Showing papers by "J. Scholz published in 2005"
TL;DR: In this paper, a composition analysis of KASCADE air shower data is performed by means of unfolding the two-dimensional frequency spectrum of electron and muon numbers, and the analysis is the determination of energy spectra for elemental groups representing the chemical composition of primary cosmic rays.
526 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the angular correlation of the most energetic hadrons and the fraction of events with hadrons being aligned are quantified by means of the commonly used parameter -ensuremath{\lambda}}_{4}$.
Abstract: The geometric distribution of high-energy hadrons $\ensuremath{\ge}100\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ in shower cores measured with the KASCADE calorimeter is analyzed. The data are checked for sensitivity to hadronic interaction features and indications of new physics as discussed in the literature. The angular correlation of the most energetic hadrons and, in particular, the fraction of events with hadrons being aligned are quantified by means of the commonly used parameter ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{4}$. The analysis shows that the observed ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{4}$ distribution is compatible with that predicted by simulations and is not linked to an angular correlation from hadronic jet production at high energy. Another parameter, ${d}_{4}^{\mathrm{max}}$, describing distances between hadrons measured in the detector, is found to be sensitive both to the transverse momenta in secondary hadron production and the primary particle type. Transverse momenta in high-energy hadron interactions differing by a factor two or more from what is assumed in the standard simulations are disfavored by the measured ${d}_{4}^{\mathrm{max}}$ distribution.
17 citations
01 Jan 2005
TL;DR: KASCADE-Grande as discussed by the authors is an enlargement of the KASCADE extensive air shower detector, realized to expand the cosmic ray studies from the previous 10-10 eV primary energy range to 10 eV.
Abstract: KASCADE-Grande is the enlargement of the KASCADE extensive air shower detector, realized to expand the cosmic ray studies from the previous 10–10 eV primary energy range to 10 eV. This is performed by extending the area covered by the KASCADE electromagnetic array from 200 200 to 700 700 m by means of 37 scintillator detector stations of 10 m area each. This new array is named Grande and provides measurements of the all-charged particle component of extensive air showers (Nch), while the original KASCADE array particularly provides information on the muon content ðNmÞ. Additional dense compact detector set-ups being sensitive to energetic hadrons and muons are used for data consistency checks and calibration purposes. The performance of the Grande array and its integration into the entire experimental complex is discussed. It is demonstrated that the overall observable resolutions are adequate to meet the physical requirements of the measurements, i.e. primary energy spectrum and elemental composition studies in the primary cosmic ray energy range of 10–10 eV. & 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article, extensive air shower measurements with KASCADE are analyzed with respect to large and small scale anisotropic amplitudes, and the resulting upper limits on large scale ANs of 10-3 to 10-2 restrict the parameter space of several propagation models.
Abstract: Anisotropies in the arrival directions of cosmic rays reflect their source distribution and propagation properties. In the presented analysis extensive air shower measurements with KASCADE are analyzed with respect to large and small scale anisotropies. The resulting upper limits on large scale anisotropy amplitudes of 10-3 to 10-2 restrict the parameter space of several propagation models. No cosmic ray point sources could be found in a sky survey of the northern hemisphere. Typical upper flux limits for point sources are around 10-10m-2s-1.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the results of the KASCADE air shower experiment are presented, in order to shed some light on the astrophysics of cosmic rays in the region of the knee in the energy spectrum.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of air shower data measured with the KASCADE experiment energy spectra for five mass groups are reconstructed, showing a change of composition towards heavier elements across the knee but also demonstrate an insufficient description of the data by the used hadronic interaction models.
Abstract: In the presented analysis of air shower data measured with the KASCADE experiment energy spectra for five mass groups are reconstructed. The results show a change of composition towards heavier elements across the knee but also demonstrate an insufficient description of the data by the used hadronic interaction models QGSJet and SIBYLL.
