on "Wireless WAN published in 2018"

Internet of Things Based Wireless Body Area Network in Healthcare

Abstract: Internet of things (IoT) based wireless body area network in healthcare moved out from traditional ways including visiting hospitals and consistent supervision. IoT allow some facilities including sensing, processing and communicating with physical and biomedical parameters. It connects the doctors, patients and nurses through smart devices and each entity can roam without any restrictions. Now research is going on to transform the healthcare industry by lowering the costs and increasing the efficiency for better patient care. With powerful algorithms and intelligent systems, it will be available to obtain an unprecedented real-time level, life-critical data that is captured and is analyzed to drive people in advance research, management and critical care. This chapter included in brief overview related to the IoT functionality and its association with the sensing and wireless techniques to implement the required healthcare applications.

Wireless Sensor Network: A Survey

Abstract: Internet of Things is a proposed germinates of internet in which everyday objects had network connectivity, allowing them to send and receive patient data. Wireless sensor network (WSN) refers a group of stereo metrically scattered and devoted sensors for observing and recording the physical conditions of ambience and formulate the collected data at central location. Though tremendous work has been done in the field of IOT concept wireless sensor network plays an important role in monitoring the patients and providing a medication. It is hindered from being beneficial to quality of services. This paper provides a survey on various techniques to address the challenges in wireless sensor networks.

Energy-Efficient and Distributed Network Management Cost Minimization in Opportunistic Wireless Body Area Networks

Abstract: Mobility induced by limb/body movements in Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) significantly affects the link-quality of intra-BAN and inter-BAN communication units, which, in turn, affects the Quality-of-Service (QoS) of each WBAN, in terms of reliability, efficient data transmission and network throughput guarantees Further, the variation in link-quality between WBANs and Access Points (APs) makes the WBAN-equipped patients more resource-constrained in nature, which also increases the data dissemination delay Therefore, to minimize the data dissemination delay of the network, WBANs send patients’ physiological data to local servers using the proposed opportunistic transient connectivity establishment algorithm Additionally, limb/body movements induce dynamic changes to the on-body network topology, which, in turn, increases the network management cost and decreases the life-time of the sensor nodes periodically Also, mutual and cross technology interference among coexisting WBANs and other radio technologies increases the energy consumption rate of the sensor nodes and also the energy management cost To address the problem of increased network management cost and data dissemination delay, we propose a network management cost minimization framework to optimize the network throughput and QoS of each WBAN The proposed framework attempts to minimize the dynamic connectivity, interference management, and data dissemination costs for opportunistic WBAN We have, theoretically, analyzed the performance of the proposed framework to provide reliable data transmission in opportunistic WBANs Simulation results show significant improvement in the network performance compared to the existing solutions

Cost-Effective and Anonymous Access Control for Wireless Body Area Networks

Abstract: Wireless body area networks (WBANs) are expected to play an important role in monitoring the health information and creating a smart, reliable, and ubiquitous healthcare system Only authorized users can access the network since the collected data by the WBANs are used to diagnosed and treated However, it is still a challenging task to design a cost-effective and secure access control scheme because of inherent characteristics of the WBANs, such as open medium channel, limited resources of sensor nodes, and the absence of fixed infrastructure In this paper, we first propose a novel certificateless signcryption scheme, and then, design a cost-effective and anonymous access control scheme for the WBANs using the novel signcryption The proposed access control scheme achieves anonymity, confidentiality, authentication, integrity, and nonrepudiation Compared with existing three access control schemes for the WBANs, our proposed scheme has the least computational cost and total energy consumption for the controller

