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Using Multivariate Statistics

The measurement of meaning

A wide variety of media can be used in learning, including distance learning, such as print, lectures, conference sections, tutors, pictures, video, sound, and computers. Any one instance of distance learning will make choices among these media, perhaps using several.

Multimedia in Learning

An overview of the self-organizing map algorithm, on which the papers in this issue are based, is presented in this article.

The Self-Organizing Map

With digital equipment becoming increasingly networked, either on wired or wireless networks, for personal and professional use alike, distributed software systems have become a crucial element in information and communications technologies. The study of these systems forms the core of the ARLES' work, which is specifically concerned with defining new system software architectures, based on the use of emerging networking technologies. In this context, we concentrate on the study of distributed systems which bring to life the vision of ubiquitous computing systems, also known as ambient intelligence.

반도체 공정 overview

Due to the improvements of speech and language technologies during the last few decades, the demand for assessment and evaluation of such technologies increased significantly. Starting from the assessment of individual system components such as automatic speech recognition (ASR) or text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis, evaluation methods are now required to address the system – and the service which is based on it – as a whole. Both individual component assessment and entire system evaluation are worth being considered here, depending on the question which shall be answered by the assessment or evaluation.

Assessment and Evaluation of Speech-Based Interactive Systems: From Manual Annotation to Automatic Usability Evaluation

Speech quality models usually estimate the integral quality of the degraded speech files. Such quality values do not inform system developers and telephone service providers on the perceived degradation introduced by the system under study. This paper describes a new intrusive speech quality model, called Diagnostic Instrumental Assessment of Listening quality (DIAL), providing diagnostic information in both narrow-band and super-wideband contexts. Contrary to previous methods, this model estimates scores on four perceptual quality dimensions: directness/frequency content, continuity, noisiness, and loudness. These four dimensions are assumed to define the whole speech quality space.

Diagnostic Instrumental Speech Quality Assessment in a Super-Wideband Context

A cluster of research in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) suggests that it is possible to infer some characteristics of users' mental states by analyzing electrophysiological responses in real-time. However, it is not clear how to use the information extracted from electrophysiological signals to create visual representations of the emotional states of Virtual Reality (VR) users. Visualization of users' emotions in VR can lead to biofeedback therapies for training emotion self-regulation. Understanding how to visualize emotions in VR requires an interdisciplinary approach that integrates disciplines such as psychology, electrophysiology, and audiovisual design. Therefore, this review aims to integrate previous studies from these fields to understand how to develop virtual environments that can automatically create visual representations of users' emotional states. This manuscript addresses this challenge in three sections: First, theories related to emotion and affect are compared. Second, evidence suggesting that specific visual and sound cues tend to be associated with particular emotions are discussed. And third, some of the available methods for assessing emotions are described.

Emotion visualization in Virtual Reality: An integrative review.

Quality of Experience is traditionally evaluated by using short stimuli usually representing parts or single usage episodes This opens the question on how the overall service perception involving multiple usage episodes can be evaluated—a question of high practical relevance to service operators Despite initial research on this challenging aspect of multi-episodic perceived quality, the question of the underlying quality formation processes and its factors are still to be discovered We present a multi-episodic experiment of an Audio-on-Demand service over a usage period of 6 days with 93 participants Our work directly extends prior work investigating the impact of time between usage episodes The results show similar effects — although the recency effect is not statistically significant In addition, we extend prediction of multi-episodic judgments by accounting for the observed saturation

Multi-Episodic Perceived Quality of an Audio-on-Demand Service

A method for determining a speech quality measure of an output speech signal with respect to an input speech signal, wherein the input signal passes through a signal path of a data transmission system resulting in the output signal, includes the steps of pre-processing the output signal; determining at least one of an interruption rate of the pre-processed output signal and a measure for an intensity of musical tones present in the pre-processed output signal; and determining the speech quality measure from at least one of the interruption rate and the measure for the intensity of the musical tones.

Sebastian Möller

Papers

Assessment and Evaluation of Speech-Based Interactive Systems: From Manual Annotation to Automatic Usability Evaluation

Diagnostic Instrumental Speech Quality Assessment in a Super-Wideband Context

Emotion visualization in Virtual Reality: An integrative review.

Multi-Episodic Perceived Quality of an Audio-on-Demand Service

Method and system for the integral and diagnostic assessment of listening speech quality