Showing papers by "Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger published in 2014"
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that ANT is able to regulate ion pump activity and cholinergic neurotransmission, as well as being able to enhance memory and act as an anxiolytic compound in animals with SDAT.
94 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that quercetin prevents alterations in oxidative stress parameters as well as AChE and Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activities, consequently preventing memory impairment and anxiogenic-like behavior displayed by Cd exposure.
92 citations
TL;DR: The ANT is able to regulate cholinergic neurotransmission and restore the Na+,K+K+‐ATPase and Ca2+‐atPase activities, and also prevented memory deficits caused by scopolamine administration.
70 citations
TL;DR: The present findings showed that treatment with RA prevents the lipid peroxidation and consequently the increase in AChE activity in diabetic rats, demonstrating that this compound can modulate cholinergic neurotransmission and prevent damage oxidative in brain in the diabetic state.
Abstract: We investigated the efficacy of rosmarinic acid (RA) in preventing lipid peroxidation and increased activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the brain of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The animals were divided into six groups (n = 8): control, ethanol, RA 10 mg/kg, diabetic, diabetic/ethanol and diabetic/RA 10 mg/kg. After 21 days of treatment with RA, the cerebral structures (striatum, cortex and hippocampus) were removed for experimental assays. The results demonstrated that the treatment with RA (10 mg/kg) significantly reduced the level of lipid peroxidation in hippocampus (28%), cortex (38%) and striatum (47%) of diabetic rats when compared with the control. In addition, it was found that hyperglycaemia caused significant increased in the activity of AChE in hippocampus (58%), cortex (46%) and striatum (30%) in comparison with the control. On the other hand, the treatment with RA reversed this effect to the level of control after 3 weeks. In conclusion, the present findings showed that treatment with RA prevents the lipid peroxidation and consequently the increase in AChE activity in diabetic rats, demonstrating that this compound can modulate cholinergic neurotransmission and prevent damage oxidative in brain in the diabetic state. Thus, we can suggest that RA could be a promising compound in the complementary therapy in diabetes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
58 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that alterations in the biomarkers of inflammation and hydrolysis of nucleotides and nucleosides may contribute to the understanding of the neurological dysfunction of RRMS patients.
44 citations
TL;DR: CGA prevented diabetes-induced TBARS production, improved memory, and decreased anxiety in diabetic rats, and proved to be a compound which acts better in the prevention of brain disorders promoted by DM.
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with brain alterations that may contribute to cognitive dysfunctions. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) and caffeine (CA), abundant in coffee (CF), are natural compounds that have showed important actions in the brain. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of CGA, CA, and CF on acetylcholines- terase (AChE), Na ? ,K ? -ATPase, aminolevulinate dehydra- tase (d-ALA-D) activities and TBARS levels from cerebral cortex, as well as memory and anxiety in streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats. Animals were divided into eight groups (n = 5-10): control; control/CGA 5 mg/kg; control/CA 15 mg/kg; control/CF 0.5 g/kg; diabetic; diabetic/CGA 5 mg/kg; diabetic/CA 15 mg/kg; and diabetic/CF 0.5 g/kg. Our results demonstrated an increase in AChE activity and TBARS levels in cerebral cortex, while d-ALA-D and Na ? , K ? -ATPase activities were decreased in the diabetic rats when compared to control water group. Furthermore, a memory deficit and an increase in anxiety in diabetic rats were observed. The treatment with CGA and CA prevented the increase in AChE activity in diabetic rats when compared to the diabetic water group. CGA, CA, and CF intake par- tially prevented cerebral d-ALA-D and Na ? ,K ? -ATPase activity decrease due to diabetes. Moreover, CGA prevented diabetes-induced TBARS production, improved memory, and decreased anxiety. In conclusion, among the compounds studied CGA proved to be a compound which acts better in the prevention of brain disorders promoted by DM.
38 citations
TL;DR: Considering the hepatic oxidative stress parameters analyzed in the present experiment, the transport of previously sedated silver catfish in water containing 30 or 40 µL L-1 of EO from L. alba is less effective than the use of lower concentrations.
