Institution
University Centre in Svalbard
Education•Longyearbyen, Svalbard and Jan Mayen•
About: University Centre in Svalbard is a education organization based out in Longyearbyen, Svalbard and Jan Mayen. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Arctic & Sea ice. The organization has 475 authors who have published 1529 publications receiving 49012 citations. The organization is also known as: UNIS.
Topics: Arctic, Sea ice, Glacier, Ice sheet, Permafrost
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
Conservation International1, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources2, Sapienza University of Rome3, Texas A&M University4, University of Cambridge5, Instituto Superior Técnico6, Zoological Society of London7, Arizona State University8, Columbia University9, National Scientific and Technical Research Council10, Wildlife Conservation Society11, Imperial College London12, National University of Tucumán13, University of the Philippines Los Baños14, University of Tasmania15, University of Edinburgh16, Earthwatch Institute17, Drexel University18, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais19, Global Environment Facility20, University of Alberta21, Smithsonian Institution22, Université de Sherbrooke23, University of Virginia24, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources25, University of Calgary26, James Cook University27, NatureServe28, University of St Andrews29, Australian National University30, University of Montana31, General Post Office32, University of Otago33, Field Museum of Natural History34, Wildlife Institute of India35, Tokyo Woman's Christian University36, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration37, University of Aberdeen38, University of the Witwatersrand39, University of Oxford40, University Centre in Svalbard41, Norwegian Polar Institute42, Copenhagen Zoo43, San Diego State University44, University of Alaska Fairbanks45, Manchester Metropolitan University46, National Autonomous University of Mexico47, University of Kent48, City University of New York49, Victoria University of Wellington50, California Academy of Sciences51, Mote Marine Laboratory52, Osmania University53, White Oak Conservation54, Aaranyak55, University of California, Davis56, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi57, University of Stirling58
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a comprehensive assessment of the conservation status and distribution of the world's mammals, including marine mammals, using data collected by 1700+ experts, covering all 5487 species.
Abstract: Knowledge of mammalian diversity is still surprisingly disparate, both regionally and taxonomically. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of the conservation status and distribution of the world's mammals. Data, compiled by 1700+ experts, cover all 5487 species, including marine mammals. Global macroecological patterns are very different for land and marine species but suggest common mechanisms driving diversity and endemism across systems. Compared with land species, threat levels are higher among marine mammals, driven by different processes (accidental mortality and pollution, rather than habitat loss), and are spatially distinct (peaking in northern oceans, rather than in Southeast Asia). Marine mammals are also disproportionately poorly known. These data are made freely available to support further scientific developments and conservation action.
1,383 citations
••
United States Department of Agriculture1, La Trobe University2, Grand Valley State University3, University of British Columbia4, Florida International University5, University of Gothenburg6, University of Alaska Fairbanks7, Abisko Scientific Research Station8, University of Virginia9, University Centre in Svalbard10, Colorado State University11, Michigan State University12, Marine Biological Laboratory13, University of California, Irvine14, United States Geological Survey15, Finnish Forest Research Institute16, Norwegian University of Life Sciences17, University of Colorado Boulder18, University of Stirling19
TL;DR: Warming increased height and cover of deciduous shrubs and graminoids, decreased cover of mosses and lichens, and decreased species diversity and evenness, which predict that warming will cause a decline in biodiversity across a wide variety of tundra, at least in the short term.
Abstract: Recent observations of changes in some tundra ecosystems appear to be responses to a warming climate. Several experimental studies have shown that tundra plants and ecosystems can respond strongly to environmental change, including warming; however, most studies were limited to a single location and were of short duration and based on a variety of experimental designs. In addition, comparisons among studies are difficult because a variety of techniques have been used to achieve experimental warming and different measurements have been used to assess responses. We used metaanalysis on plant community measurements from standardized warming experiments at 11 locations across the tundra biome involved in the International Tundra Experiment. The passive warming treatment increased plant-level air temperature by 1-3°C, which is in the range of predicted and observed warming for tundra regions. Responses were rapid and detected in whole plant communities after only two growing seasons. Overall, warming increased height and cover of deciduous shrubs and graminoids, decreased cover of mosses and lichens, and decreased species diversity and evenness. These results predict that warming will cause a decline in biodiversity across a wide variety of tundra, at least in the short term. They also provide rigorous experimental evidence that recently observed increases in shrub cover in many tundra regions are in response to climate warming. These changes have important implications for processes and interactions within tundra ecosystems and between tundra and the atmosphere.