2 citations
01 Jan 2005
TL;DR: The KASCADE-Grande experiment as mentioned in this paper has been in continuous and stable data taking since the beginning of 2004 and has been used to study the primary cosmic rays in the 10 -10 eV energy range.
Abstract: The KASCADE-Grande experiment is in continuous and stable data taking since the beginning of 2004.The Grande array, made of 37 plastic scintillators detectors (10 m each) placed at a distance of 140 m from each other, has been set up to cover a surface ( 0.5 km ) big enough to study the primary cosmic rays in the 10 -10 eV energy range. We present the status of the Grande array and discuss the calibration procedures and the accuracies achieved in the particle density measurements. Energy deposits (in 4 cm thick scintillators) are measured from 5 MeV to 5 10 MeV, allowing us to cover the dynamic range required to study the primary cosmic rays in the range previously mentioned. A comparison of the showers parameters reconstructed by the Grande and by the KASCADE arrays is shown.
1 citations
01 Jan 2005
TL;DR: This research presents a meta-analyses of the determinants of earthquake-triggered volcanic eruptions in Italy and their impact on seismic activity in the region over a period of 40 years.
Abstract: J. Zabierowski , T. Antoni , W.D. Apel , F. Badea , K. Bekk , A. Bercuci , M. Bertaina , J. Blümer , H. Bozdog , I.M. Brancus , M. Brüggemann , P. Buchholz , A. Chiavassa , K. Daumiller , F. Di Pierro , P. Doll , R. Engel , J. Engler , F. Feßler , P.L. Ghia , H.J. Gils , R. Glasstetter , C. Grupen , A. Haungs , D. Heck , J.R. Hörandel , K.H. Kampert , H.O. Klages , Y. Kolotaev , G. Maier , H.J. Mathes , H.J. Mayer , J. Milke , B. Mitrica , C. Morello , M. Müller , G. Navarra , R. Obenland , J. Oehlschläger , S. Ostapchenko , S. Over , M. Petcu , T. Pierog , S. Plewnia , H. Rebel , A. Risse , M. Roth , H. Schieler , J. Scholz , O. Sima , M. Stümpert , G. Toma , G.C. Trinchero , H. Ulrich , S. Valchierotti , J. van Buren , W. Walkowiak , A. Weindl , J. Wochele , S. Zagromski and D. Zimmermann (a) Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, 90950 Lodz, Poland (b) Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Universität Karlsruhe, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany (c) Institut für Kernphysik, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany (d) National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 7690 Bucharest, Romania (e) Dipartimento di Fisica Generale dell’Università, 10125 Torino, Italy (f) Fachbereich Physik, Universität Siegen, 57068 Siegen, Germany (g) Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetario, INAF, 10133 Torino, Italy (h) Fachbereich Physik, Universität Wuppertal, 42097 Wuppertal, Germany on leave of absence from Nat. Inst. of Phys. and Nucl. Engineering, Bucharest, Romania now at University Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, United Kingdom on leave of absence from Moscow State University, 119899 Moscow, Russia Presenter: J. Zabierowski (janzab@zpk.u.lodz.pl) , pol-zabierowski-J-abs1-he13-poster
1 citations
TL;DR: The KASCADE-Grande experiment as mentioned in this paper extends the existing extensive air shower experiment by an array of 37 detector stations spread over an area of 0.5 km2, which measures the charged component of the air showers.
Abstract: The KASCADE-Grande experiment extends the existing extensive air shower experiment KASCADE by an array of 37 detector stations spread over an area of 0.5 km2. The new Grande array measures the charged component of the showers. To reconstruct the mass composition of the cosmic rays, additional information from the muon component of air showers is required. Using observables from the new Grande array together with the muon detectors of the original KASCADE array provides a possibility to reconstruct also the total muon number of each air shower. The quality of reconstruction based on comparison with simulated data, as well as first results of a reconstructed muon size spectrum are presented.
