I have developed "tennis elbow" from lugging this book around the past four weeks, but it is worth the pain, the effort, and the aspirin. It is also worth the (relatively speaking) bargain price. Including appendixes, this book contains 894 pages of text. The entire panorama of the neural sciences is surveyed and examined, and it is comprehensive in its scope, from genomes to social behaviors. The editors explicitly state that the book is designed as "an introductory text for students of biology, behavior, and medicine," but it is hard to imagine any audience, interested in any fragment of neuroscience at any level of sophistication, that would not enjoy this book. The editors have done a masterful job of weaving together the biologic, the behavioral, and the clinical sciences into a single tapestry in which everyone from the molecular biologist to the practicing psychiatrist can find and appreciate his or

Principles of Neural Science

Object-based cloud and cloud shadow detection in Landsat imagery

This document provides updates to IEEE Std 802.16's MIB for the MAC, PHY and asso- ciated management procedures in order to accommodate recent extensions to the standard.

IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems Draft Amendment: Management Information Base Extensions

The objective of this study was to develop anatomically correct whole body human models of an adult male (34 years old), an adult female (26 years old) and two children (an 11-year-old girl and a six-year-old boy) for the optimized evaluation of electromagnetic exposure. These four models are referred to as the Virtual Family. They are based on high resolution magnetic resonance (MR) images of healthy volunteers. More than 80 different tissue types were distinguished during the segmentation. To improve the accuracy and the effectiveness of the segmentation, a novel semi-automated tool was used to analyze and segment the data. All tissues and organs were reconstructed as three-dimensional (3D) unstructured triangulated surface objects, yielding high precision images of individual features of the body. This greatly enhances the meshing flexibility and the accuracy with respect to thin tissue layers and small organs in comparison with the traditional voxel-based representation of anatomical models. Conformal computational techniques were also applied. The techniques and tools developed in this study can be used to more effectively develop future models and further improve the accuracy of the models for various applications. For research purposes, the four models are provided for free to the scientific community.

/pdf/the-virtual-family-development-of-surface-based-anatomical-47u5t3e6am.pdf

The Virtual Family—development of surface-based anatomical models of two adults and two children for dosimetric simulations

Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility

We investigated the correlation between the peak SAR and the maximum temperature increase in the models of infants and adults for exposure to a dipole antenna Numerical results show that the maximum temperature increases in the head and brain were reasonably proportional to the peak SAR in the corresponding regions No clear difference in the correlation between the peak SAR and the maximum temperature increase was observed for infant and adult models Additionally, the effect of the material constants on the correlation was at most 10%

Comparison of maximum temperature increase in the infant and adult head models due to dipole antenna

Quasi-electrostatic field on car body surface is considered to be more useful as an in-vehicle communication means, compared with wireless communication and wire harness communication. In this study, we numerically calculated the propagation characteristics on a car body surface for the electric field communication and 2.4 GHz wireless communication, respectively, and showed that the former is more effective to pass through a slit hole in a lower path loss. Moreover, we also expressed the transmitting electrode, the car body and the receiving electrode with an equivalent circuit in view of their near-field coupling characteristic, and yielded the matching impedances of the transmitting and receiving electrodes in order to improve transmission effectiveness.

Propagation characteristic analysis and improvemnet for in-vehicle electric field communication

The head tissue heterogeneity required in the spatial peak specific absorption rate (SAR) assessment for portable telephones was investigated by using the FDTD method in conjunction with an MRI-based human head model. The tissue heterogeneity of the head model was changed from one type of tissue to 17 types of tissue. The results showed that, at 900MHz and 2GHz, the homogeneous modeling results in an underestimate about 20% for the λ/2 monopole antenna portable telephones and an overestimate to the same extent for the λ/4 monopole or helical antenna portable telephones. A head model with a simple skin-fat-muscle-bone-brain structure seems to be sufficient to obtain a fairly accurate one-gram or ten-gram averaged spatial peak SAR value in computational dosimetry for portable telephone compliance. key words: computational dosimetry, head tissue heterogeneity,

/pdf/head-tissue-heterogeneity-required-in-compurtational-3mj2r0vog2.pdf

Head Tissue Heterogeneity Required in Compurtational Dosimetry for Portable Telephones

Differences in contact impedance of the ECG measurement electrodes lead to asymmetries of the signal paths and thus result in reduced common-mode rejection and artifacts. Here, the imbalance of contact impedance is investigated for different types of electrodes with capacitive coupling in terms of static imbalance as well as dynamic variation during body movement. Flexible and incompressible materials like conductive foam and fabric showed the best overall performance. The negative effect of rigidity can partly be compensated by adding conducting foam, while soft materials can profit from an increase of electrode area.

Motion-Induced Imbalance of Contact Impedance in ECG Capture: Comparison of Electrode Materials in Capacitive Coupling

The bioeffects of the electromagnetic fields of mobile telephones on the human body are a matter of concern, and the localized specific absorption rate (SAR) of the brain due to near-field exposure has attracted attention. Limiting the effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on the human body to thermal ones, temperature rises are estimated to be caused by the SAR in the brain, including the body temperature–regulating center. In this paper, the temperature rises inside the brain due to exposure to 1.5-GHz microwaves are analyzed by the FDTD method, using a realistic model of the human head developed by the authors. It is found that the peak temperature rise occurs in the eye and muscle tissues. Such temperature rise is at most 0.35 °C at the safe exposure level of 5 mW/cm2 specified in controlled environments in Japan. The rise in the hypothalamus, which regulates the temperature distribution over the human body, is only 0.0026 °C, which is two orders of magnitude smaller than its regulating induction-threshold of 0.3 °C. © 1998 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 82(3): 11–19, 1999

Jianqing Wang

Papers

Comparison of maximum temperature increase in the infant and adult head models due to dipole antenna

Propagation characteristic analysis and improvemnet for in-vehicle electric field communication

Head Tissue Heterogeneity Required in Compurtational Dosimetry for Portable Telephones

Motion-Induced Imbalance of Contact Impedance in ECG Capture: Comparison of Electrode Materials in Capacitive Coupling

Fdtd computation of temperature rise inside a realistic head model for 1.5-ghz microwave exposure