Academy of Finland

About: Academy of Finland is a government organization based out in Helsinki, Finland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 286 authors who have published 419 publications receiving 15304 citations. The organization is also known as: Finlands Akademi & Suomen Akatemia.

Observation Language and Theoretical

Abstract: It is sometimes thought that there is a contrast between such approaches to perception as rely on causal notions (‘causal theories of perception’), those discussions that emphasize the informational (‘representative’) nature of perception, and sense-datum theories of perception. This double contrast is largely spurious, however. In this chapter, I shall argue that an appropriate semantical analysis of the informational role of perception naturally, almost inevitably, leads us to assign an important role to causal relationships in the logic of perception. It is also suggested that this observation can be partially generalized to other notions which allow for individuation by acquaintance and that it puts into a new perspective several conceptual puzzles in this area.

Survey of macroalgal mats in the Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea

Abstract: 1. The occurrence of macroalgal mats in shallow coastal waters was studied in the Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea. 2. Altogether, 89 sites were visited and the near-shore waters of the islands were investigated, mainly by scuba diver, to about 10 m depth. In 26 places, drifting algal mats were recorded. 3. The macroalgal mats occurred in patches of up to 10 m2 in area, in a range of depths from 0.5 to 10 m, with the optimum depth being less than 5 m. The coverage of the mat varied between 10–70%, and the thickness of the mat was found to vary between 2 and 30 cm. The most frequently recorded, dominant species was Cladophora glomerata. 4. In some cases, anoxic conditions were observed as black sediment underneath the mat. This phenomenon could be a sign of very severe eutrophication of the Baltic Sea. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Is scientists' publishing behaviour rewardseeking?

Abstract: The use of bibliometric indicators in research evaluation makes many hidden assumptions about scientists' publishing habits. This paper tests an assumption that scientists are reward oriented and attempt to publish in as prestigious channels as possible, seeking an optimal level in the hierarchy of publications. The data are based on interviews with teaching and research personnel in four university departments in the fields of zoology, biomedicine, and automation and control technology. The author concludes that in all studied fields scientists placed equal emphasis on the reward and communication functions of publishing. The actual publishing behaviour of biomedical scientists, nevertheless, accorded best with the assumption of seeking an optimal level of publishing in terms of prestige. By contrast, in zoology and technical fields, local and field-related publishing habits appeared strong.