1,232 citations
••
Aarhus University1, Pennsylvania State University2, University of Alaska Fairbanks3, University of Sheffield4, Abisko Scientific Research Station5, Lund University6, University Centre in Svalbard7, University of Copenhagen8, University of Helsinki9, University of Alberta10, University of Washington11, Canadian Wildlife Service12, University of Aberdeen13, University of Alaska Anchorage14, University of Stirling15
TL;DR: These rapid changes in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine systems, presage changes at lower latitudes that will affect natural resources, food production, and future climate buffering, and highlight areas of ecological research that deserve priority as the Arctic continues to warm.
Abstract: At the close of the Fourth International Polar Year, we take stock of the ecological consequences of recent climate change in the Arctic, focusing on effects at population, community, and ecosystem scales. Despite the buffering effect of landscape heterogeneity, Arctic ecosystems and the trophic relationships that structure them have been severely perturbed. These rapid changes may be a bellwether of changes to come at lower latitudes and have the potential to affect ecosystem services related to natural resources, food production, climate regulation, and cultural integrity. We highlight areas of ecological research that deserve priority as the Arctic continues to warm.
1,157 citations
••
Stockholm University1, University of New Hampshire2, University of Alaska Fairbanks3, Scott Polar Research Institute4, Canadian Hydrographic Service5, Norwegian Mapping Authority6, University Centre in Svalbard7, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research8, Science Applications International Corporation9, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory10, University of Barcelona11, University of New Brunswick12, University of Hawaii at Manoa13, University of Bergen14, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland15, Geological Survey of Canada16, California Institute of Technology17, British Oceanographic Data Centre18
TL;DR: The International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean (IBCAO) released its first gridded bathymetric compilation in 1999 as discussed by the authors, which has since supported a wide range of Arc...
Abstract: The International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean (IBCAO) released its first gridded bathymetric compilation in 1999. The IBCAO bathymetric portrayals have since supported a wide range of Arc ...
977 citations
••
TL;DR: The permafrost monitoring network in the polar regions of the Northern Hemisphere was enhanced during the International Polar Year (IPY) as discussed by the authors, and new information was collected for regions where there was little available.
Abstract: The permafrost monitoring network in the polar regions of the Northern Hemisphere was enhanced during the International Polar Year (IPY), and new information on permafrost thermal state was collected for regions where there was little available. This augmented monitoring network is an important legacy of the IPY, as is the updated baseline of current permafrost conditions against which future changes may be measured. Within the Northern Hemisphere polar region, ground temperatures are currently being measured in about 575 boreholes in North America, the Nordic region and Russia. These show that in the discontinuous permafrost zone, permafrost temperatures fall within a narrow range, with the mean annual ground temperature (MAGT) at most sites being higher than −2°C. A greater range in MAGT is present within the continuous permafrost zone, from above −1°C at some locations to as low as −15°C. The latest results indicate that the permafrost warming which started two to three decades ago has generally continued into the IPY period. Warming rates are much smaller for permafrost already at temperatures close to 0°C compared with colder permafrost, especially for ice-rich permafrost where latent heat effects dominate the ground thermal regime. Colder permafrost sites are warming more rapidly. This improved knowledge about the permafrost thermal state and its dynamics is important for multidisciplinary polar research, but also for many of the 4 million people living in the Arctic. In particular, this knowledge is required for designing effective adaptation strategies for the local communities under warmer climatic conditions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
673 citations
Authors
Showing all 487 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
David Read | 87 | 221 | 28432 |
David A. Pearce | 72 | 396 | 18416 |
Peter Convey | 66 | 473 | 25471 |
Martin Jakobsson | 60 | 302 | 14342 |
Stig Falk-Petersen | 58 | 163 | 10374 |
Alexander P. Wolfe | 58 | 161 | 12233 |
Douglas I. Benn | 56 | 149 | 11872 |
Bo Elberling | 56 | 245 | 11059 |
Kit M. Kovacs | 54 | 146 | 12026 |
Adrian Luckman | 52 | 153 | 10462 |
Joran Moen | 46 | 228 | 6283 |
Frank Nilsen | 46 | 185 | 7906 |
Ólafur Ingólfsson | 46 | 121 | 6923 |
Andy Hodson | 45 | 119 | 5898 |
Rolf Langvatn | 44 | 73 | 6499 |