Abstract: This study investigated the effects of the essential oil (EO) from Lippia alba on biochemical parameters related to oxidative stress in the brain and liver of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) after six hours of transport Fish were transported in plastic bags and divided into three treatments groups: control, 30 µL L- 1 EO from Lalba and 40 µL L-1 EO from Lalba Prior to transport, the fish were treated with the EO from L alba (200 µL L -1 for three minutes), except for the control group Fish transported in bags containing the EO did not have any alterations in acetylcholinesterase, ecto -nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase and 5'nucleotidase activity in the brain or superoxide dismutase activity in the liver The hepatic catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), nonprotein thiol and ascorbic acid levels were significantly lower compared to the control group However, the hepatic thiobarbituric acid- reactive substances, protein oxidation levels and the lipid peroxidation/catalase+glutathione peroxidase (LPO/CAT+GPx) ratio were significantly higher in fish transported with both concentrations of the EO, indicating oxidative stress in the liver In conclusion, considering the hepatic oxidative stress parameters analyzed in the present experiment, the transport of previously sedated silver catfish in water containing 30 or 40 µL L-1 of EO from L alba is less effective than the use of lower concentrations
35 citations
TL;DR: The quercetin promoted earlier locomotor recovery, suggesting that there was demyelinations prevention or further remyelination velocity as well as it was able to prevent the inhibition of AChE activity and the increase of lipidic peroxidation, suggest that this compound can protect cholinergic neurotransmission.
29 citations
TL;DR: Exercise training was shown to prevent increased cholinesterase related to inflammatory processes in hypertensive rats, providing a new insight about protective exercise mechanisms to avoid hypertension-related inflammation.
29 citations
TL;DR: Alterations in the NTPDase, ADA and AChE activities as well changes in the cytokine levels may contribute to immunological alterations observed in DS.
23 citations
TL;DR: The infection by T. gondii is able to interfere in cholinesterase activity and NO levels, in association with oxidative stress and histological lesion, and animals infected with the strains VEG and ME-49 showed histological lesions, associated with the presence of the parasite in the brain.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), nitrite/nitrate (NOx) levels, as well as the biomarkers of cellular damage in the brain of mice experimentally infected with Toxoplasma gondii. Sixty mice were divided into two experiments: in experiment I the mice were infected with T. gondii/RH strain, while in experiment II they were infected with T. gondii, strains VEG and ME-49. Our evaluations were carried out on brain homogenized samples, assessing the AChE and glutathione reductase (GR) activities, and NOx, TBARS and AOPP levels in all the infected animals, compared with the control group. In both experiments, I and II, it was observed an increase in the activity of AChE and GR, as well as in the levels of NOx in the brain of infected mice with T. gondii. TBARS levels were increased in mice infected with the three different strains, RH, ME-49, and VEG. AOPP concentration was increased only in mice infected with the RH strain. Animals infected with the strains VEG and ME-49 showed histological lesions, associated with the presence of the parasite in the brain. Therefore, the infection by T. gondii is able to interfere in cholinesterase activity and NO levels, in association with oxidative stress and histological lesion.
TL;DR: It is suggested that MMI - induced Hypothyroidism increases oxidative stress parameters and quercetin administration could exert beneficial effects against redox imbalance in hypothyroid status.
