Bernd Etzelmüller

TL;DR: Climate change strongly impacts regions in high latitudes and altitudes that store high amounts of carbon in yet frozen ground, and the authors show that the consequence of these changes is global warming of permafrost at depths greater than 10 m in the Northern Hemisphere, in mountains, and in Antarctica.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a review of the changing state of European permafrost within a spatial zone that includes the continuous high latitude arctic permfrost of Svalbard and the discontinuous high altitude mountain permaffrost of Iceland, Fennoscandia and the Alps.

TL;DR: In this article, an equilibrium state model for the temperature at the top of the permafrost (TTOP model) for the 2000-2016 period, driven by remotely-sensed land surface temperatures, down-scaled ERA-Interim climate reanalysis data, tundra wetness classes and landcover map from the ESA Landcover Climate Change Initiative (CCI), was employed.

TL;DR: A review of permafrost modelling advances can be found in this article, with an emphasis on spatial permafore models, in both arctic and high mountain environments, with an approach to defining the relationship between climate, site surface conditions and permafure status.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a snapshot of the permafrost thermal state in the Nordic area obtained during the International Polar Year (IPY) 2007-2009 Several intensive research campaigns were undertaken within a variety of projects to obtain this snapshot.