David R. Cheng

TL;DR: An updated evolutionary classification of CRISPR–Cas systems and cas genes is provided, with an emphasis on the major developments that have occurred since the publication of the latest classification, in 2015, which includes 2 classes, 6 types and 33 subtypes.

TL;DR: The small size, minimal targeting constraints, and modular regulation of Cas13d effectors further expands the CRISPR toolkit for RNA-manipulation and detection.

TL;DR: The study reveals the functional diversity emerging along different routes of type V CRISPR-Cas evolution and expands theCRISPR toolbox.

TL;DR: The range of CRISPR–Cas components carried by MGEs is investigated and substantially expanded, finding three groups of Tn7-like transposable elements encode ‘minimal’ type I CRISpr–Cas derivatives capable of target recognition but not cleavage, and another group encodes an inactivated type V variant.

TL;DR: The authors describes non-naturally occurring, engineered CRISPR systems, components, and methods for targeted modification of a nucleic acid, and describes novel systems, methods and compositions for the manipulation of nucleic acids in a targeted fashion.