Showing papers by "Phillip D. Markham published in 2008"
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the DNA prime-protein boost approach is an effective immunization method to elicit both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in humans, and that a polyvalent Env formulation could generate broad immune responses against HIV-1 viruses with diverse genetic backgrounds.
194 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that improved gene delivery and expression by electroporation dramatically increases immunogenicity of DNA vaccines and is thus an important method to improve the effectiveness of DNA vaccination.
98 citations
TL;DR: Questions remain regarding the cause of the vasculitis, but the unique DTH observation may have contributed to the high level of immune responses previously reported for this vaccine.
56 citations
TL;DR: In both macaques and rabbits, robust anti-envelope antibodies, elicited by electroporated DNA, were augmented by gp120 protein and such responses neutralized sensitive SHIV isolates and highlight efficient priming of immune responses by electromagnetic DNA that in conjunction with protein boost may give rise to long-term immunity in immunized hosts.
33 citations
TL;DR: Quantitative real-time PCR assays enhance the detection and quantitation of SRV infection and will facilitate the elimination of this virus from macaque colonies.
11 citations
TL;DR: Results highlight the potential use of orally administered Talabostat for efficient protein boosting of antibody and T-cell responses primed by DNA.
9 citations
TL;DR: Immune responses and gene expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were compared between animals that controlled or did not control viremia after infection and revealed distinctive gene expression patterns between controllers and non-controllers.
Abstract: Insights into the host factors that contribute to an effective antiviral immune response may be obtained by examining global gene expression in simian human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)-infected nonhuman primates that exhibit different virological outcomes. Immune responses and gene expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were compared between animals that controlled or did not control viremia after infection. Rectal inoculation of eight rhesus macaques with R5-tropic SHIVSF162P3 resulted in a high level of plasma viremia during the acute phase of infection. The viremia was controlled to below levels of detection in six of these animals at the set point (controllers), whereas two animals had persistent viremia throughout the 140 wk that the animals were monitored (non-controllers). CD4+ T-cell counts declined slightly in both controllers and non-controllers in the acute phase of infection, but CD4+ T-cell counts continued to decline only in the non-controllers. Neutrali...
7 citations