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Toni Pfaffeneder

Researcher at ETH Zurich

Publications -  29
Citations -  2702

Toni Pfaffeneder is an academic researcher from ETH Zurich. The author has contributed to research in topics: 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine & Oligonucleotide. The author has an hindex of 17, co-authored 28 publications receiving 2496 citations. Previous affiliations of Toni Pfaffeneder include Imperial College London & Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich.

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The Discovery of 5-Formylcytosine in Embryonic Stem Cell DNA†

TL;DR: Recent data suggest that active demethylation in postdevelopmental phases may proceed through deamination of hmC to give 5-hydroxymethyluridine (hmU), which is then removed from the genome with the help of the base excision repair (BER) system.
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Low values of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), the "sixth base," are associated with anaplasia in human brain tumors.

TL;DR: The number of 5hmC positive cells and the amount of 5mC/dG in the genome that has been proposed to be related to pluripotency and lineage commitment in embryonic stem cells is also associated with brain tumor differentiation and anaplasia.
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Mechanism and stem-cell activity of 5-carboxycytosine decarboxylation determined by isotope tracing.

TL;DR: Stem cells seem to erase epigenetic information by decarboxylation of the newly discovered epigenetic base 5-carboxycytosine (caC), which is likely to involve a nucleophilic attack of the C5-C6 double bond.