OrthoNoC: A Broadcast-Oriented Dual-Plane Wireless Network-on-Chip Architecture

Abstract: On-chip communication remains as a key research issue at the gates of the manycore era. In response to this, novel interconnect technologies have opened the door to new Network-on-Chip (NoC) solutions towards greater scalability and architectural flexibility. Particularly, wireless on-chip communication has garnered considerable attention due to its inherent broadcast capabilities, low latency, and system-level simplicity. This work presents OrthoNoC , a wired-wireless architecture that differs from existing proposals in that both network planes are decoupled and driven by traffic steering policies enforced at the network interfaces. With these and other design decisions, OrthoNoC seeks to emphasize the ordered broadcast advantage offered by the wireless technology. The performance and cost of OrthoNoC are first explored using synthetic traffic, showing substantial improvements with respect to other wired-wireless designs with a similar number of antennas. Then, the applicability of OrthoNoC in the multiprocessor scenario is demonstrated through the evaluation of a simple architecture that implements fast synchronization via ordered broadcast transmissions. Simulations reveal significant execution time speedups and communication energy savings for 64-threaded benchmarks, proving that the value of OrthoNoC goes beyond simply improving the performance of the on-chip interconnect.

Evaluating Reliability/Survivability of Capacitated Wireless Networks

Abstract: In telecommunication network design problems, survivability and reliability are often used to evaluate quality of service while usually ignoring link capacity. In this paper, a new metric that combines network reliability with network resilience is presented to measure reliability/survivability effectively for capacitated networks. Capacitated resilience is compared with well-known network reliability/survivability metrics ( $k$ -terminal reliability, all-terminal reliability, traffic efficiency, and $k$ -connectivity), and its benefits and computational efficiency are discussed. An application is shown using heterogeneous wireless networks (HetNets). With the growing use of new telecommunication technologies such as 4G and wireless hotspots, HetNets are gaining more attention. The source of heterogeneity of a HetNet can either be the differences in nodes (such as transmission ranges, failure rates, and energy levels) or the differences in services offered in the network (such as GSM and WiFi).

Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks for Area Coverage in Microgrids

Abstract: Area coverage is a critical issue which will have a major impact on the sensing quality over targeted regions in wireless sensor networks. This paper studies the area coverage problem (ACP) with non-penetrable obstacles in microgrids, where a sensor cannot be deployed or sensing signals cannot pass through. The target coverage region is discretized in a deployment map representation of non-penetrable obstacles. A probability detection model is utilized to represent sensors with a variable distance coverage. The ACP is formulated as a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem and an iterative process is developed to solve the problem. The microgrid at Illinois Institute of Technology (IL Tech) is used as a practical example. Both the normal and the N-1 contingency deployments of sensors are simulated for optimizing the ACP at the IL Tech microgrid.

Mockets: a novel message-oriented communications middleware for the wireless internet

Abstract: Wireless networking is becoming increasingly important for ubiquitous access to the Internet and the Web. However, wireless networks exhibit significant reliability and performance problems, with frequent disconnections, congestions, and packet losses. For these reasons, the traditional TCP/IP suite, designed for wired networks, offers poor performance and inadequate communication semantics in this scenario. There are several research efforts in both protocols and communication infrastructures aimed at producing solutions better suited to wireless network characteristics. This paper presents Mockets, a novel communications middleware specifically designed for wireless networking scenarios. The Mockets middleware permits a communication endpoint to be moved from one node to another without interrupting the communication session. In addition, Mockets provides several delivery services with different communication semantics, semantic classification of data, cancellation/replacement of enqueued data, and priority/lifetime assignment to messages. Initial experimental results in a wireless network scenario show that the Mockets middleware achieves better performance levels than traditional TCP-based infrastructure.

Network Coding for Wireless Networks

Abstract: Network coding refers to a scheme where a node is allowed to generate output data by mixing (i.e., computing certain functions of) its received data. The unique characteristics of wireless medium renders network coding particularly useful. For instance, network coding can be used to achieve the minimum energy-per-bit for multicasting in a wireless ad hoc network. In addition to optimizing energy efficiency, the network coding based scheme has only polynomial time complexity, breaking through the NP-hardness barrier of the conventional routing approach. As another example, recently network coding has been developed into a link layer enhancement scheme. The network coding engine in the link layer can opportunistically mix the outgoing packets to reduce the transmissions in the air. This paper provides an overview of some recent development about using network coding in wireless networks, including (i) network coding for end-to-end multicasting, (ii) network coding in the link layer, and (iii) network coding in the physical layer.