Abstract: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of quercetin on oxidative stress biomarkers in methimazole (MMI) - induced hypothyroidism male rats. Hypothyroidism was induced by administering MMI at 20 mg/100 ml in the drinking water, for 1 month. After achieved hypothyroidism, rats received orally 10 or 25 mg/kg of quercetin (QT) for 8 weeks. 60 male wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (group I, control; group II, QT10; group III, QT25; group IV, hypothyroid; group V, hypothyroid+QT10; group VI, hypothyroid+QT25). Liver, kidney and serum TBARS levels significantly increased in hypothyroid rats when compared to controls, along with increased protein carbonyl (PCO) in liver and increased ROS levels in liver and kidney tissues. QT10 and QT25 were effective in decreasing TBARS levels in serum and kidney, PCO levels in liver and ROS generation in liver and kidney. MMI - induced hypothyroidism also increased TBARS levels in cerebral cortex and hippocampus that in turn were decreased in rats treated with QT25. Moreover, the administration of QT25 to hypothyroid rats resulted in decreased SOD activities in liver and whole blood and increased liver CAT activity. Liver and kidney ascorbic acid levels were restored with quercetin supplementation at both concentrations. QT10 and QT25 also significantly increased total oxidative scavenging capacity in liver and kidney tissues from hypothyroid rats. These findings suggest that MMI - induced hypothyroidism increases oxidative stress parameters and quercetin administration could exert beneficial effects against redox imbalance in hypothyroid status.
TL;DR: It is suggested that the quercetin is able to modulate NTPDase, ADA, AChE, and MPO activities and contribute to maintain the levels of ATP, adenosine, and acetylcholine normal, respectively, exhibiting potent pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory actions.
Abstract: The ex vivo and in vitro effects of quercetin on NTPDase, adenosine deaminase (ADA), and acetycholinesterase (AChE) activities in lymphocytes, as well as the effects of quercetin on butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity in serum and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in plasma were determined in rats. For the ex vivo experiment, animals were orally exposed to Cadmium (Cd) for 45 days. Animals were divided into eight groups: saline/ethanol, saline/Querc 5 mg/kg, saline/Querc 25 mg/kg, saline/Querc 50 mg/kg, Cd/ethanol, Cd/Querc 5 mg/kg, Cd/Querc 25 mg/kg, and Cd/Querc 50 mg/kg. The ex vivo data showed an increase in the ATP and ADP hydrolysis and ADA activity in Cd-exposed rats when compared to the control group. The treatment with quercetin 25 and 50 mg/kg prevented this increase in the ATP and ADP hydrolysis, while the treatment with quercetin 5, 25, and 50 mg/kg prevented the increase in the ADA activity. AChE, BChE, and MPO activities ex vivo presented an increase in the Cd-exposed group when compared to the control group, and the treatment with quercetin 5, 25, and 50 mg/kg prevented this increase caused by Cd exposure. The in vitro experiment showed that quercetin 5, 10, 25, or 50 µM decreased the ADA activity proportionally to the increase of the concentrations of quercetin when compared to the control group. Thus, we can suggest that the quercetin is able to modulate NTPDase, ADA, AChE, and MPO activities and contribute to maintain the levels of ATP, adenosine, and acetylcholine normal, respectively, exhibiting potent pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory actions.
TL;DR: The results show that VD3 can avoid cognitive deficit through prevention of changes in important enzymes such as Na+K+‐ATPase and AChE in cerebral cortex in type 1 diabetic rats.
Abstract: Diabetes is associated with long-term complications in the brain and reduced cognitive ability. Vitamin D3 (VD3) appears to be involved in the amelioration of hyperglycaemia in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Our aim was to analyse the potential of VD3 in avoiding brain damage through evaluation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), Na+K+-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and delta aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) activities and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels from cerebral cortex, as well as memory in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Animals were divided into eight groups (n = 5): control/saline, control/metformin (Metf), control/VD3, control/Metf + VD3, diabetic/saline, diabetic/Metf, diabetic/VD3 and diabetic/Metf + VD3. Thirty days after treatment, animals were submitted to contextual fear-conditioning and open-field behavioural tests, after which they were sacrificed and the cerebral cortex was dissected. Our results demonstrate a significant memory deficit, an increase in AChE activity and TBARS levels and a decrease in δ-ALA-D and Na+K+-ATPase activities in diabetic rats when compared with the controls. Treatment of diabetic rats with Metf and VD3 prevented the increase in AChE activity when compared with the diabetic/saline group. In treated diabetic rats, the decrease in Na+K+-ATPase was reverted when compared with non-treated rats, but the increase in δ-ALA-D activity was not. VD3 prevented diabetes-induced TBARS level and improved memory. Our results show that VD3 can avoid cognitive deficit through prevention of changes in important enzymes such as Na+K+-ATPase and AChE in cerebral cortex in type 1 diabetic rats. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TL;DR: It was possible to conclude that infection with T. gondii changes the purine levels and the activity of E-ADA in brain, which may be associated with neurological signs commonly observed in this disease.
