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The measurement of meaning

A wide variety of media can be used in learning, including distance learning, such as print, lectures, conference sections, tutors, pictures, video, sound, and computers. Any one instance of distance learning will make choices among these media, perhaps using several.

Multimedia in Learning

An overview of the self-organizing map algorithm, on which the papers in this issue are based, is presented in this article.

The Self-Organizing Map

With digital equipment becoming increasingly networked, either on wired or wireless networks, for personal and professional use alike, distributed software systems have become a crucial element in information and communications technologies. The study of these systems forms the core of the ARLES' work, which is specifically concerned with defining new system software architectures, based on the use of emerging networking technologies. In this context, we concentrate on the study of distributed systems which bring to life the vision of ubiquitous computing systems, also known as ambient intelligence.

반도체 공정 overview

The basic hypothesis is that cry vocalizations of hearing-impaired infants differ from those of their counterparts with normal hearing abilities due to the lack of auditory feedback. This assumption, based on observations made by clinical experts, is investigated by means of auditory experiments with naive and expert listeners, and by signal analysis of the cries. The listening experiment shows that it is possible for experts to auditorily classify cries for both infant groups, based on the voice related and melodic cry features. The cries of profoundly hearing-impaired infants are different regarding their perceived sound, rhythm and melody. The sound may well be correlated to spectral characteristics, and melodic and rhythmic parameters are extracted which differ significantly for the two infant groups. The findings are discussed in the context of a cry production model. The extracted signal parameters enable an automatic classification of the cries by means of topological feature maps, which may later be used as the basis for an early supplementary diagnostic tool.

Analysis of infant cries for the early detection of hearing impairment.

: Information savviness describes the ability to ﬁnd, evaluate and reﬂect information online. Customers with high information savviness are more likely to look up product information online, read customer reviews before making a purchase decision. By assessing Information Savviness from chatbot interactions in a technical customer service domain, we analyze its impact on user experience (UX), expectations and preferences of the users in order to determine assessable personalization targets that acts dedicatedly on UX. To ﬁnd out which UX factors can be assessed reliably, we conduct an assessment study through a set of scenario-based tasks using a crowd-sourcing set-up and analyze UX factors. We reveal signiﬁcant differences in users’ UX expectations with respect to a series of UX factors like acceptability, task efﬁciency, system error, ease of use, naturalness, personality and promoter score . Our results strongly suggest a potential application for essential personalization and user adaptation strategies utilizing information savviness for the personalization of technical customer support chatbots.

Towards Personalization by Information Savviness to Improve User Experience in Customer Service Chatbot Conversations

In telephone conversations, transmitted speech of good to excellent quality is desired for enhanced Quality of Experience and to sustain lasting customer loyalty. Subjective mean opinion scores account for perceived transmitted quality, while instrumental models, such as POLQA, are able to estimate the subjective judgments. To perform subjective or instrumental quality measurements, the International Telecommunication Union recommends to employ two sentences from both, male and female speakers as speech material. In this paper, we have examined whether subjective and instrumental MOS ratings are affected by perceptual voice likability. A listening test has been conducted over 8 degradations with 12 extremely likable and unlikable male and female speakers. Statistically significant effects of gender and of voice likability have been detected on subjective MOS, whereas instrumental MOS was only affected by gender differences. These results can contribute to further improvements needed in the POLQA perceptual modeling, as well as to the selection of speakers for speech quality assessment tests.

Variable Voice Likability Affecting Subjective Speech Quality Assessments

The goal of the Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop 16472 has been to discuss and outline the strategic evolution of Quality of Experience as a key topic for future Internet research. The resulting manifesto, which is presented here, reviews the state of the art in the Quality of Experience (QoE) domain, along with a SWOT analysis. Based on those, it discusses how the QoE research area might develop in the future, and how QoE research will lead to innovative and improved products and services. It closes by providing a set of recommendations for the scientific community and industry, as well as for future funding of QoE-related activities.

https://drops.dagstuhl.de/opus/volltexte/2018/8683/pdf/dagman-v007-i001-p030-16472.pdf/

QoE Vadis? (Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop 16472)

In this paper, we propose a model that predicts the quality impairment
of wideband (50-7000 Hz) speech transmitted using Voice over Internet Protocol
(VoIP) under packet loss. Our approach is an extension of the so-called Emodel,
a parametric tool recommended by the International Telecommunication
Union (ITU-T) for the planning of telephone networks [3]. The present study follows
an earlier extension of the E-model’s quality rating scale from narrowband
(300-3400 Hz) to wideband [23, 4], and the specification of so-called Wideband
Equipment Impairment Factors Ie,wb that quantify the impairment due to wideband
speech coding under error-free conditions [18]. Based on an extensive series
of listening tests, we present some new considerations on how wideband speech
quality is impacted by uniform packet loss. These considerations are well in line
with earlier work on narrowband speech quality under VoIP packet loss [21, 22].
Following the proposed method, we present new wideband equipment impairment
factors for a number of codecs and a set of so-called Packet Loss Robustness Factors
Bpl for the a number of speech codecs.

Sebastian Möller

Papers

Analysis of infant cries for the early detection of hearing impairment.

Towards Personalization by Information Savviness to Improve User Experience in Customer Service Chatbot Conversations

Variable Voice Likability Affecting Subjective Speech Quality Assessments

QoE Vadis? (Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop 16472)

Speech Quality of wideband VoIP under packet loss