Graeme Milligan

TL;DR: The effects on both potency of agonist ligands and maximal output resulting from targetted alterations in expression levels of each element of the adenylyl cyclase cascade are discussed.

TL;DR: An update on both the pharmacology and potential function of GPR35 is presented, particularly pertaining to the nervous system, as a potential effector of regulation of mechanical sensitivity and analgesia of the Ret tyrosine kinase and as a receptor involved in the transmission of anti‐inflammatory effects of aspirin through affecting leucocyte rolling, adhesion and extravasation.

TL;DR: The combination of a GFP-modified receptor and immunostaining of the G-proteins activated by that receptor allows concurrent analysis of the varying dynamics and bases of internalization and redistribution of two elements of the same signal-transduction cascade.

TL;DR: A wide variety of resonance energy transfer techniques such as fluorescence RET and bioluminescence RET have been developed in recent years to detect protein–protein interactions in living cells and are highlighting the latest advances to illustrate general principles.

TL;DR: Although virtually all studies on these interactions to date have employed expression into simple heterologous cell lines, the availability of knock-out mouse lines and the capacity to knock-down levels of opioid receptor-interacting proteins using techniques such as siRNA suggest that information on the functional consequences of such protein-protein interactions in a physiological setting will soon be forthcoming.