Three parallel algorithms for classical molecular dynamics are presented. The first assigns each processor a fixed subset of atoms; the second assigns each a fixed subset of inter-atomic forces to compute; the third assigns each a fixed spatial region. The algorithms are suitable for molecular dynamics models which can be difficult to parallelize efficiently—those with short-range forces where the neighbors of each atom change rapidly. They can be implemented on any distributed-memory parallel machine which allows for message-passing of data between independently executing processors. The algorithms are tested on a standard Lennard-Jones benchmark problem for system sizes ranging from 500 to 100,000,000 atoms on several parallel supercomputers--the nCUBE 2, Intel iPSC/860 and Paragon, and Cray T3D. Comparing the results to the fastest reported vectorized Cray Y-MP and C90 algorithm shows that the current generation of parallel machines is competitive with conventional vector supercomputers even for small problems. For large problems, the spatial algorithm achieves parallel efficiencies of 90% and a 1840-node Intel Paragon performs up to 165 faster than a single Cray C9O processor. Trade-offs between the three algorithms and guidelines for adapting them to more complex molecular dynamics simulations are also discussed.

Fast parallel algorithms for short-range molecular dynamics

다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Single-layer metal dichalcogenides are two-dimensional semiconductors that present strong potential for electronic and sensing applications complementary to that of graphene.

/pdf/electronics-and-optoelectronics-of-two-dimensional-2jbqr1unvw.pdf

Electronics and optoelectronics of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides.

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

Graphene has attracted considerable attention since its first production from graphite in 2004, due to its outstanding physical and chemical properties. The development of production methodsfor large scale, high quality graphene films is an essentialstep toward realizing graphene applications such as transparent, conductive film. Chemical deposition methods, using metal catalystsand gaseous carbon sources, have been extensively developed for large area synthesis. In this paper, wereview recent progress ingraphene production, and survey the role of graphene electrodes in various electronic devices such as touch panels, solar cells, solid statelighting and microelectronic devices.

Graphene based Transparent Conductive Film : Status and Perspective

In this study, gamma-irradiated mackerel (Scomber japonicus) meat was stored in a refrigerator for 20 days to examine the physicochemical changes related to fishy smell. The effect of gamma irradiation on the inhibition of the activity of crude urease extracted from Vibrio parahaemolyticus was also evaluated. Increased levels of trimethylamine (TMA) and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) content, which are the main components causing fishy smell, were significantly reduced by day 20 of storage after gamma irradiation, indicating that freshness was maintained during storage. The ammonia nitrogen contents of 3, 7, 10, and 20 kGy gamma-irradiated groups were significantly decreased by 6.5, 15.2, 17.4, and 23.9%, respectively, compared to non-irradiated groups on day 20 of storage. In addition, urease activity decreased in a gamma irradiation intensity-dependent manner. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured during the storage of gamma-irradiated mackerel meat. The contents of ethanol, 2-butanone, 3-methylbutanal, and trans-2-pentenal, which are known to cause off-flavors due to spoilage of fish, were significantly reduced by day 20 of storage. Therefore, gamma irradiation can be considered useful for inhibiting urease activity and reducing fishy smell during fish storage.

https://www.jmb.or.kr/journal/download_pdf.php?doi=10.4014/jmb.2112.12037

Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Inhibition of Urease Activity and Fishy Smell in Mackerel (Scomber japonicus) during Refrigerated Storage

A Study on the Evaluation of a Scattering Dust Collector in Vehicle-Induced Wind and Brake Caliper Locations

The present invention relates to a highly sensitive flow sensor. The flow sensor comprises: first and second heaters which are disposed in an active layer formed on a silicon layer while being spaced apart from each other, so as to generate heat; a temperature sensor which is disposed between the first and second heaters in the active layer so as to detect the difference between temperatures at both ends thereof and convert the same into a voltage signal; and a control circuit which is formed in the active layer so as to transmit, to the first and second heaters, a feedback signal of the voltage signal received from the temperature sensor, wherein the control circuit comprises an electrical filter for receiving, as an input signal, the voltage signal from the temperature sensor and increasing, through filtering, the order of a signal output therefrom.

Highly sensitive flow sensor

This study investigated the effect of Chondria crassicaulis ethanol extract on degranulation of rat basophilic leukemia-2H3 cells and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in Bagg Albino/c mice. General properties of Chondria crassicaulis (proximate analysis, total phenol and total flavonoid) were measured; moreover, beta-hexosaminidase release and cytotoxicity in rat basophilic leukemia-2H3 cells, severity of skin dermatitis, production of cytokines, and total immunoglobulin E content in an atopic dermatitis-like mouse model were estimated. Chondria crassicaulis ethanol extract decreased the secretion of beta-hexosaminidase without cytotoxicity in rat basophilic leukemia-2H3 cells and decreased the total immunoglobulin E content in serum. In addition, Chondria crassicaulis ethanol extract decreased the production of interleukin-4 and interleukin-5 in mouse splenocytes, whereas significantly increased the level of interferon gamma. Furthermore, Chondria crassicaulis ethanol extract alleviated skin lesions induced by atopic dermatitis without causing toxicity to mouse splenocytes. Therefore, the present study findings suggest that Chondria crassicaulis ethanol extract can relieve atopic dermatitis by regulating the activity of type 1 T helper and type 2 T helper cells that mediate cellular immune response and it can be used as an effective alternative therapy for atopic dermatitis.

https://www.ijpsonline.com/articles/atopic-dermatitis-inhibitory-effect-of-emchondria-crassicaulisem-ethanol-extract.pdf

Jong Hyun Ahn

Papers

Graphene based Transparent Conductive Film : Status and Perspective

Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Inhibition of Urease Activity and Fishy Smell in Mackerel (Scomber japonicus) during Refrigerated Storage

A Study on the Evaluation of a Scattering Dust Collector in Vehicle-Induced Wind and Brake Caliper Locations

Highly sensitive flow sensor

Atopic Dermatitis Inhibitory Effect of Chondria crassicaulis Ethanol Extract