SSDNet: Small-World Super-Dense Device-to-Device Wireless Networks

Abstract: In this article, we propose a novel networking paradigm called Small-world SSDNet, servicing applications such as public safety, proximity based services, and fog computing based on device-todevice multi-hop wireless communications. The "small-world" feature is determined by the service area, whose size is usually within a community level, and the well known small-world properties existing in SSDNets; the "super-dense" feature comes from the fact that the increased direct communication range and the popularity of 5G and IoT devices jointly result in a large number of devices within a single-hop communication range. This article first formally defines SSDNet. Then the challenges and the opportunities brought by the design and the implementation of the SSDNet protocols and applications are addressed. Finally, the broader discussions on issues relevant to modeling, engineering, and dissemination are provided.

Learning Time-Frequency Analysis in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract: Time-frequency analysis is one of essential signal processing tool for wireless sensor signal in Internet of Things (IoT), but its traditional processing approaches, such as short time-frequency transformation (STFT) and discrete wavelet transformation (DWT), are challenged by the limitation of capability to self-learn from unknown environments and adjust parameters adaptively. To address this problem, we propose to build up the deep learning network to learn time-frequency analysis to instead of traditional STFT and DWT approaches. With using typical neural network layers to remodel STFT and DWT operations, the proposed models consider the efficiency on both training and processing procedures and show their parameter adaptability and capability of deep feature extraction from sensor signals. Moreover, we demonstrate how to integrate learning time-frequency analysis networks into practical IoT applications, signal detection in noisy environment, and classifying of various modulated wireless sensor signal, by which their performance are further evaluated in terms of computation complexity and efficiency.

Radio terminal and WWAN-supporting base station

Abstract: A radio terminal according to an embodiment includes a controller having a function of switching data between a wireless wide area network (WWAN) and a wireless local area network (WLAN) based on information configured from the WWAN; and a transmitter configured to transmit, to the WWAN, a WLAN measurement report in response to satisfaction of a predetermined condition, the WLAN measurement report including: a WLAN measurement results; and a WLAN related identifier indicating a WLAN to which the radio terminal has been connected The predetermined condition includes a condition that the WLAN measurement is configured from the WWAN to the radio terminal

A Strategic Node Placement and Communication Method for Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract: In the field of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) most of the research is in the direction of saving energy and increasing the lifetime of wireless Sensor Networks. One of the ways by which we can save energy is by placing the nodes in an intelligent manner. In this paper, we propose a novel node deployment scheme where the nodes are first placed in a circular form and then in the next round we deploy the nodes in the form of a pentagon called penta circular node placement or hexagon called hexa circular node placement so that the whole area from where information has to be collected will be covered with minimum number of nodes. The performance of this novel node placement strategy is tested for energy consumption and network lifetime. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method gives better performance in terms of Delay Packet Delivery ratio and Energy consumption in comparison with existing methods.

Method and apparatus for context aware concurrent data transmission scheduling for pan radio technology

Abstract: A system and method including at least one wireless adapter for communicating on a plurality of available wireless links concurrently operating within a shared and licensed communication frequency band and an application processor executing code instructions of a radio resource management system for determining a plurality of optimal wireless links from the plurality of available wireless links within the shared communication frequency band at a location based on a spatial-temporal radio frequency profile indicating signal quality for the plurality of available wireless links. The application processor selects a WLAN wireless link and an unlicensed small cell WWAN wireless link from the plurality of optimal wireless links and determines local interference between the selected WLAN wireless link and the selected unlicensed small cell WWAN wireless link operating in the shared communication frequency band via execution of code instructions of a concurrent wireless link optimization system wherein if the determination of local interference between the selected WLAN wireless link and the selected unlicensed small cell WWAN wireless link reaches an interference threshold level, switching the unlicensed small cell WWAN wireless link to a licensed communication frequency band for small cell WWAN wireless communication.