TL;DR: The results suggest that the oxidative stress occurs at both time points, but the patterns of the biomarkers are different.
Abstract: Neospora caninum infection is generally latent and asymptomatic, and it results in the formation of dormant encysted bradyzoites that remain in the brain and other tissues of infected animals for life, causing major economic and pathological problems. The aim of this study was to assess the relation between infection by N. caninum and its damage to brain tissue through the evaluation of biomarkers of oxidative stress during the acute and chronic phases of the disease. Sixteen gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) were divided into 3 groups: Group A (n = 6) was composed of healthy animals, while group B (n = 5) was infected with 0.1 ml containing 2.5 × 106 tachyzoites of N. caninum in order to achieve the acute phase, and, finally, group C (n = 5) was infected with a lower dose (0.1 ml containing 5 × 104) of N. caninum tachyzoites in order to produce the chronic phase of the disease. All evaluations were performed on brain tissue on days 7 and 30 postinfection (PI), with assessment of the levels of sev...
TL;DR: Results show that the overproduction of reactive species in patients with lung cancer may be interfering with the activity of δ-ALA-D, and the decrease in theActivity of this enzyme may be contributing for the oxidative stress.
TL;DR: Zn supplementation was able to increase the rat's longevity and to reduce their parasitemia and it was observed that seric Zn levels were increased on infected animals under Zn supplementation.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that HFD alters platelet aggregation and purinergic signaling in the platelets and that treatment with α-Toc was capable of modulating the adenine nucleotide hydrolysis in this experimental condition.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess whether α-tocopherol administration prevented alterations in the ectonucleotidase activities and platelet aggregation induced by high-fat diet in rats. Thus, we examined four groups of male rats which received standard diet, high-fat diet (HFD), α-tocopherol (α-Toc), and high-fat diet plus α-tocopherol. HFD was administered ad libitum and α-Toc by gavage using a dose of 50 mg/kg. After 3 months of treatment, animals were submitted to euthanasia, and blood samples were collected for biochemical assays. Results demonstrate that NTPDase, ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase, and 5′-nucleotidase activities were significantly decreased in platelets of HFD group, while that adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity was significantly increased in this group in comparison to the other groups (P < 0.05). When rats that received HFD were treated with α-Toc, the activities of these enzymes were similar to the control, but ADA activity was significantly increased in relation to the control and α-Toc group (P < 0.05). HFD group showed an increased in platelet aggregation in comparison to the other groups, and treatment with α-Toc significantly reduced platelet aggregation in this group. These findings demonstrated that HFD alters platelet aggregation and purinergic signaling in the platelets and that treatment with α-Toc was capable of modulating the adenine nucleotide hydrolysis in this experimental condition.
TL;DR: It can be concluded that the experimental infection with H. contortus influences the number of lymphocytes, and consequently the AChE activity in these cells, which are cells with direct participation in the cholinergic system.
TL;DR: In this paper, a pesquisa exploratoria de carater quantitativo do tipo multi-casos, realizou-se uma amostra de 200 alunos e 52 professores de quatro PPGs de uma Instituicao Publica de Ensino Superior.
Abstract: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os fatores significativos do clima organizacional em programas de pos-graduacao (PPGs), na percepcao de docentes e discentes. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratoria de carater quantitativo do tipo multi-casos. Participou da pesquisa uma amostra de 200 alunos e 52 professores de quatro PPGs de uma Instituicao Publica de Ensino Superior. Os fatores selecionados para a realizacao deste estudo foram: Relacionamento Interpessoal; Gestao; Envolvimento/Comprometimento; Organizacao e Condicoes de trabalho; e, Realizacao/Satisfacao. A analise dos dados demonstrou que alguns fatores, como Relacionamento interpessoal, Gestao, Envolvimento/comprometimento, Realizacao/satisfacao apresentam alto nivel de satisfacao entre a amostra pesquisada. Ja o fator Organizacao e condicoes de trabalho necessita atencao especial para a manutencao da satisfacao dos individuos e consequente melhoria do clima organizacional dos PPGs.
