Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources

About: Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources is a government organization based out in Brasília, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Deforestation. The organization has 549 authors who have published 732 publications receiving 13999 citations. The organization is also known as: IBAMA.

Chapa aglomerada de cimento-madeira de Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg.

Abstract: Cement-bonded particleboards of rubberwood were manufactured with four clones of Hevea brasiliensis Mull. Arg. (rubberwood): IAN 717, IAN 873, GT 711 and AVROS 1301. Boards of 450 x 450 x 13 mm were manufactured in a ratio of 1:4:1 (wood/cement/water), weight basis, with 1.4 g/cm 3 density and 4% calcium chloride dihydrated - CaCl2 .2H 2 O as accelerator. The particles of four clones were tested in treated and untreated conditions, totaling eight treatments. In each treatment with four replicates, the physical and mechanical properties were evaluated according to ASTM D 1037 - 96a standard. Overall, the best mechanical and physical results were obtained with the cement-bonded particleboard made with particles from clone AVROS 1301. Rubberwood has shown to be "highly inhibitory" in the hydration test, however when CaCl 2 was added the inhibition index decreased and was classified as "low inhibitory". Rubberwood is technically feasible to make cement-bonded particleboard.

Governança ambiental no Brasil: ecos do passado

Abstract: O presente artigo trata de uma analise da acao governamental para o controle do uso dos recursos naturais no Brasil, desde o descobrimento, em 1500. Teve como objetivo compreender o processo de formulacao e execucao de politicas ambientais, considerando a evolucao de conceitos, regras e instituicoes do periodo colonial ate os dias atuais, caracterizando as bases historicas, institucionais e legais que moldaram a atual governanca ambiental brasileira. A pesquisa foi realizada consultando referencias bibliograficas e documentos governamentais com dados e informacoes diversos. Pode-se observar que ao longo da historia do Pais, a acao governamental concentrouse nas acoes de comando e controle, com regras e instituicoes especificas para determinados recursos naturais, com pouca ou nenhuma integracao com outras politicas ou processos gerenciais de uso de recursos naturais, situacao que mudou significativamente apos a instituicao da Lei no 6.938/81, da Politica Nacional do Meio Ambiente, quando houve correspondencia da evolucao da gestao ambiental no Brasil com os conceitos, principios, diretrizes e criterios de governanca ambiental e seus resultados. Apesar dos avancos em direcao aos criterios de reforma e modernizacao do Estado como descentralizacao, participacao, democratizacao, capacitacao gerencial, eficiencia e eficacia, a relacao da sociedade, do Governo e do setor privado com a natureza ainda reflete uma visao colonial utilitarista, imediatista e de uso insustentavel dos recursos naturais, aliada a problemas de execucao das normas e regras, causando degradacao ambiental e comprometendo o desenvolvimento sustentavel. Indicam a necessidade de se avaliar mais criticamente os alcances da Politica Nacional do Meio Ambiente em funcao da continua perda dos recursos e servicos ambientais e o elevado padrao de consumo da sociedade em bases nao sustentaveis, requerendo mudancas de atitude do cidadao em relacao ao uso e protecao dos recursos e servicos ambientais. Os resultados alcancados contribuem para a discussao da relacao historica de uso e ocupacao do territorio nacional e suas consequencias para a sustentabilidade.

Estimate of Trade Traffic of Podocnemis (Testudines, Pedocnemididae) from the Middle Purus River, Amazonas, Brazil

Abstract: The trade traffic estimate was made by using real data from 2 years of seizures (2000 and 2001), combined with river stage-level data. Abufari Reserve is located about 600 km south of Manaus, where the largest stretch of the Amazonian floodplain is protected by a federal conservation unit. In the minds of the local people, the chelonian populations are still abundant and inexhaustible. However, records show that in 2000 and 2001, 3992 chelonians and 122 Podocnemis nets were confiscated, which represent only a small part of the total catch from this river. Consequently, these natural stocks could be decreasing because of trafficking by animal peddlers who invade the area and escape with animals to the detriment of the ecosystem and the local people.

Diagnóstico de animais ilegais recebidos no centro de triagem de animais silvestres de Belo Horizonte, Estado de Minas Gerais, no ano de 2011

Abstract: The wildlife rehabilitation center in Belo Horizonte (CETAS - BH) is one of the responsible for the receipt of wild animals in Minas Gerais (MG). The knowledge about the animals traffic is an important instrument for the wild species conservation as it allows the improvement of environmental education and the enforcement actions. The research aimed to diagnose the species of wildlife seized or voluntarily surrendered in CETAS-BH and analyze their spatial distribution. The species were identified and classified according to the taxonomic key and the risk of extinction. Descriptive spatial analysis identified the geographic coordinates of the cities where the animals were found to make maps showing their spatial distribution and the Kernel density. In 2011 were received 7426 live animals, 91.5 % of these birds, 7% reptiles and 1.5% mammals. It was found a range of species (166), most of them birds (79.5%). The most received species were Sicalis flaveola and Saltator similis. Fifteen percent of the species were endangered. The main category of receiving was the seizure (82.7%), and 79% of them were conducted by Environment Police. The animals were from 94 cities in the state of Minas Gerais. The spatial analysis identified the Belo Horizonte Metropolitan Region as the region with the highest concentration of occurrences. In this context, this study suggests the improvement and intensification of environmental education and supervision in those specific areas