Synchronous scanning terrestrial networks for measurements for crowdsourcing and positioning

Abstract: A mobile device synchronously scans different terrestrial networks for positioning measurements to align the scans in time With minimal time difference between the scans, the positioning measurements from the different terrestrial networks may be used for crowdsourcing or position determination The mobile device may synchronously scan a wireless wide area network (WWAN) and a local area wireless network so that positioning measurement derived from the scans are aligned in time A local area wireless network is, eg, a wireless local area networks (WLANs) or wireless personal area network (WPANs) but does not include cellular networks or satellite networks The scans may be scheduled at a hardware level to ensure tight synchronization with near-zero time difference between the scans Alternatively, the scans may be synchronized at a software level with only scans that occur within a time difference threshold from each other are used for crowdsourcing or positioning

Cellular wakeup receiver for reducing power consumption of user equipment employing lte-wlan aggregation

Abstract: A cellular wakeup receiver (C-WuRx) for reducing power consumption of a wireless wide area network (WWAN) radio of a user equipment (UE) includes receiver circuitry to receive a wakeup signal from a base station in response to the UE performing link aggregation by which downlink communications from the base station are offloaded to a wireless local area network (WLAN). The C-WuRx also includes processing circuitry to configure the receiver circuitry to periodically monitor at least a portion of a WWAN band for the wakeup signal and process the wakeup signal to cause the WWAN radio to resume receiving the downlink communications from the base station.

Web-based interactive positioning control of an electric flatcar via wireless network

Abstract: A large tank has been used for target strength pattern measurements of fish. It is equipped with an electric flatcar. Further an elevation-rotating unit runs on the rails above it. The probe on the top of its elevation unit is equipped with an attachment for an ultrasonic transducer. The manipulator probe is movable in the four directions of the x, y, z and θ axes. Installation of a remote control switch has been required for the purpose of efficient operation of an electric flatcar. A remote control system using a notebook personal computer has been developed with good cost performance. The PC is equipped with a wireless network interface card. A model of WEB direct-access monitoring has been designed newly on the basis of the concept that an operator can control a mechanical device using a WEB Browser via LAN. Furthermore it performs double exclusive control for access from multi PCs, and has made possible a controller and multiple-monitor system. The mission was performed for the purpose of evaluation of WEB operation. The result has made clear the specifications for motion, and an external interface of the electric flatcar is applicable to the new protocol developed for WEB Browser control.

Time Analysis of Data Exchange in Distributed Control Systems Based on Wireless Network Model

Abstract: The paper presents studies concerning time analysis of data exchange in distributed control based on Ethernet wireless network model and relevant Modbus protocol. Presented control system operated in a real-time system that was responsible for continuous-time and periodic event processing. The events appeared at the input of system which had to generate answers (events) at the output. External event response time is closely conditioned by time which means that such systems have to ensure that response time is not exceeded, regardless of the sequence of object events. It is essential to keep the time determinism in the functioning of all real-time, regardless of whether it is a single PLC driver or their group of distributed control system.

Method and apparatus for collaborative broadcast information reception

Abstract: As the variety and number of wireless client devices have increased, often there may be multiple client devices in close proximity of each other. In addition to the connectivity to the wireless wide area network (WWAN), the client devices may have short range link to directly connect with each other. Two or more client devices in a given area may be camped on the same cell of the same WWAN, and the client devices may be decoding the same broadcast information. A method and apparatus are disclosed such that a client device may decode the broadcast information from the WWAN and relay the WWAN broadcast information to other client devices over the short range link. This may enable other client devices to avoid having to decode the broadcast information directly from the WWAN which may reduce their power consumption and at times it may help the client devices for faster WWAN connection setup.

