Stephen J. Klaine

TL;DR: This review critiques existing nanomaterial research in freshwater, marine, and soil environments and illustrates the paucity of existing research and demonstrates the need for additional research.

TL;DR: In this paper, an expert panel was convened to conduct a comprehensive aquatic ecological risk assessment based on several newly suggested procedures and included exposure and hazard subcomponents as well as the overall risk assessment.

TL;DR: It is not possible to assess the risks associated with the use of ENM by investigating only the pristine form of the ENM, without considering alterations and transformation processes, and a more definitive classification scheme for ENM should be adopted.

TL;DR: Development of techniques for extraction, cleanup, separation, and sample storage that introduce minimal artifacts to increase the speed, sensitivity, and specificity of analytical techniques, as well as the development of techniques that can differentiate between abundant, naturally occurring particles, and manufactured nanoparticles are needed.

TL;DR: The effects of microplastic ingestion on the freshwater amphipod, Hyalella azteca, were evaluated to evaluate the toxicological implications of the exposure of aquatic organisms to plastic particles and to quantify effects on reproduction, growth, and egestion.