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Using Multivariate Statistics

The measurement of meaning

A wide variety of media can be used in learning, including distance learning, such as print, lectures, conference sections, tutors, pictures, video, sound, and computers. Any one instance of distance learning will make choices among these media, perhaps using several.

Multimedia in Learning

An overview of the self-organizing map algorithm, on which the papers in this issue are based, is presented in this article.

The Self-Organizing Map

With digital equipment becoming increasingly networked, either on wired or wireless networks, for personal and professional use alike, distributed software systems have become a crucial element in information and communications technologies. The study of these systems forms the core of the ARLES' work, which is specifically concerned with defining new system software architectures, based on the use of emerging networking technologies. In this context, we concentrate on the study of distributed systems which bring to life the vision of ubiquitous computing systems, also known as ambient intelligence.

반도체 공정 overview

Technical Causes Analysis (P.TCA) is a method for identifying technical causes of sub-optimum speech transmission quality. Originally created as an expert procedure for the annotation of speech samples, its applicability to naive listener was also studied. Due to the low agreement of naive listener annotations, it was suggested that detailed training methods are necessary to lift naive annotations to an agreement level of experts. The aim of this work was to develop training methods for naive annotators. For this, two different training procedures were developed and tested in two separate annotation experiments. The results are analyzed and discussed regarding the effects of the trainings and their implications for the P.TCA annotation scheme. The outcome shows that these training methods did not meet the expectations for improving the inter-rater agreement of naive annotators. It is concluded that trainings of 15 to 20 minutes rather confuse naive annotators by conveying too much information in too little time, and that they are not sufficient to prepare naive annotators. It is argued that much more extensive training is needed to raise naive annotators to expert level, and that such a training must include both, in-depth introduction to the annotation process as well as detailed presentation and exercise regarding the P.TCA degradations.

Towards training naïve participants for a perceptual annotation task designed for experts

Dieses Open-Access-Buch bietet einen verständlichen Überblick über Entscheidungsunterstützungssysteme in der klinischen Praxis. 

Klinische Entscheidungsfindung mit Künstlicher Intelligenz

A cluster of research in Affective Computing suggests that it is possible to infer some characteristics of users' affective states by analyzing their electrophysiological activity in real-time. However, it is not clear how to use the information extracted from electrophysiological signals to create visual representations of the affective states of Virtual Reality (VR) users. Visualization of users' affective states in VR can lead to biofeedback therapies for mental health care. Understanding how to visualize affective states in VR requires an interdisciplinary approach that integrates psychology, electrophysiology, and audio-visual design. Therefore, this review aims to integrate previous studies from these fields to understand how to develop virtual environments that can automatically create visual representations of users' affective states. The manuscript addresses this challenge in four sections: First, theories related to emotion and affect are summarized. Second, evidence suggesting that visual and sound cues tend to be associated with affective states are discussed. Third, some of the available methods for assessing affect are described. The fourth and final section contains five practical considerations for the development of virtual reality environments for affect visualization.

Affective visualization in Virtual Reality: An integrative review

In this paper we present our experiences in developing a spoken dialogue system supported by tests with a user simulation. Since the code of dialogue systems with modest complexity can easily get unclear, it is almost impossible to deliver error-free systems without user tests in the development process. We show how we included our user simulation environment SpeechEval in the development process of three VoiceXML dialogue systems and discuss advantages and drawbacks compared to tests with real users.

"Help Me, I Need More User Tests!" User Simulations as Supportive Tool in the Development Process of Spoken Dialogue Systems.

Pre-trained transformer language models (TLMs) have recently refashioned natural language processing (NLP): Most state-of-the-art NLP models now operate on top of TLMs to benefit from contextualization and knowledge induction To explain their success, the scientific community conducted numerous analyses Besides other methods, syntactic agreement tests were utilized to analyse TLMs Most of the studies were conducted for the English language, however In this work, we analyse German TLMs To this end, we design numerous agreement tasks, some of which consider peculiarities of the German language Our experimental results show that state-of-the-art German TLMs generally perform well on agreement tasks, but we also identify and discuss syntactic structures that push them to their limits

/pdf/evaluating-german-transformer-language-models-with-syntactic-41pcliy7aa.pdf

Sebastian Möller

Papers

Towards training naïve participants for a perceptual annotation task designed for experts

Klinische Entscheidungsfindung mit Künstlicher Intelligenz

Affective visualization in Virtual Reality: An integrative review

"Help Me, I Need More User Tests!" User Simulations as Supportive Tool in the Development Process of Spoken Dialogue Systems.

Evaluating German Transformer Language Models with Syntactic Agreement Tests.