TL;DR: Iron showed antioxidant and oxidant effects on animals that received supplementation; and it maintained the activity of E-ADA stable in infected/supplemented animals.
10 Dec 2014
TL;DR: Palavras-chave et al. as mentioned in this paper investigated the relationship between the estilo de vida and the comportamentos preventivos em saude of students.
Abstract: Sendo a Educacao em Ciencias responsavel pelo trânsito de Temas Transversais como o da Saude e diante da perspectiva de que saude se faz no cotidiano da escola, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar as relacoes entre o estilo de vida dos estudantes do ensino medio e seus comportamentos preventivos em saude. Participaram do estudo 420 alunos do ensino medio publico federal de Santa Maria, RS, com idade media de 16,26±0,64 anos, peso corporal de 60,69±11,48 kg, estatura de 1,69±0,09 m e IMC de 21,2±3,05 kg/m 2 . Os adolescentes responderam questoes relacionadas a saude, comportamentos preventivos em relacao as doencas cronico-degenerativas, percepcao sobre a condicao e as prioridades em saude. Para avaliar o estilo de vida, utilizou-se o “Questionario Estilo de Vida FANTASTIC” e para determinacao do nivel de atividade fisica foi utilizado o “Questionario de Atividade Fisica Habitual”. Os resultados foram analisados por meio de estatistica descritiva. Foi verificado que 72,6% dos alunos estavam com peso adequado. A avaliacao do estilo de vida demonstrou que 93,8% dos alunos alcancaram classificacao acima de “bom”. O nivel de atividade fisica apontou 98,6% dos alunos como “pouco ativo” e “inativo”. O comportamento preventivo em relacao a saude mostrou que 34,5% realizavam exames bioquimicos, 16,2% verificavam a pressao arterial com regularidade, 46% controlavam os alimentos ingeridos diariamente, 18,8% possuiam conhecimento sobre a sindrome metabolica e 14,3% relataram alguma queixa de saude, sendo a asma a mais citada. A autopercepcao positiva de saude, representada pelas opcoes “excelente”, “muito boa” e “boa” foi mencionada por 87,4% dos estudantes, enquanto que a prioridade de saude, para 52,2% foi “ter bem-estar fisico, mental e social”. Conclui-se que o estilo de vida influencia positivamente nos comportamentos preventivos de saude destes adolescentes, colaborando para adesao de bons habitos de saude, mas nao para a manutencao de niveis de atividade fisica minimos para uma qualidade de vida melhor. Palavras-chave: Escolares; Educacao em Saude; Estilo de Vida; Comportamentos Preventivos em Saude.
TL;DR: The present study indicates that TEMED is a toxicant for brain via inhibition of AChE and proper precaution should be made during its handling.
Abstract: N, N, N′, N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) is extensively used for initiating polymerization of acrylamide and bisacrylamide gel for electrophoresis and for inorganic complex structure formation. The present study evaluates the toxicological effect of TEMED on structures of rat brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. In vitro study showed that the Ki values for striatum, cortex, cerebellum and hypothalamus were found to be 1.24, 1.4, 1.45 and 1.47 mM. Kinetics studies indicated that TEMED caused mixed type of inhibition that is a combination of competitive and noncompetitive inhibition in striatum, cortex, hypothalamus and cerebellum. The result showed that km increased and Vmax decreased with increase in TEMED concentration. The IC50 values calculated for striatum, cortex, cerebellum and hypothalamus were found to be as 0.92, 0.92, 1.44 and 1.42 mM. The present study indicates that TEMED is a toxicant for brain via inhibition of AChE. Therefore, proper precaution should be made during its handling.