01 Jan 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a survey of the authors of this paper: A.M. Brancus, P. Br¤uggemann, T. Apel, F. Badea, K. Bekk, A. Bertaina, J.B. Berenbrink, M.Berthelot, A., B.Bergsma, K.-H. Horandel, K-H.Morello, C.M., K.M, K., M.C.
Abstract: M. Br¤uggemann , T. Antoni , W.D. Apel, F. Badea , K. Bekk , A. Bercuci , M. Bertaina ,J. Blumer¤ , H. Bozdog , I.M. Brancus , P. Buchholz , A. Chiavassa , K. Daumiller ,F. Di Pierro , P. Doll , R. Engel , J. Engler , F. Fesler , P.L. Ghia , H.J. Gils , R. Glasstetter,C. Grupen , A. Haungs, D. Heck , J.R. Horandel¤ , K.-H. Kampert , H.O. Klages ,Y. Kolotaev , G. Maier , H.J. Mathes , H.J. Mayer , J. Milke , B. Mitrica , C. Morello ,M. Muller¤ , G. Navarra , R. Obenland , J. Oehlschlager¤ , S. Ostapchenko , S. Over ,M. Petcu , T. Pierog, S. Plewnia , H. Rebel , A. Risse , M. Roth , H. Schieler ,J. Scholz , O. Sima, M. Stumpert¤ , G. Toma , G.C. Trinchero , H. Ulrich , S. Valchierotti ,J. van Buren , W. Walkowiak , A. Weindl , J. Wochele , J. Zabierowski , S. Zagromski andD. Zimmermann
01 Jan 2005
TL;DR: In this article, a multidimensional analysis of the air shower data indicates a distinct knee in the energy spectra of light primary cosmic rays and an increasing dominance of heavy ones towards higher energies, together with the results of large scale anisotropy studies, implications for discriminating astrophysical models of the origin of the knee.
Abstract: Recent results from the multi-detector set-up KASCADE on measurements of cosmic rays in the energy range of the so called knee (at 3 PeV) are presented. The multidimensional analysis of the air shower data indicates a distinct knee in the energy spectra of light primary cosmic rays and an increasing dominance of heavy ones towards higher energies. This provides, together with the results of large scale anisotropy studies, implications for discriminating astrophysical models of the origin of the knee. To improve the reconstruction quality and statistics at higher energies, where knee-like features of the heavy primaries are expected at around 100 PeV, KASCADE has recently been extended by a factor 10 in area to the new experiment KASCADE-Grande.
TL;DR: The LOFAR prototype station as mentioned in this paper is a new digital radio interferometer that is being built in The Netherlands to measure air showers and analyze transient events like air showers after they have been recorded by sampling the radio waves with fast ADCs.
Abstract: LOFAR is a new digital radio interferometer that is being build in The Netherlands. By sampling the radio waves with fast ADCs it can digitally store the whole waveform information and analyze transient events like air showers after they have been recorded. To demonstrate its ability to measure air showers we are building LOPES (a LOFAR PrototypeStation) at the site of an existing air shower array (KASCADE-Grande). The first phase consisting of 10 antennas is already running. It has demonstrated how digital interference suppression and beamforming can overcome the problem of radio interference and pick out air shower events.
TL;DR: In this article, a Limited Streamer Tube (LST) detector system has been installed at the KASCADE-Grande experiment to study the Extensive Air Showers (EAS) muon component above a threshold of 2.4 GeV.
Abstract: A Limited Streamer Tube (LST) detector system has been installed at the KASCADE-Grande experiment to study the Extensive Air Showers (EAS) muon component above a threshold of 2.4 GeV. The extended area of 255 m2 of the LST and the fine granularity of detection enables a detailed study of the muon spatial distribution in the very central zone of the air shower. A dedicated, fractal based analysis has been developed to take advantage of the observables of this detector setup. The sensitivity on cosmic rays mass and energy discrimination has been verified, based on 1.5 years of data collection by the KASCADE experiment.