Methods and apparatus for supporting emergency broadcast services over local area networks

Abstract: Various features related to methods and apparatus for supporting broadcast services, e.g., emergency and/or commercial broadcast messages, over LANs, are described. In some configurations broadcast of emergency related messages is offloaded from a cellular network/WWAN to a WLAN, for transmission to devices over the WLAN thereby reducing the overload and/or cost associated with cellular networks and/or extending the emergency broadcast services to users who maybe out of WWAN coverage. Various configurations are described for routing of broadcast messages from the WWAN nodes to a WLAN AP via a WWAN ePDG. The WLAN AP may receive an emergency broadcast message from the ePDG, and broadcast the received emergency broadcast message in a data frame to at least one UE. The emergency broadcast message maybe routed through one or more of a CBC, an MME, an SGW, or a PGW to the ePDG.

Location in Wireless Local Area Networks

Abstract: References 87The development of localization technologies and the growing importance of ubiquitous and context-aware computing have led to a growing business interest in location-based applications and services. Most applications need to locate or track physical assets inside buildings accurately, thus the availability of advanced indoor positioning has become a key requirement in some markets. Unfortunately, this requirement cannot be met by the global positioning system (GPS), which is unable to provide valid location information in most existing indoor environments-especially far indoorsbecause the signals transmitted from the GPS satellites are blocked by walls. In addition, the GPS often fails in urban canyons due to buildings obstructing the path between the receiver and the satellites. Possible alternatives include wide area cellular-based positioning systems such as global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), and universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), but they are not accurate enough for some stringent location-based applications. Hence, localization techniques specifi cally designed for use indoors are currently being researched and developed in order to complement the GPS so that the continuous tracking of mobile targets, regardless of their environments, becomes feasible.

Energy-Efficient Packet Routing Model for Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract: Wireless sensor network (WSN) in recent time has seen enormous growth. The sensor has been used in various industries and organization for various application services such as disaster management, surveillance, monitoring of patients, and so on. The WSN are tiny and battery-powered and is deployed in non-rechargeable location and preserving the battery is a most crucial factor in such network. Many technique have been proposed in recent times to enhance the lifespan of sensor network among them cluster is the most sort-out technique. Many clustering have been proposed in recent times to improve the energy efficiency of sensor network. The drawback of existing technique is that they did not consider the packet failure likelihood among inter and intra; as a result there exist scheduling bottleneck and degrades the energy of sensor devices. To overcome‚ this work present a packet failure estimation model by adopting a cross-layer design in order to improve the scheduling. Experiments are conducted for lifetime efficiency for varied sensor devices for proposed and existing LEACH. The result shows that the proposed model performs better than existing LEACH in term of network lifetime and energy efficiency.

The Backbone Packet Radio Network coloring for Time Division Multiple Access link scheduling in Wireless Multihop Networks

Abstract: A radio network consists of a set of transceiver nodes in space that communicate using broadcast radio. Since communication is done over a shared medium, transmissions are subject to collisions. Different Medium Access Control techniques are used to avoid such collisions and subsequent data loss. In this article, we study Time Division Multiple Access link scheduling in Wireless Multihop Networks. We generalize the packet radio network (PRN)-coloring model that was used in previous works to obtain the Backbone PRN (BPRN)-coloring. The BPRN-coloring captures the fact that typically only a subset of links need to be scheduled, corresponding to the backbone network. We study the BPRN-coloring and the corresponding BPRN-chromatic index considering a rooted tree as backbone, motivated by applications in Wireless Sensor Networks. The BPRN-chromatic index is determined when the whole graph is either a complete graph or a cycle, and we give partial results in the case of a bipartite graph. We show that determining the BPRN-chromatic index is NP-hard even when the network graph is bipartite, and the backbone is an oriented tree toward a root vertex. Finally, we model a ring topology as the power of a cycle graph and give an upper bound on the BPRN-chromatic index. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2017

