Fundamentals of Plasmonics.- Electromagnetics of Metals.- Surface Plasmon Polaritons at Metal / Insulator Interfaces.- Excitation of Surface Plasmon Polaritons at Planar Interfaces.- Imaging Surface Plasmon Polariton Propagation.- Localized Surface Plasmons.- Electromagnetic Surface Modes at Low Frequencies.- Applications.- Plasmon Waveguides.- Transmission of Radiation Through Apertures and Films.- Enhancement of Emissive Processes and Nonlinearities.- Spectroscopy and Sensing.- Metamaterials and Imaging with Surface Plasmon Polaritons.- Concluding Remarks.

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Plasmonics: Fundamentals and Applications

From molecules to crystal engineering: supramolecular isomerism and polymorphism in network solids.

This critical review will be of interest to the experts in porous solids (including catalysis), but also solid state chemists and physicists. It presents the state-of-the-art on hybrid porous solids, their advantages, their new routes of synthesis, the structural concepts useful for their ‘design’, aiming at reaching very large pores. Their dynamic properties and the possibility of predicting their structure are described. The large tunability of the pore size leads to unprecedented properties and applications. They concern adsorption of species, storage and delivery and the physical properties of the dense phases. (323 references)

Hybrid porous solids: past, present, future

Since the first application of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomenon for sensing almost two decades ago, this method has made great strides both in terms of instrumentation development and applications. SPR sensor technology has been commercialized and SPR biosensors have become a central tool for characterizing and quantifying biomolecular interactions. This paper attempts to review the major developments in SPR technology. Main application areas are outlined and examples of applications of SPR sensor technology are presented. Future prospects of SPR sensor technology are discussed.

Surface plasmon resonance sensors: review

Optical tweezers use the forces exerted by a strongly focused beam of light to trap and move objects ranging in size from tens of nanometres to tens of micrometres. Since their introduction in 1986, the optical tweezer has become an important tool for research in the fields of biology, physical chemistry and soft condensed matter physics. Recent advances promise to take optical tweezers out of the laboratory and into the mainstream of manufacturing and diagnostics; they may even become consumer products. The next generation of single-beam optical traps offers revolutionary new opportunities for fundamental and applied research.

http://physics.nyu.edu/grierlab/nreview2c/nreview2c.pdf

A revolution in optical manipulation

We propose a method to visualize a phase object using a locally-controllable image amplification scheme we developed earlier which is based on two-wave coupling in a bismuth silicon oxide (Bi12SiO20, or BSO) crystal. In this method the BSO crystal is used as a phase plate in the configuration of Zernike’s phase contrast imaging system. The principle of the phase-visualization with two-wave coupling is presented. An experimental result to verify the proposed method is shown.

Visualization of a Phase Object by Two-Wave Coupling in a Photorefractive Bismuth Silicon Oxide Crystal

Negative permeability of single-ring split ring resonator (s-SRR) is theoretically investigated in the visible light frequency region [1, 2]. To estimate magnetic responses of conductive elements precisely, we determined internal impedance by considering the delay of the current inside the metal structure. The increase of the surface resistivity, which is the real part of the internal impedance, results in the decrease of the resonator's Q-value. This means the degradation of the tunable range of the permeability. The increase of the internal reactance results in the reduction of the resonant frequency. In our calculation, the surface resistivity saturates at the inherent frequency of each metal as the frequency increases. On the silver case, the saturation value is 0.4 Ω and this value is remarkably smaller than that of gold and copper. On the other hand, the internal reactance is increasing as the frequency increases independently of metal. We concluded that the internal reactance is dominant factor to realize the negative magnetic permeability in the optical frequency region. We also show the frequency dependence of the magnetic permeability of s-SRRs. In the case of s-SRRs made of copper, the minimum value of the magnetic permeability becomes positive value at 550 THz even in the high filling factor condition (11%). In the case of s-SRRs made of gold, only on the filling factor was 11%, the minimum value of the magnetic permeability takes negative value in the entire visible range. On the other hand, the silver SRR exhibits negative magnetic permeability in the visible range even under the low filling factor condition of 3%. Moreover, we concluded that reducing the geometrical capacitance and using silver for SRR are necessary to realize the negative magnetic permeability in the visible light range.

Negative Permeability of Single-ring Split Ring Resonator in the Visible Light Frequency Region

Summary form only given. Power supply and information transmission are important issues in developing implantable medical devices. Power and information should be sent through wireless methods in order to prevent infection. Recently, a transcutaneous power supply technique using near-infrared light has been proposed. This technique is non-invasive and causes little electromagnetic disturbances for surrounding instruments. By applying this technique, we have developed two new devices: an implantable power supplier with a rechargeable battery and an implantable transmitter driven by laser irradiation. The implantable power supplier consists of an array of PIN photodiodes and a rechargeable battery. The implantable transmitter consists of a PIN photodiode array, a near-infrared light emitting diode, and a phase-modulation circuit.

Near-infrared light power/information transmission for implantable medical devices

Optical microscopy that can visualize the molecular vibration with a nanometric spatial resolution has been realized by a combination of near-field optics and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectroscopy. A metallic probe with a sharp tip is used to strongly enhance optical near-field in the local vicinity of the tip owing to the excitation of local surface plasmon polariton. CARS signals of molecules in the local area can be strongly induced by the plasmonic field. We have visualized DNA molecules and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with a spatial resolution far beyond the diffraction limit by the tip-enhanced near-field CARS microscopy.

Tip-enhanced near-field CARS microscopy for molecular nano-imaging

It has been believed that one of the major reasons for the popularity of optical sensing is its non-destructive and remote-sensing capability. We can measure an object remotely far from the sensor without any damage to the object. However, in the near-field optical sensing which is described in this presentation a probe is nearly in contact to the object in a distance of some nanometers. While near-field optics loses the merit of remotely accessible capability with ordinary optics, it has significant advantages of super-resolving imaging, field-enhanced sensing and control, and nanometric surface fabrication. These advantages enable optics for contributing to the advanced micro-electro-mechanical systems. In this presentation, I describe the principle of this near-field optical sensing and control, with some latest experimental examples. The research of the near-field optics is still now progressing as an advanced optical technology, coupled with the related high technologies such as very precise mechanical scanner, nanometric fabrication, and very high-sensitive photodetection.

Satoshi Kawata

Papers

Visualization of a Phase Object by Two-Wave Coupling in a Photorefractive Bismuth Silicon Oxide Crystal

Negative Permeability of Single-ring Split Ring Resonator in the Visible Light Frequency Region

Near-infrared light power/information transmission for implantable medical devices

Tip-enhanced near-field CARS microscopy for molecular nano-imaging

Near field optics for nanometric sensing and control