Susan M. Kleiner

TL;DR: This paper is a five year update of the sports nutrition review article published as the lead paper to launch the JISSN and presents a well-referenced overview of the current state of the science related to how to optimize training and athletic performance through nutrition.

TL;DR: This updated review is to provide ISSN members and individuals interested in sports nutrition with information that can be implemented in educational, research or practical settings and serve as a foundational basis for determining the efficacy and safety of many common sport nutrition products and their ingredients.

TL;DR: An update to the current literature regarding the role and safety of creatine supplementation in exercise, sport, and medicine is provided and the position stand of International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) is updated.

TL;DR: There is a paucity of research on women and older populations, as well as a wide range of untapped permutations of feeding frequency and macronutrient distribution at various energetic balances combined with training, which are still poorly researched areas of weight management.

TL;DR: If protein levels are adequate, increasing meal frequency during periods of hypoenergetic dieting may preserve lean body mass in athletic populations and increased meal frequency appears to have a positive effect on various blood markers of health, particularly LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, and insulin.