Random Mobility and Heterogeneity-Aware Hybrid Synchronization for Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract: Random mobility of a node in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) causes the frequent changes in the network dynamics with increased cost in terms of energy and bandwidth. During data collections and transmission, they need the additional efforts to synchronize and schedule the activities of nodes. A key challenge is to maintain the global clock scale for synchronization of nodes at different levels to minimize the energy consumption and clock skew. It is also difficult to schedule the activities for effective utilization of slots allocated for aggregated data transmission. The paper proposes the Random Mobility and Heterogeneity-aware Hybrid Synchronization Algorithm (MHS) for WSN. The proposed algorithm uses the cluster-tree for efficient synchronization of CH and nodes in the cluster and network, level-by-level. The network consists of three nodes with random mobility and are heterogeneous regarding energy with static sink. All the nodes and CH are synchronized with the notion of the global timescale provided by the sink as a root node. With the random mobility of the node, the network structure frequently changes causing an increase in energy consumption. To mitigate this problem, MHS aggregate data with the notion of a global timescale throughout the network. Also, the hierarchical structure along with pair-wise synchronization reduces the clock skews hence energy consumption. In the second phase of MHS, the aggregated data packets are passed through the scheduled and synchronized slots using TDMA as basic MAC layer protocol to reduce the collision of packets. The results are extended by using the hybrid approach of scheduling and synchronization algorithm on the base protocol. The comparative results show that MHS is energy and bandwidth efficient, with increased throughput and reduced delay as compared with state-of-the-art solutions.

Method and apparatus for context aware concurrent radio communication with co-existing WWAN and WLAN radios in shared spectrum

Abstract: A system and method including at least one wireless adapter for communicating on a plurality of available wireless links concurrently operating within a shared and licensed communication frequency band and an application processor executing code instructions of a radio resource management system for determining a plurality of optimal wireless links from the plurality of available wireless links within the shared communication frequency band at a location based on a spatial-temporal radio frequency profile indicating signal quality for the plurality of available wireless links. The application processor selects a WLAN wireless link and an unlicensed small cell WWAN wireless link from the plurality of optimal wireless links and determines local interference between the selected WLAN wireless link and the selected unlicensed small cell WWAN wireless link operating in the shared communication frequency band via execution of code instructions of a concurrent wireless link optimization system wherein if the determination of local interference between the selected WLAN wireless link and the selected unlicensed small cell WWAN wireless link reaches an interference threshold level, switching the unlicensed small cell WWAN wireless link to a licensed communication frequency band for small cell WWAN wireless communication.

Method for selecting a wireless access network

Abstract: The method involves receiving a request for attachment of a terminal (T1) e.g. Internet protocol telephone, to a public wireless access network i.e. local area network such as Wireless Fidelitynetwork. An identifier i.e. International mobile equipment identity number, of the terminal is compared with a set of terminal identifiers for connection to a private wireless access network i.e. wide area network (WAN). A message of refusal of attachment of the terminal to the public wireless access network is transmitted when the terminal is allowed to connect to the private network. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a communication equipment comprising a comparison unit (2) a computer program comprising instructions for performing a method for selecting a wireless access network (3) a recording medium comprising the computer program with instructions for performing the method for selecting the wireless access network.

Secure Energy-Efficient Clustering Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract: Every operation in wireless sensor network requires energy. So energy conservation is a major problem in WSN. As a solution for this problem, a joint optimization between medium access control and network layers can be done using received signal strength as a cross-layer parameter. A special kind of clustering is used for cluster formation, wherein each sensor node calculates its received signal strength from the base station. This parameter also considered for new cluster head selection. Moreover, security is also provided for data protection. Using an NS2 simulator, it is demonstrated that this cross-layer optimization reduces energy consumption and delay and increases network throughput and packet delivery ratio as compared with the existing method.

Adaptively supplementing wlan throughput with wwan data

Abstract: Examples described herein relate to supplementing wireless local area network (WLAN) connection of a wireless having multiple Subscriber Identity Modules (SIMs) in which at least one of the SIMs is associated with a Designated Data Service (DDS) subscription. A method includes connecting the wireless communication device with a wireless local area network (WLAN), receiving a request for transferring data, determining whether a WLAN link rate of the wireless communication device is less than a link rate threshold, transferring the data over the WLAN in response to determining that the WLAN link rate is not less than the link rate threshold, and transferring a first portion of the data over the WLAN and a second portion of the data via the DDS subscription in response to determining that the WLAN link rate is less than the link rate threshold.